Life tables for the diamondback moth ( Plutella xylostella ) in southeast Brazil indicate ants and spiders as leading mortality factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizeu S. Farias ◽  
Renata C. Santos ◽  
Daiane G. Carmo ◽  
João R. S. Soares ◽  
Thiago L. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Life Tables ◽  
Mortality Factors ◽  
Southeast Brazil

Something old, something new: revisiting the diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) life table after 65 years

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Dancau ◽  
Tim Haye ◽  
Naomi Cappuccino ◽  
Peter G. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Life Tables ◽  
Mortality Factors ◽  
Destructive Sampling ◽  
Moth Population ◽  
Central Experimental Farm ◽  
History Of

AbstractNearly 65 years ago, D.G. Harcourt developed the first of 74 life tables of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), on the Central Experimental Farm in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada and at nearby sites. This work is cited whenever authors discuss the life history of the diamondback moth and its parasitoids in Canada. Since Harcourt’s study, climate change, urbanisation, and crop diversity may have altered the population dynamics of both the diamondback moth and its natural enemy community in the original study area. To follow up on Harcourt’s work, we used two approaches to build life tables to describe mortality factors in the field and the natural enemies attacking diamondback moth in Ottawa: destructive sampling of mature cabbage, Brassica oleracea Linnaeus (Brassicaceae), plants similar to Harcourt’s approach and a modern sentinel-based approach with an enemy exclusion cage treatment. After 65 years, the primary parasitoids attacking diamondback moth remained the same, although more parasitoid diversity was revealed by the destructive sampling technique. Total mortality and parasitism levels also remained similar. In one notable difference, we attributed more diamondback mortality to predation. Overall, however, diamondback moth population dynamics have changed little in Ottawa in the decades since Harcourt’s studies.

Effects of rhizobacteria on the biology and behavior of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Robson Thomaz Thuler ◽  
Fernando Henrique Iost Filho ◽  
Hamilton César De Oliveira Charlo ◽  
Sergio Antônio De Bortoli
Keyword(s):  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Insect Behavior ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Pupal Weight ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Plant Feeding ◽  
Kluyvera Ascorbata ◽  
And Behavior

Plant induced resistance is a tool for integrated pest management, aimed at increasing plant defense against stress, which is compatible with other techniques. Rhizobacteria act in the plant through metabolic changes and may have direct effects on plant-feeding insects. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of cabbage plants inoculated with rhizobacteria on the biology and behavior of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Cabbage seeds inoculated with 12 rhizobacteria strains were sowed in polystyrene trays and later transplanted into the greenhouse. The cabbage plants with sufficient size to support stress were then infested with diamondback moth caterpillars. Later, healthy leaves suffering injuries were collected and taken to the laboratory to feed P. xylostella second instar caterpillars that were evaluated for larval and pupal viability and duration, pupal weight, and sex ratio. The reduction of leaf area was then calculated as a measure of the amount of larval feeding. Non-preference for feeding and oviposition assays were also performed, by comparing the control treatment and plants inoculated with different rhizobacterial strains. Plants inoculated with the strains EN4 of Kluyvera ascorbata and HPF14 of Bacillus thuringiensis negatively affected the biological characteristics of P. xylostella when such traits were evaluated together, without directly affecting the insect behavior.

Mutation of P‐element somatic inhibitor induces male sterility in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaohui Wang ◽  
Xia Xu ◽  
Xi’en Chen ◽  
Xiaowei Li ◽  
Honglun Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
P Element

scholarly journals On the virulence of the entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae (Ascomycota: Hypocreales), against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shehzad ◽  
Muhammad Tariq ◽  
Tariq Mukhtar ◽  
Asim Gulzar
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Offspring Sex Ratio ◽  
Development Of Resistance

Abstract Background The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a noxious pest of cruciferous crops all over the world causing serious economic damage. Management of insect pest generally depends on chemical control; however, due to development of resistance against all types of insecticides, alternative approaches especially utilization of a microbial agent is inevitable. Results Potential of 2 entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), viz., Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, was evaluated against 2nd and 3rd larval instars of P. xylostella by adopting leaf dip and direct spraying methods under laboratory conditions. Significant mortality rate was achieved by each fungus under adopted methodologies. However, B. bassiana was found to be more effective in both conditions than M. anisopliae. Highest mean corrected mortality (77.80%) was recorded, when spores of B. bassiana were sprayed on the 2nd instar larvae (LC50=1.78×104/ml) after the 6th day of treatment. Similarly, incase of M. anisopliae LC50 for the 2nd instar at the same methodology was 2.78×104/ml with a mortality percentage of 70.0%. Offspring sex ratio was non-significantly related to treatment concentration and methodology, except for the control. Conclusion Beauveria bassiana and M. anisopliae had potential to suppress P. xylostella infestations when applied appropriately. Present findings suggested that B. bassiana and M. anisopliae when sprayed on immatures of host insect had more effect as compared to leaf dip procedure. Furthermore, no significant effect of concentrations was observed on sex ratio.

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