Complex ecological relationships among an assemblage of indigenous hymenopteran parasitoids, the exotic European woodwasp (Sirex noctilio; Hymenoptera: Siricidae), and a native congener

2016 ◽  
Vol 148 (5) ◽  
pp. 532-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Foelker ◽  
Christopher R. Standley ◽  
Dylan Parry ◽  
Melissa K. Fierke
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Species Assemblage ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Sirex Noctilio ◽  
Ecological Relationships ◽  
Early Instar ◽  
Parasitoid Assemblage ◽  
Hymenopteran Parasitoids ◽  
Total Parasitism

AbstractWe collected naturally infested Pinus resinosa Aiton (Pinaceae) and P. sylvestris Linnaeus to investigate phenological patterns and quantify parasitism by a suite of native hymenopteran parasitoids on two woodwasps (Hymenoptera: Siricidae): the invading non-native European woodwasp, Sirex noctilio Fabricius, and a co-colonising native, S. nigricornis Fabricius. We sampled a total of 76 trees from two field sites in 2010 and seven sites in 2011. In raw abundance, S. noctilio outnumbered S. nigricornis by 2:1 in 2010 and by 7.5:1 in 2011. We collected the egg/early instar parasitoid, Ibalia leucospoides ensiger Norton (Hymenoptera: Ibaliidae); four species of Rhyssinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) late larval parasitoids; and Pseudorhyssa nigricornis (Ratzeburg) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a cleptoparasitoid of rhyssines. Variation in siricid and parasitoid species assemblage and abundance was explained primarily by site, with tree-level factors playing a secondary role. Parasitism was significantly lower in P. sylvestris (13.6%±4.1 SE), a naturalised pine from Europe, than in the native P. resinosa (28.5%±5.0). Total parasitism was 27.6%±5.0 in 2010 and 20.9%±4.7 in 2011. This study represents the most robust analysis of the diverse woodwasp and parasitoid assemblage infesting pines in North America.

scholarly journals Parasitism Capacity of Trichogramma pretiosum and Trichogramma acacioi (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae) on eggs of Sitotroga cerealella (Lep.: Gelechiidae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1249-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirceu Pratissoli ◽  
José Cola Zanuncio ◽  
Ulysses Rodrigues Vianna ◽  
Josimar Souza Andrade ◽  
Fernando Domingo Zinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Sitotroga Cerealella ◽  
Alternative Host ◽  
Trichogramma Pretiosum ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Total Parasitism

The objective of this work was to evaluate the parasitism capacity of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley and T. acacioi Brun, Moraes and Soares (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in eggs of the alternative host Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) aiming to use both species in biological control programs of Nipteria panacea Tierry-Mieg (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). The parasitism rhythm and total parasitism of these parasitoid species were affected by the temperature with higher values during the first 24 h of their life. Parasitism period was longer for T. pretiosum and T. acacioi at the lowest temperature.

The impact of Sirex noctilio in Pinus resinosa and Pinus sylvestris stands in New York and Ontario

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Dodds ◽  
Peter de Groot ◽  
David A. Orwig
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Attack Behavior ◽  
Sirex Noctilio ◽  
Silvicultural Treatments ◽  
Dead Trees ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
The Impact

Sirex noctilio Fabricius has a long history as an invasive insect species in pine plantations throughout the Southern Hemisphere and has been recently discovered in North America, where it is uncertain how this insect will behave in pine ecosystems. To assess the impact and attack behavior of S. noctilio, forest surveys and measurements from attacked and unattacked trees were taken in nine Pinus resinosa Ait. and Pinus sylvestris L. plantations in New York, USA, and Ontario, Canada. There was a trend of S. noctilio attacking suppressed trees with smaller live crowns and reduced growth. Some S. noctilio attacks were also found in dominant crown classes but at a lower rate than overtopped or intermediate classes. Sirex noctilio appeared to have more of an impact in P. sylvestris forests, as they attacked more stems (9%–18%) and higher basal area (1.6–5.5 m2/ha) than P. resinosa stands (3%–8% of stems and 0.4–2.4 m2/ha). Dead trees with signs of Siricidae and dead from other causes were also quantified, and in some P. resinosa stands, levels were greater in magnitude than S. noctilio losses. Data from this study suggest that silvicultural treatments should be a key component of integrated pest management plans for S. noctilio.

Sirex species (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) and their parasitoids in Pinus sylvestris in eastern North America

2009 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan J. Long ◽  
David W. Williams ◽  
Anne E. Hajek
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
New York State ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Sirex Noctilio ◽  
York State ◽  
Sirex Nigricornis ◽  
Percent Parasitism ◽  
Central New York

AbstractSiricids and their parasitoids were reared from Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L. (Pinaceae)) trees infested by Sirex noctilio F. in central New York State. Sirex noctilio accounted for 94.3% of the siricid specimens emerging, totaling 1313 specimens from six trees, with a maximum of 495 from one tree. Of the individuals emerging per tree, 20.6 ± 5.2% were female. Two native siricids, Sirex nigricornis F. and S. edwardsii Brullè, also emerged from trees but in low numbers. Three hymenopteran parasitoid species that attack siricids emerged, totaling 21.8 ± 6.4% parasitism per tree. Ibalia leucospoides ensiger Norton (Ibaliidae) was by far the most abundant parasitoid, at 20.5 ± 6.3% parasitism per tree. The percentage of female S. noctilio emerging was positively correlated with wood diameter, whereas percent parasitism by I. l. ensiger was negatively correlated with wood diameter.

Parasitoids of medfly, Ceratitis capitata, and related tephritids in Kenyan coffee: a predominantly koinobiont assemblage

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 517-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Wharton ◽  
M.K. Trostle ◽  
R.H. Messing ◽  
R.S. Copeland ◽  
S.W. Kimani-Njogu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Sampling Bias ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Parasitic Hymenoptera ◽  
Central Highlands ◽  
Western Side ◽  
Parasitoid Assemblage ◽  
Assemblage Size

AbstractArabica coffee was sampled from two sites in the central highlands of Kenya (Rurima, Ruiru) and one site on the western side of the Rift Valley (Koru). Three species of ceratitidine Tephritidae, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), C. rosaKarsch and Trirhithrum coffeae Bezzi, were reared from sites in the central highlands, and an additional species, C. anonae Graham, was recovered from the western-most site. Ten species of parasitic Hymenoptera were reared from these tephritids. The parasitoid assemblage was dominated by koinobionts. Eight of the species are koinobiont endoparasitoids, but only one idiobiont larval ectoparasitoid was reared, and only one idiobiont pupal endoparasitoid. The effects of sampling bias on determination of parasitoid assemblage size associated with concealed hosts are discussed. The potential for use of these parasitoids in biological control is also discussed. Most of the parasitoid species recovered during this study are capable of developing on C. capitata, while several also attack C. rosa. Both flies are notorious pests of tropical and subtropical fruits.

scholarly journals Hymenoptera Parasitoid Diversity in Oil Palm Plantation on PT. Mopoli Raya, Aceh Tamiang, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-232
Author(s):  
Aidil Amar ◽  
Husni Husni* ◽  
Abdullah Abdullah ◽  
Syaukani Syaukani
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Immature Oil ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Synthetic Pesticide ◽  
Hymenopteran Parasitoids

Hymenopteran parasitoids are biological control agents that contribute mortality to economically important pest of oil palm plantations. In this research we investigated the diversity and abundance of Hymenopteran parasitoids at PT. Mopoli Raya, Aceh Province, Indonesia. Data were collected by adopted a purposive sampling method in mature and immature plantations by using light trap, malaise trap, and yellow-pan trap.  Specimens were identified at Universitas Syiah Kuala and final taxonomic confirmation was conducted at Gadjah Mada University.  We found that the species richness and evenness of the Hymenoptera parasitoid species in mature oil palm plantations tended to be higher than in immature plantations.  It is suspected that in immature oil palm plants (4 years) synthetic pesticide application is more intensive and it has a negative impact on the presence of parasitoids compared to the mature.

Trapping success and flight behavior of two parasitoid species of the woodwasp Sirex noctilio

2019 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 150-156
Author(s):  
Andrés S. Martínez ◽  
Deborah Fischbein ◽  
José M. Villacide ◽  
Juan C. Corley
Keyword(s):  
Flight Behavior ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Sirex Noctilio

Influence of rice crop stage on the distribution of hymenopteran parasitoids of insect pests

ENTOMON ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-120
Author(s):  
S.J. Reuolin ◽  
N. Muthukrishnan ◽  
M. Paramasivam ◽  
K.S. Subramanian ◽  
N. Maragatham
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
Insect Host ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Insect Parasitoid ◽  
Host Availability ◽  
Panicle Development ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rice Ecosystem ◽  
Hymenopteran Parasitoids

A total of 43 insect parasitoid species belonging to fourteen families (Aphelinidae, Braconidae, Ceraphronidae, Diapriidae, Encyrtidae, Eulophidae, Eurytomidae, Ichneumonidae, Megaspilidae, Mymaridae, Platygasteridae, Proctotrupidae, Pteromalidae, Trichogrammatidae) has been documented in the rice ecosystem using yellow pan trap. The observations were made at four important stages of rice crop like early tillering, active tillering, booting and panicle development. The parasitoids were also compared with the occurrence of sixteen insect pests that were recorded simultaneously in each stage of the crop. The result revealed that, there is a significant difference in the occurrence of parasitoids according to the stage of the crop and insect host availability. This understanding help in the introduction of specific parasitoids at respective stages for effective biocontrol.

scholarly journals Arboreal Insects Associated With Herbicide-Stressed Pinus resinosa and Pinus sylvestris Used as Sirex noctilio Trap Trees in New York

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1350-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Dodds ◽  
Kelley E. Zylstra ◽  
Garret D. Dubois ◽  
E. Richard Hoebeke
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Sirex Noctilio

A review of known parasitoids of hemlock looper (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) in Canada and first records of egg and larval parasitoids in Labrador forests

2018 ◽  
Vol 150 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-510
Author(s):  
Rachid Sabbahi ◽  
Lucie Royer ◽  
James E. O’Hara ◽  
Andrew M.R. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Newfoundland And Labrador ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Comprehensive List ◽  
Larval Parasitoids ◽  
Parasitoid Assemblage ◽  
Hemlock Looper

AbstractA rearing study of egg and larval parasitoids of hemlock looper (Lambdina fiscellaria (Guenée); Lepidoptera: Geometridae) was undertaken during an outbreak of this pest in Labrador, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. Six parasitoid species were found: Telenomus coloradensis Crawford and T. droozi Muesebeck (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae), Winthemia occidentis Reinhard and Blondelia eufitchiae (Townsend) (Diptera: Tachinidae), as well as one species of Phobocampe Förster and Mesochorus vittator (Zetterstedt) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). None of them was a new Canadian record. To facilitate understanding of the regional parasitoid assemblage in Labrador, we compiled all published records in Canada and collated all specimen records from the Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes (Ottawa, Ontario, Canada). This comprehensive list will aid researchers interested in potential biological control candidates for hemlock looper.

Aspects of the ecology of siricid woodwasps (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) in Europe, North Africa and Turkey with special reference to the biological control of Sirex noctilio F. in Australia

1978 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Spradbery ◽  
A. A. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Host Tree ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Sirex Noctilio ◽  
Host Tree Species ◽  
Made In

AbstractCollections of siricid-infested coniferous trees were made in 150 localities in 19 European countries, Turkey and North Africa to obtain parasites and parasitoids of siricids for use in the biological control of Sirex noctilio F. in Australia. During this work, information was obtained on the distribution and biology of 8 siricid species (S. noctilio, S. cyaneus F., S. juvencus L., Urocerus augur (Kiug), U. gigas. (L.), U. sah (Mocs.), U. fantoma (F.), Xeris spectrum (L.)) and 7 parasitoids (Rhyssa persu.asoria (L.), R. amoena. Gray., Pseudorhyssa maculicoxis (Krchb.), Megarhyssa emarginatoria (Thnb.), Ibalia leucospoides leucospoides (Hochenw.), I. rufipes drewseni Borries, Odontocolon geniculatum. (Krchb.)). Data are presented on distribution, flight periods and sexratios (determined from emergence records), factors leading to the susceptibility of timber to siricid infestation and the types of timber and host tree species infested. Levels of parasitism by the various parasitoid species, determined from emergence records, are given. Localities are assigned to bioclimatic categories, and their siricid and parasitoid species are classified in relation to the climatic criteria. The ecological status of S. noctilio is discussed in relation to its establishment in Australia.

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