A method for continuous rearing of grapevine leafhoppers, Erythroneura spp. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Saguez ◽  
C. Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Second Step ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Egg Development ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Erythroneura Elegantula

AbstractWe report a two-step method to rear three leafhopper species, Erythroneura elegantula Osborn, Erythroneura vitis (Harris), and Erythroneura ziczac Walsh, for experimental purposes on grapevines. The first step involves rearing adults on grapevines for reproduction, oviposition, and egg development. The second step involves rearing nymphs on isolated leaves placed in Petri dishes lined with agar. No mortality was observed and adults emerged in about three weeks. The three Erythroneura species were reared for 10 consecutive generations with minimal resources.

scholarly journals Purification of microbial b-galactosidase from Kluyveromyces fragilis by bioaffinity partitioning

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 324-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Estela da Silva ◽  
Telma Teixeira Franco
Keyword(s):  
Partition Coefficient ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Kluyveromyces Fragilis ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Rich Phase ◽  
Extraction And Purification ◽  
Peg 4000 ◽  
Aqueous Two Phase Systems ◽  
Phase Systems

This work investigated the partitioning of b-galactosidase from Kluyveromyces fragilis in aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) by bioaffinity. PEG 4000 was chemically activated with thresyl chloride, and the biospecific ligand p-aminophenyl 1-thio-b-D-galactopyranoside (APGP) was attached to the activated PEG 4000. A new two-step method for extraction and purification of the enzyme b-galactosidase from Kluyveromyces fragilis was developed. In the first step, a system composed of 6% PEG 4000-APGP and 8% dextran 505 was used, where b-galactosidase was strongly partitioned to the top phase (K = 2,330). In the second step, a system formed of 13% PEG-APGP and 9% phosphate salt was used to revert the value of the partition coefficient of b-galactosidase (K = 2 x 10-5) in order to provide the purification and recovery of 39% of the enzyme in the bottom salt-rich phase.

scholarly journals The Management of Accountability for Innovation in an Organization

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Abu-Hussain Jamal ◽  
Oleg Tilchin
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Process ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Step Method ◽  
The Third ◽  
Process Characteristics ◽  
Innovative Process ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Accountability Management

The suggested comprehensive three-step method for management of the employees’ accountability for innovation is aimed at intensification of the innovation activity in an organization. The innovation process is characterized by suitability, feasibility, and applicability of the ideas. It is performed by the phases: finding new ideas, evaluation of ideas, development of ideas including their experimentation and implementation. Change of the innovation process characteristics causes the need of the accountability management. As a result of the management, the accountability characteristics such as a sphere, a level, and a measure of the employees’ accountability for innovation are changed. The method is realized by sequence of the steps: setting accountability, evaluating accountability, and managing accountability. The steps are aligned with the innovative process phases. At the first step, the spheres and the levels of employees’ accountability for generating ideas are set. At the second step, the spheres, levels, and measures of employees’ accountability for development of the ideas are determined. The measure of accountability characterizes accountability of the members of the dynamic and heterogeneous group which is self-formed by employees as a result of the idea assessment. It is set equal to the idea value. The idea value is calculated by summation of assessments of the innovative process characteristics. At the third step, the spheres, levels, and measures of employees’ accountability while development of the ideas are guided. Sharing accountability among the group members is based on their knowledge and skills. The preferable innovation direction and the key idea are revealed.

scholarly journals The Synthesis and Properties of Liquid Crystalline Polyurethanes, Chemically Modified by Polyhedral Oligomericsilsesquioxanes

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (22) ◽  
pp. 4013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Bukowczan ◽  
Edyta Hebda ◽  
Maciej Czajkowski ◽  
Krzysztof Pielichowski
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Step Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Liquid Crystalline Phases ◽  
Breaking Points ◽  
First Time

In this work, we report for the first time on the influence of polyhedral oligomericsilsesquioxanes (POSS) on the structure and properties of liquid crystalline polyurethane (LCPU). LCPU/POSS hybrids were synthesized via a two-step method. In the first step, 4,4′-methylenephenyl diisocyanate (MDI) and polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMG) reacted with functionalized trisilanolphenyl POSS (TSP-POSS) bearing three hydroxyl groups. In the second step, the growing chain was extended with 4,4′-bis(hydroxyhexoxy)biphenyl (BHHBP). FTIR measurements confirmed the chemical bonding between the POSS and LCPU matrix and showed the influence of the silsesquioxane modification on the intensity of hydrogen bonds. The DSC and POM techniques confirmed the formation of liquid crystalline phases. The incorporation of silsesquixanes into the LC matrix leads to higher melting and isotropization temperatures along with the broadening phase transition effect. Scanning electron microscopy showed a good distribution of POSS moieties, both in the bulk and on the surface of the liquid crystalline PU matrix, whereby wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) patterns revealed halos from both the liquid crystalline and unmodified polyurethane matrix. The stress at the breaking points for LCPU/POSS hybrids containing 50% and 60% of elastic segments is greater than the stress at the breaking point of the reference material (LCPU), what is due to good dispersion of POSS in less elastic matrix. Thermal properties of the LCPU/POSS materials obtained, determined by TGA, revealed that the char residue increased with the amount of POSS for 40% of elastic segments materials.

scholarly journals Video Summarization Based on Mutual Information and Entropy Sliding Window Method

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1285
Author(s):  
WenLin Li ◽  
DeYu Qi ◽  
ChangJian Zhang ◽  
Jing Guo ◽  
JiaJun Yao
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Information ◽  
Video Summarization ◽  
Sliding Window ◽  
Information Value ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Speeded Up Robust Features ◽  
The Third ◽  
Window Method ◽  
Key Frames

This paper proposes a video summarization algorithm called the Mutual Information and Entropy based adaptive Sliding Window (MIESW) method, which is specifically for the static summary of gesture videos. Considering that gesture videos usually have uncertain transition postures and unclear movement boundaries or inexplicable frames, we propose a three-step method where the first step involves browsing a video, the second step applies the MIESW method to select candidate key frames, and the third step removes most redundant key frames. In detail, the first step is to convert the video into a sequence of frames and adjust the size of the frames. In the second step, a key frame extraction algorithm named MIESW is executed. The inter-frame mutual information value is used as a metric to adaptively adjust the size of the sliding window to group similar content of the video. Then, based on the entropy value of the frame and the average mutual information value of the frame group, the threshold method is applied to optimize the grouping, and the key frames are extracted. In the third step, speeded up robust features (SURF) analysis is performed to eliminate redundant frames in these candidate key frames. The calculation of Precision, Recall, and Fmeasure are optimized from the perspective of practicality and feasibility. Experiments demonstrate that key frames extracted using our method provide high-quality video summaries and basically cover the main content of the gesture video.

scholarly journals Two-step approach for pressure oscillations prediction in gas turbine combustion chambers

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmytro Iurashev ◽  
Giovanni Campa ◽  
Vyacheslav V Anisimov ◽  
Ezio Cosatto
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Combustion Instabilities ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Pressure Oscillations ◽  
Set Up

Currently, gas turbine manufacturers frequently face the problem of strong acoustic combustion-driven oscillations inside combustion chambers. These combustion instabilities can cause extensive wear and sometimes even catastrophic damage of combustion hardware. This requires prevention of combustion instabilities, which, in turn, requires reliable and fast predictive tools. We have developed a two-step method to find a set of operating parameters under which gas turbines can be operated without going into self-excited pressure oscillations. As the first step, an unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulation with the flame speed closure model implemented in the OpenFOAM® environment is performed to obtain the flame transfer function of the combustion set-up. As the second step time-domain simulations employing low-order network model implemented in Simulink® are executed. In this work, we apply the proposed method to the Beschaufelter RingSpalt test rig developed at the Technische Universität München. The sensitivity of thermoacoustic stability to the length of a combustion chamber, flame position, gain and phase of flame transfer function and outlet reflection coefficient are studied.

scholarly journals Simple, Rapid and on Spot Dye-based Sensor for the Detection of Vibrio Load in Shrimp Culture Farms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sweta Binod Kumar ◽  
Ambika Hemant Shinde ◽  
Maheshawari Jagadishbhai Behere ◽  
Dhruvi Italiya ◽  
Soumya Haldar
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Water Sample ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
Aquaculture Pond ◽  
Aquaculture Ponds

Abstract For the detection of Vibrio bacteria, a kit involving two-step method was developed. In the in first step a specific media was added in the water sample which selectively promote the growth of vibrios and inhibit the growth of other bacteria. The second step involved addition of dye-based sensor (already developed in our previous work) in the sample which detect the active Vibrio and changed the colour of the sample to red/pink. The vibrio detection kit was optimized on five different species of Vibrio (V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus, V. campbellii, V. harveyi & V. proteolyticus) and two negative control bacteria (Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis). The kit was further evaluated on aquaculture pond water and probiotics used in aquaculture farms. It successfully estimated Vibrio concentration of all the five strains and in aquaculture ponds. The negative control bacteria and probiotics were not sensed by the kit. Hence, the kit developed here is perfect for the detection of Vibrio, especially in aquaculture farms.

Study on Two-Step Method for Robot Dynamics Parameters Calibration

2012 ◽  
Vol 605-607 ◽  
pp. 1557-1562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Xuan Jia ◽  
Tong Li ◽  
Gang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Method ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Robot Dynamics ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Multidimensional Matrix ◽  
Pseudo Inverse

In order to obtain accurate dynamics parameters, a two-step method for robot dynamics parameters calibration is presented. In the first step a multidimensional matrix is constituted through transforming the configurations of robot manipulators and the product of quality and centroid coordinate about links is solved by using the least square method. In the second step decoupling dynamic equation of robot is deduced based on Newton-Euler algorithm, and through planning specific joint movement, the inertia tensor and centroid coordinate of robot links are calibrated making use of the pseudo inverse method. By the above two steps, the entire calibration of robot dynamic parameters is achieved. The correctness and feasibility of the presented calibration method is manifested by simulations and experiments.

Incomplete discontinuous Markov processes

1965 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 69-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Moyal
Keyword(s):  
Markov Processes ◽  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Step Method ◽  
The Third ◽  
Method Of Solution

Summary The present paper generalizes the results of the author's paper [2] on “Discontinuous Markov processes” to processes that are incompletely specified. These results are then used to develop a step-by-step method of solution for processes involving several kinds of “jumps”, where at the first step one solves for the transition probabilities involving jumps of the first kind, but not of the second, third, etc., at the second step for transition probabilities involving jumps of the first and second, but not the third, fourth, etc. kinds, and so on. Some examples are given.

A Two-Step Method to Solve the Motor Train-Set Circulation Problem

2014 ◽  
Vol 505-506 ◽  
pp. 820-826
Author(s):  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Lei Shan Zhou ◽  
Zi Xi Bai ◽  
Yun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Problem ◽  
New Method ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Computational Results ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Operational Model ◽  
Hungarian Algorithm ◽  
Circulation Problem ◽  
Passenger Dedicated Line

This paper deals with the optimization problem of motor train-set in dedicated passenger line, a motor train-set operational model was proposed and maintenance constraint was considered . To solve this model and utilize the motor train-set efficiently, we described a two-step method and the problem was divided into two sub-problems: one is to make sub-routings and another is to combine these sub-routings to new circulations. First step the Hungarian algorithm was used to get circulations of the motor train-set without considering maintenance constraint and the circulations will be divided into several sub-routings by the constraint of maintenance. In order to utilize the motor train-set more balanced, the second step is to combine these sub-routing to new circulations by path exchange rules. This approach was evaluated on the Jing-Hu Passenger Dedicated Line, the computational results show that this new method is feasible and we provide a new idea to solve such problems.

scholarly journals New bio-polyol based on white mustard seed oil for rigid PUR-PIR foams

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Paciorek-Sadowska ◽  
Marcin Borowicz ◽  
Bogusław Czupryński ◽  
Ewa Tomaszewska ◽  
Joanna Liszkowska
Keyword(s):  
Acid Number ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mustard Oil ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Mustard Seed ◽  
White Mustard ◽  
Step Method ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Polyurethane Composites ◽  
C Nmr

AbstractA new bio-polyol based on white mustard oil (Synapis alba) and 2,2′-mercaptodiethanol (2,2′-MDE) was obtained. The synthesis was carried out by two-step method. In the first stage, the double bond of the unsaturated fatty acid residues was oxidized, and in the second step the epoxy rings were opened with 2,2’-MDE. The properties of the obtained bio-polyol for application as raw material in polyurethane-polyisocyanurate foams (PUR-PIR) - hydroxyl number, acid number, density, viscosity, pH, water content, FTIR,1H NMR and13C NMR were investigated. Based on the obtained results, foaming formulations containing 0 to 0.6 R of the new bio-polyol were prepared. Significant impact of bio-polyol on apparent density, compressive strength, brittleness, flammability, water absorption and thermal conductivity of polyurethane composites were noted. Modified foam had better functional properties than reference foam e.g. lower brittleness, better thermal insulation properties and better fire resistance.

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