ERYTHRONEURA LEAFHOPPERS FROM BIRCHES IN NEW BRUNSWICK: II. SUBGENUS ERATONEURA (HOMOPTERA: CICADELLIDAE)

1967 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 570-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. W. Varty
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Birch Trees

AbstractIn New Brunswick at least nine species of Erythroneura leafhoppers feed and oviposit on birch trees. The appearance and ecological requirements of two species in the subgenus Eratoneura are described.

NINE YEARS OF DEVELOPMENTS IN A MATURE MIXEDWOOD STAND, GREEN RIVER NEW BRUNSWICK

1960 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Green River ◽  
Growth Capacity ◽  
Birch Trees

Growth data collected on three permanent one-acre sample plots, established in a mixedwood stand in northwestern New Brunswick in 1947 and remeasured in 1956, indicate (1) growth capacity of the site may be as high as 79 cubic feet per acre per year, (2) birch trees weakened by dieback do not provide much competition to softwoods and (3) because of the mortality of birch attributed to birch dieback, the stand is evolving from a mature mixedwood towards an irregularly-aged softwood stand.

LEAFHOPPERS OF THE SUBFAMILY TYPHLOCYBINAE FROM BIRCHES

1967 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. W. Varty
Keyword(s):  
Life Histories ◽  
Main Species ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Birch Trees

AbstractMany of the small leafhoppers that feed and reproduce upon the foliage of birch trees belong to the subfamily Typhlocybinae. The main species are Typhlocyba hockingensis Knull, T. pomaria McAtee, Ribautiana foliosa (Knull), Edwardsiana bergmani (Tullgren), Empoa latifasciata Christian, Dikrella cruentata (Gillette), Alebra albostriella (Fallen) and several Erythroneura species. Their ecological requirements and life histories are described. Notes on morphology and illustrations of each species except the Erythroneura are included.

Review of methods of slag removal from melt surface in hot metal and steel ladles

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 1243-1252
Author(s):  
B. A. Sivak ◽  
A. V. Protasov ◽  
L. A. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Settling Tank ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Hot Metal ◽  
Slag Removal ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Technological Methods

The removal of slag from melt surface of hot metal and steel ladles is a necessary condition to provide a deep desulphurization and dephosphorization of hot metal and steel in the process of their processing. A review of methods of slag skimming presented, mainly based on slag mechanical shoveling and its removal out of ladles by vacuum sucking. It was shown, that manipulators design for the slag skimming working instrument moving depends on the production scale, mass of the processed heats, amount and properties of the slag to be removed, production process intensity and ecological requirements. Peculiarities of designs and technical parameters of machines for slag skimming presented, designed by Irkutsk plant of heavy machinery, Scientific and Production Enterprise n.a. M.I. Platov, VNIIMETMASH, Kuznetsk and Novolipetsk steel plants. Technological methods of control of slag composition and physical properties considered, first of all of viscosity and fluidity, which have significant effect on selection of a method of slag skimming. Advantages and drawbacks of actions, aimed at more complete slag removal from metal surface by a scraper noted including bath blowing off by an inert gas, liquid slag tapping into am intermediate settling tank following its removal into a slag bowl. In case of satisfactory fluidity it is possible to slag removal by vacuum sucking, which at the same time promoted the melt degassing. Work done in this area abroad noted. Methods of vacuum slag removal developed in the USA and Japan described.

Book Reviews

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-95
Author(s):  
Ulrike Flader ◽  
Vera Ecarius-Kelly ◽  
Clemence SCALBERT-YÜCEL ◽  
Michael M. Gunter ◽  
Tozun Bahcheli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Rutgers University ◽  
Ashgate Publishing ◽  
Kurdish Question ◽  
Newcastle Upon Tyne

Cengiz Gunes and Welat Zeydanlıoğlu (eds.), The Kurdish Question in Turkey: New Perspectives on Violence, Representation and Reconciliation, London: Routledge, 2014, 288 pp., (ISBN: 978-0-415-83015-7).Almas Heshmati and Nabaz T. Khayyat, Socio-Economic Impacts of Landmines in Southern Kurdistan, Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2013, 341 pp., (ISBN: 978-1-4438-4198-6).Estelle Amy de la Bretèque, Paroles Mélodisées: Récits épiques et lamentations chez les Yézidis d’Arménie (Melodised speech. Heroic songs and laments among the Yezidis of Armenia), Paris: Classiques Garnier, 2013, 230pp., (ISBN: 978-2-8124-0787-1).Diane E. King, Kurdistan on the Global Stage: Kinship, Land, and Community in Iraq, New Brunswick and London: Rutgers University Press, 2014. 286 pp., (ISBN: 9780813563534).Michael M. Gunter and Mohammed M.A. Ahmed (eds.), The Kurdish Spring: Geopolitical Changes and the Kurds, Costa Mesa: Mazda Publishers, 2013, 344 pp., (ISBN: 978-1568592725).Derya Bayır, Minorities and Nationalism in Turkish Law, Surrey: Ashgate Publishing House, 2013, 314 pp., (ISBN: 9781409420071).

AN IMPROVED ARMORED VEHICLE KRAZ “FIONA” NOISE SILENCER

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Fedorov ◽  
Vasyl’ Yanovsky ◽  
Dmytro Kovalshuk
Keyword(s):  
Noise Reduction ◽  
Speed Of Sound ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Environmental Aspect ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Armored Vehicle

Ecological requirements for cars grow from year to year, both in the world as a whole, and in Ukraine in particular. This is especially true of noise pollution. Additionally, noise reduction becomes relevant, taking into account the conduct of military operations during the last 5 years on the territory of Ukraine. The war has caused a special need for military vehicles for which masking properties are vital. Noise is a serious disincentive factor. Therefore, its reduction for a military vehicle, apart from the environmental aspect, is of a purely military nature, that is, it is extremely important. The car has many sources of noise there are many ways to deal with them. One of the most powerful source of noise is the sleeping bag. This kind of noise is reduced by means of silencers of noise. The vast majority of silencer data in the basis of its design has a reactive (or resonant) muffler. To calculate the jet silencer you must know the speed of sound in the sleeping bags. In order to increase the acoustic efficiency of reactive and resonant mufflers of exhaust gases noise of the ICE of cars, an experimental method was proposed for determining the speed of sound in the sleighs. Implementation of the method is carried out by measuring the attenuation of acoustic waves. The noise level of the bedrooms is measured without silencer and silencer. Based on the data obtained, the noise reduction performance of the residual is established. From the well-known formula, based on the calculation of the efficiency of the silencing of a jet muffler, a formula is obtained for calculating the speed of sound in the sleeping quays. In this formula, all parameters are known: the level of silencer efficiency, the noise level of the sleeping, the ratio of areas of cross sections of the muffler and the inlet pipe and the length of the muffler. The sound speed thus established can continue to be used not only for engines of the type for which measurements and calculations were made, but also with a certain approximation for some other types of engines. This method provides high accuracy for determining the required parameter. In the given work on the example of the armored car KrAZ “Fiona” the calculation of efficiency increase of the reactive silencer is made due to the above-mentioned method. Also, the projected decrease in the external noise level of the KrAZ Armored Vehicle “Fiona” is considered by determining the speed of sound in the recesses on the trunk cycle on the road with acceleration up to speed of 50 km/h (75 km/h) and the movement with this speed, as well as when driving at a speed of 45 km/h. Keywords: transport, armored car, internal combustion engine, exhaust, exhaust gases, noise, source, acoustic efficiency, acoustic efficiency, speed of sound, jet muffler.

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