Growth and Development of Coccinellid Larvae on Dry Foods (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 760-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Coleomegilla Maculata ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Maidis ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Pea Aphids ◽  
Pollen Mixture ◽  
Natural Foods

AbstractTen species of predatory coccinellids representing seven genera were reared from the first-instar larva to the adult stage on dry powdered aphids. Dry pea aphids, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harr.), and corn aphids, Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch), were both superior to bean aphids, Aphis fabae Scop., for growing coccinellid larvae. Though Anatis mali Auct. grew equally well on A. pisum and R. maidis, the larvae generally lived longer when starved after feeding on R. maidis. Dry aphids were as good as living aphids for growing A. mali and Coleomegilla maculata lengi Timberlake. C. maculata grew as well in darkness as in light, and an aphid–pollen mixture was superior to either component alone. Three generations of C. maculata were reared on a yeast diet and this diet is the most promising food for use to supplement natural foods in the field. An arrangement of coccinellid species on the basis of their food specificity does not correspond to the current phylogenetic arrangement, as the taxonomically primitive tribe Coccinellini contains both generalized and selective feeders.

Effects of Food on the Longevity, Fecundity, and Development of Adult Coccinellids (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (9) ◽  
pp. 910-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Coleomegilla Maculata ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Adult Weight ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Maidis ◽  
Pea Aphids

AbstractAccess to drinking water increased the longevity of Coccinella trifasciata perplexa Muls. by about 35%. The water content of field-collected insects was 70% and of laboratory-fed insects 64%. Rate of loss of water increased, and longevity decreased when protein was absent from the food.Anatis mali Auct. lived more than 1000 days and Coleomegilla maculata lengi Timberlake lived more than 400 days when fed on various synthetic foods. Seven of 13 species tested kid eggs when fed on these foods. A diet containing desiccated liver was the best non-prey food supplement for reproduction, and adults of three generations of C. maculata were kept on this food.A. mali preferred dry powdered pea aphids, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harr.), to either bean aphids. Aphis fabae Scop., or corn aphids, Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch), whereas C. maculata preferred corn pollen to aphids and A. pisum and R. maidis to A. fabae. Previous feeding did not affect the preference of either A. mali or C. maculata for dry aphids or pollen. C. maculata produced six eggs per mg. of food while feeding on A. pisum and four on R. maidis. Young adults ate more than older adults.The rate of food intake was highest in A. mali during the first two weeks and in C. maculata during the first eight days after emergence. The living weight and dry weight of feeding C. maculata adults increased for eight days and then did not vary, whereas the water content decreased in this period. The index of relative growth was about 0.10 mg. per day per mg. of adult weight and food efficiency was about 0.18 mg. per mg. of food.

A TECHNIQUE FOR REARING COCCINELLID BEETLES ON DRY FOODS, AND INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS POLLENS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF COLEOMEGILLA MACULATA LENGI TIMB. (COLEOPTERA:COCCINELLIDAE)

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1047-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Instar Larva ◽  
Coleomegilla Maculata ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Maidis ◽  
First Instar

A technique is described for rearing a coccinellid on a dry, particulate food. Coleomegilla maculata lengi Timb. (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae) was reared from first-instar larva to adult on the pollens of corn, gray birch, hemp, and hornbeam, and on the dried and powdered nymphs and adults of Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch.) (Homoptera:Aphididae).

scholarly journals Diversity of aphid pests on the crops in Kanchanpur district, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Mahadev Bista
Keyword(s):  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Maidis ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽  
Macrosiphum Rosae ◽  
Different Parts

A survey was conducted to explore the aphid pests’ diversity in Kanchanpur district, far-western, Nepal from April 2018 to March 2019. A total of 15 aphid pests were collected and identified, viz. Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), Aphis craccivora (Koch), Aphis gossypii (Glover), Aphis fabae (Scopoli), Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe, Brevicoryne brassicae (Linnaeus), Lipaphis erysmi (Kaltenbach), Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), Macrosiphum rosae (Linnaeus), Myzus persicae (Sulzer), Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch), Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus), Rhopalosiphum rufiadominale (Sasaki), Uroleucon compositae (Theobald), and the guava aphid. Exploration of aphid pests showed that they caused serious damages to agricultural crops by attacking different parts of plants.

LIFE TABLES AND INTRINSIC RATES OF INCREASE OF APTEROUS BLACK BEAN APHIDS AND PEA APHIDS, ON BROAD BEAN (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE)

1972 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 1717-1722 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. Frazer
Keyword(s):  
Survival Data ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Life Tables ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Black Bean ◽  
Pea Aphids

AbstractLife tables were prepared from daily fecundity and survival data on 69 apterous black bean aphids, Aphis fabae Scopoli, and 47 apterous pea aphids, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris). Both were on broad beans in 20° ± 0.5 °C, 70–80% R.H., and 16 hr light per day. The intrinsic rates of natural increase (rm) computed from the life tables were 0.359 ♀/♀ day for the bean aphid and 0.404 ♀/♀ day for the pea aphid. Mortality was not important in determining the rates of increase because very few aphids died during their reproductive periods. Only 5 of 116 reproducing aphids died, all from inability to extrude nymphs which had died before bursting their embryonic membranes. These nymphs became covered with a discharge from the mother which cemented them in place and prevented the birth of succeeding nymphs. The resulting engorged females died in 3–4 days.An analysis of and comparison with life tables of two other aphid species in addition to those produced here showed that the differences in rm were due almost entirely to differences in fecundity. Two fecundity patterns, correlated with aphid phylogeny, were recognized.

scholarly journals First instar larvae of endemic Australian Miltogramminae (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Szpila ◽  
Kinga Walczak ◽  
Nikolas P. Johnston ◽  
Thomas Pape ◽  
James F. Wallman
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Maxillary Palpus ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Thoracic And Abdominal ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe first instar larva of a species of the Australian endemic genus Aenigmetopia Malloch is described for the first time, along with the first instar larvae of three other Australian species representing the genera Amobia Robineau-Desvoidy and Protomiltogramma Townsend. Larval morphology was analysed using a combination of light microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The following morphological structures are documented: pseudocephalon, antennal complex, maxillary palpus, facial mask, modifications of thoracic and abdominal segments, anal region, spiracular field, posterior spiracles and details of the cephaloskeleton. Substantial morphological differences are observed between the three genera, most notably in the labrum and mouthhooks of the cephaloskeleton, sensory organs of the pseudocephalon, spinulation, sculpture of the integument and form of the spiracular field. The first instar larval morphology of Aenigmetopia amissa Johnston, Wallman, Szpila & Pape corroborates the close phylogenetic affinity of Aenigmetopia Malloch with Metopia Meigen, inferred from recent molecular analysis. The larval morphology of Amobia auriceps (Baranov), Protomiltogramma cincta Townsend and Protomiltogramma plebeia Malloch is mostly congruent with the morphology of Palaearctic representatives of both genera.

The Hydraenidae of Cuba (Insecta: Coleoptera) II: Morphology of preimaginal stages of six species and notes on their biology

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4238 (4) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALBERT DELER-HERNÁNDEZ ◽  
JUAN A. DELGADO
Keyword(s):  
Instar Larva ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Preimaginal Stages ◽  
First Time ◽  
Third Instar Larvae

Preimaginal stages of the six species of Hydraenidae presently known from Cuba were obtained by rearing adults in the laboratory. Eggs of Hydraena perkinsi Spangler, 1980, H. decui Spangler, 1980 and H. franklyni Deler-Hernández & Delgado, 2012 are described and illustrated for the first time. The first instar larva of Gymnochthebius fossatus (LeConte, 1855) is redescribed, adding some new remarkable morphological characters including what could be the first abdominal egg-burster reported for this family. All larval instars of H. perkinsi, H. guadelupensis Orchymont, 1923 and Ochthebius attritus LeConte, 1878 are described and illustrated for the first time, with a special emphasis on their chaetotaxy. The second instar larva of G. fossatus along with first and third instar larvae of H. decui and H. franklyni are also studied for the first time. The pupal morphology and vestiture of a species belonging to the genus Hydraena are described for the first time, based on the pupa of H. perkinsi. Biological notes for several preimaginal stages of the studied species are also given. 

Morphology of the first instar larva of Bradysia tritici (Diptera : Sciaridae)

1985 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bischof ◽  
A.L.P. Perondini ◽  
H.O. Gutzeit
Keyword(s):  
Instar Larva ◽  
First Instar

CHAETOPHLEPSIS NASELLENSIS, A DIPTEROUS PARASITOID OF THE WESTERN HEMLOCK LOOPER (LEPIDOPTERA: GEOMETRIDAE)

1977 ◽  
Vol 109 (8) ◽  
pp. 1121-1128
Author(s):  
Richard D. Medley ◽  
V. M. Carolin
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Western Hemlock Looper ◽  
Lambdina Fiscellaria Lugubrosa ◽  
Hemlock Looper

AbstractPreserved material from 1962 field studies provided information on the habits and morphology of the tachinid parasitoid Chaetophlepsis nasellensis Reinhard. Parasitization of the larvae of the western hemlock looper, Lambdina fiscellaria lugubrosa (Hulst), continues over a 30- to 40-day period. Maggots issue from the host larvae and drop to the ground to pupate. The pupae normally overwinter, with adults emerging the following spring or summer. The early first-instar larva differs markedly from the late first-instar. The three instars can be distinguished on the basis of body length and the structure and form of the buccopharyngeal apparatus. The first and third larval instars and the puparium are distinctive enough to permit easy identification during studies of the western hemlock looper and associated loopers.

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