The Life History and Habits of Chrysomela crotchi Brown (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Northwestern Ontario

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 541-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. P. Smereka
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Predator Species ◽  
Control Factors ◽  
Northwestern Ontario ◽  
History Of ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Overwintering Mortality ◽  
Larval Parasites

AbstractThe life history of Chrysomela crotchi, a univoltine species commonly found on trembling aspen, was studied in northwestern Ontario from 1959 to 1962. The most striking feature of its life history was the longevity of adults, which were capable of overwintering two successive years. Overwintered adults became active and began feeding in late May, and oviposition occurred from early June to late July. The incubation period was approximately 10 days and the three larval instars required approximately one month for development to the adult stage.Females laid more eggs during their second season and the highest number laid was 326. The number of eggs in an egg mass averaged 37.6, and the average interval between the deposition of egg masses was 4 days. Males and females mated more than once, but only one mating was necessary for a female to produce viable eggs throughout the season. Males were capable of fertilizing more than one female and remained potent for more than one season.Parasitism was low, and only two species of larval parasites were reared. Several predator species were observed preying on the immature stages. Predation and overwintering mortality appeared to be the most important control factors.

Maturation, reproduction and early life history of anglerfish Lophius piscatorius in Faroese waters

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lise H. Ofstad ◽  
Torstein Petersen ◽  
Petur Steingrund
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Nursery Ground ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Morphological Transformation ◽  
Spawning Areas ◽  
History Of ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
First Maturity

<p>Maturation, reproduction and early life history of <em>Lophius piscatorius </em>was investigated in Faroese waters. Length at first maturity (L50) was 58 cm for males and 84 cm for females, corresponding to an age of about four years for males and seven years for females. The proportions of females and males were similar in fish less than 55 cm long, and were skewed towards more males in medium sized fish (55–75  cm).  Females  were  predominant  in the larger fish (&gt; 85 cm). Observations of spawning males and females, egg ribbons and pelagic anglerfish larvae, suggest that the main spawning season is from February to April and the spawning area seems to be southwest of the Faroe Plateau and in the Faroe Bank area. The Faroe Plateau probably serves as a nursery ground for juvenile anglerfish. Morphological transformation from larvae to juveniles occurred when the fish were about 7–9 cm long and they settled to the bottom when they were about 11 cm long. Thus, all life stages, as well as nursery areas, spawning areas and feeding areas of anglerfish are found in Faroese waters, indicating a separate stock in the area.</p>

Survival and dispersal of young larvae of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepi-doptera: Pyralidae) in two cultivars of sorghum

1983 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Chapman ◽  
S. Woodhead ◽  
E. A. Bernays
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Chilo Partellus ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Vulnerable Period ◽  
History Of

AbstractThe establishment and survival of larvae of Chilo partellus (Swinh.) on two sorghum cultivars in the six days after hatching was investigated in the field in India. During this period relatively few larvae are present outside the whorls of the plants, and the numbers present six hours and three days after hatching are proportional to the numbers hatching. The number of larvae in the plants declines during these first three days, but subsequently is stable. Some dispersal to adjacent plants occurs during this period and, at the plant spacing used, approximately seven plants were infested by larvae from a single egg-mass of 40 eggs. The relative susceptibilities of the two cultivars, IS 1151 and IS 2205, altered with the age and size of the plants. This is a vulnerable period in the life-history of the insect and attention should be focused on it in developing resistant cultivars, but because the susceptibility of the plants changes with age it is important to decide the age at which protection would have the greatest economic value.

The Occurrence, Ecology and Life History of Tigriopus fulvus (Fischer)

1936 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Single Female ◽  
Isle Of Man ◽  
History Of ◽  
Copepodid Stage

The peculiar and exacting environment of Tigriopus fulvus is discussed and a census of Tigriopus from a series of pools in the Isle of Man is given.Experiments have been made determining the resistance of Tigriopus to desiccation and its revival in favourable circumstances.The life history has been worked out, times taken in development noted, and the various stages compared and contrasted with those described by Guiglia.Sex can be determined at the fourth copepodid stage. Females are normally fertilised as fifth copepodids, but the males are not functional until the adult stage. A single female may produce several egg sacs giving rise to living nauplii from a single fertilisation.There is no evidence for parthenogenesis.

scholarly journals Life History of an Endangered Marine InsectHalovelia septentrionalisEsaki (Hemiptera: Veliidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terumi Ikawa ◽  
Aika Nakazawa
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Rocky Shore ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Marine Water ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Water Striders ◽  
Conservation Measures ◽  
Japanese Coast ◽  
History Of

Halovelia septentrionalisEsaki is one of the endangered marine water striders found along the Japanese coast. It is of primary importance to investigate its life history in the field so as to develop conservation measures as well as to understand how this species has adapted to marine environments. We studied its life history in Misaki on the southern part of the Miura Peninsular near Tokyo, ca. 35°N, probably the northernmost locality not only forH. septentrionalisbut also for anyHaloveliaspecies, most of which are found in warm tropical or subtropical waters. The southern part of the Miura Peninsular has jagged coastlines with deep inner bays. Adults and nymphs were found skating along the rocky shore of inner bays with overhanging vegetation nearby. This species appeared to have at least 2 generations a year and to overwinter in the adult stage. We discussed its overwintering strategy in comparison to those of two other Japanese marine water striders.

scholarly journals Ancient androdioecy in the freshwater crustacean Eulimnadia

2005 ◽  
Vol 273 (1587) ◽  
pp. 725-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen C Weeks ◽  
Thomas F Sanderson ◽  
Sadie K Reed ◽  
Magdalena Zofkova ◽  
Brenton Knott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Mating System ◽  
Breeding System ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
System Evolution ◽  
Mating System Evolution ◽  
History Of ◽  
Freshwater Crustacean ◽  
Males And Females

Among the variety of reproductive mechanisms exhibited by living systems, one permutation—androdioecy (mixtures of males and hermaphrodites)—is distinguished by its rarity. Models of mating system evolution predict that androdioecy should be a brief stage between hermaphroditism and dioecy (separate males and females), or vice versa. Herein we report evidence of widespread and ancient androdioecy in crustaceans in the genus Eulimnadia , based on observations of over 33 000 shrimp from 36 locations from every continent except Antarctica. Using phylogenetic, biogeographical and palaeontological evidence, we infer that androdioecy in Eulimnadia has persisted for 24–180 million years and has been maintained through multiple speciation events. These results suggest that androdioecy is a highly successful aspect of the life history of these freshwater crustaceans, and has persisted for orders of magnitude longer than predicted by current models of this rare breeding system.

THE LIFE HISTORY OF TOUMEYELLA PINI (KING) (HOMOPTERA: COCCIDAE) IN LOBLOLLY PINE SEED ORCHARDS IN GEORGIA

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (10) ◽  
pp. 853-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Clarke ◽  
Gary L. DeBarr ◽  
C. Wayne Berisford
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Predation Rate ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
South Georgia ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Average Fecundity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Males And Females

AbstractThe striped pine scale, Toumeyella pini (King), had three generations per year in south Georgia. Females developed on snoots and males developed on needles of loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L. Generations overlapped and crawlers were most abundant in May, mid-July to early August, and late October to early November. The average fecundity was 1865 crawlers per female. Parasitism averaged ca. 15%, but the predation rate reached 50%. Coccophagus lycimnia Walker (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) was the most common parasitoid reared from both males and females. A pyralid larva, Laetitia coccidivora (Comstock), was a frequent predator of females.

Comparison of life histories of two deep-water sharks from eastern Australia: the piked spurdog and the Philippine spurdog

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra L. Rigby ◽  
Ross K. Daley ◽  
Colin A. Simpfendorfer
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
New South ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Species Specific

Deep-water sharks have low biological productivity and are vulnerable to exploitation with species-specific regional life history required to enable effective management. The present study describes the life history of two squalids collected from Australia: (1) the piked spurdog (Squalus megalops) from the tropical Great Barrier Reef; and (2) the Philippine spurdog (S. montalbani) from New South Wales. Maximum observed ages for males and females were 18 and 25 years for S. megalops and 28 and 27 years for S. montalbani. Multiple growth models were all well supported and indicated very slow growth rates for both species. The tropical S. megalops population was smaller and older at maturity than previously reported temperate populations. Males were mature at 352-mm stretched total length (LST) and 12.6 years, whereas females were mature at 422mm LST and 19.1 years. Squalus montalbani males were mature at 700mm LST and 21.8 years, whereas females were mature at 800mm LST and 26 years. Fecundity was lower for S. megalops than S. montalbani with two to three compared with nine to 16 embryos. Both species have a conservative life history, although in the event of overfishing the longer-lived, later-maturing and deeper-dwelling S. montalbani is likely to take longer to recover than S. megalops.

Life history of the spotted spiny lobster, Panulirus guttatus, an obligate reef-dweller

1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 687 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Sharp ◽  
John H. Hunt ◽  
William G. Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Life History ◽  
Carapace Length ◽  
Spiny Lobster ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Size At Maturity ◽  
Panulirus Guttatus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Initial Capture

Population dynamics of the spotted spiny lobster, Panulirus guttatus, were examined at Looe Key Reef, Florida, USA, from April 1987 to August 1989. The 347 lobsters captured (including recaptures), ranged from 9 mm (puerulus) to 75 mm carapace length (X = 54 mm CL). Pueruli settled all year round into small holes along the underside of the reef. All lobsters recaptured were found at the site of their initial capture; one was captured four times, all on the same reef spur, over 762 days. Adults sheltered within the reef during the day and foraged on top of the reef at night. Males and females were captured in equal proportions (1.2 M:1 F) from den entrances during the day; females were numerically dominant on foraging grounds at night (3 F:1 M). Reproduction occurred all year round but peaked between March and June; minimum size at maturity was 38 mm CL for females and 48 mm CL for males. The sheltering behaviour of P. guttatus, typically found on the ceiling of dens, contrasted markedly with that of the sympatric P. argus, typically found on the floor; both species used many of the same dens, but simultaneous co-occupancy was rare.

Oviposition periodicity, egg morphology and life history of large cabbage moth Crocidolomia pavonana population in Samoa

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
John B. Sulifoa ◽  
Sateki Fangupo ◽  
Rashmi Kant
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Trichogramma Chilonis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Egg Morphology ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Cabbage Moth

A study on the biology and behaviour of the Samoan population of Crocidolomia pavonana was carried out through a series of experiments. The study showed that C. pavonana completes its life cycle in 24-35 days. Female emerge, mate and oviposit (as egg mass) during the scotophase. The average size of egg mass was 9.0 ± 0.48 mm2 and the mean number of eggs oviposited were significantly (PC. pavonana oviposits small egg masses. This information could be used to develop effective pest management using the recently identified egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis.

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