Discrimination Between Parasitized and Unparasitized House Fly Pupae by Females of Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Wylie
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Heart Beat ◽  
House Fly ◽  
Female Parasite ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis ◽  
Physical Conditions

AbstractFemales of Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) laid fewer eggs on parasitized than on unparasitized pupae of the house fly, Musca domestica L. Chemical and/or physical conditions of parasitized pupae are detected by the female’s ovipositor, causing this restraint. These conditions may in part result from the host’s death, caused by earlier parasitization, but other factors are also involved. These may include venom injected by the female parasite before she lays, and internal injury to the host resulting from insertion of the parasite’s ovipositor. The female parasite does not discriminate because of physical or chemical traces on the surface of parasitized puparia, of eggs or a surface wound on the pupa, or of absence of heart beat in the pupa.

Effects of Superparasitism on Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Wylie
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
House Fly ◽  
Food Shortage ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis ◽  
Rate Of Development

AbstractSuperparasitism created a food shortage and thereby reduced survival and size of adult Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) reared on pupae of the house fly, Musca domestica L. Superparasitism also reduced the percentage of females in the adult progeny but had no effect on rate of development, ability to emerge, or incidence of diapause in N. vitripennis.

CONTROL OF EGG FERTILIZATION BY NASONIA VITRIPENNIS (HYMENOPTERA: PTEROMALIDAE) WHEN LAYING ON PARASITIZED HOUSE FLY PUPAE

1973 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 709-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Wylie
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
House Fly ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis ◽  
House Flies

AbstractFemales of Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) lay a smaller percentage of fertilized (i.e. female) eggs on house fly, Musca domestica L., pupae previously parasitized by their own species, by Muscidifurax zaraptor K. & L., or by Spalangia cameroni Perk. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) than on unparasitized hosts. They respond to changes in the fly pupae associated with death, and in the case of house flies attacked by N. vitripennis, to "venoms" injected at that time or to changes unrelated to death. By not fertilizing eggs that they lay on attacked hosts, the females also conserve sperm, for immature N. vitripennis on previously-attacked fly pupae are usually killed by parasite larvae already present.

Effect of Host Age on Rate of Development of Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)

1964 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
pp. 1023-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Wylie
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
House Fly ◽  
Host Age ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Development Period

AbstractDevelopment time for the parasite Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) was shorter on young pupae (less than 48 hours old at 24.5 ± 0.5 °C) than on older pupae of the house fly, Musca domestica L. This was primarily because of intrinsic differences between young and old house-fly pupae as hosts. Though less important, two other conditions in young hosts favoured a shorter mean development period for N. vitripennis: first, the smaller proportion of very small parasites, which mature more slowly than the larger ones; and, second, the greater number of parasite larvae per host, which is associated with more rapid development in this species.

THE STATUS OF NASONIA VITRIPENNIS AS A NATURAL PARASITE OF THE HOUSE FLY, MUSCA DOMESTICA

1967 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. F. Legner
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
House Fly ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Natural Control ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis ◽  
The Status

AbstractInferences regarding the value of Nasonia vitripennis in the natural control of Musca domestica based on laboratory research should consider the general absence of this parasite on that host in nature. Predominant natural parasites of M. domestica are listed.

Some Ecological Attributes of a Pteromalid Parasite and its Housefly Host

1963 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. P. Nagel ◽  
David Pimentel
Keyword(s):  
Cell Population ◽  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Female Parasite ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Percentage Parasitism ◽  
Ecological Attributes ◽  
Population Cage ◽  
Female Longevity ◽  
Male Parasite

AbstractThe habits and dispersal of the pteromalid parasite Nasonia vitripennis and its housefly host, Musca domestica, and their density relationships were investigated. Male parasite longevity averaged 1.62 days and female longevity 6.96 days. The average number of progeny per female parasite was 139.8. When 25 pairs of parasites were placed with 300 housefly pupae of three sizes, the percentage parasitism was 45.0 for the small (less than 2.0 mm. in diameter), 72.8 for the medium (from 2.0 to 2.5 mm.), and 65.7 for the large (greater than 2.5 mm.). The number of parasites produced per parasitized pupa was 2.20 for the small, 4.30 for the medium, and 6.11 for the large pupae. Increasing the extent of superparasitism produced significantly smaller parasite progeny. A significantly greater normal mortality occurred in small housefly pupae (21.5 per cent) compared with either the medium (6.3 per cent) or the large (5.2 per cent).The parasite dispersed significantly faster when unfed than when fed. Housefly pupae which had been previously exposed to parasites also stimulated the tendency for subsequent parasite emigration. Housefly dispersal was found to be density-dependent under the experimental conditions of the multi-cell population cage.With an increasing parasite-host ratio the rate of parasitization increased until all hosts at a 1 to 1 ratio were parasitized in 24 hours; percentage of parastized hosts producing parasites reached a peak of 71 per cent at the 1 to 2 ratio; and above the 10 to 1 ratio all parasite progeny died due to super-parasitism.

Some Effects of Female Parasite Size on Reproduction of Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)

1966 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Wylie
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Female Parasite ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis ◽  
Egg Maturation ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Maturation Rate

AbstractSmall females of the parasite Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) parasitized fewer hosts (housefly, Musca domestica L.) than larger ones during their lifetime because they had both a shorter life span and a lower rate of parasitization. The latter resulted primarily from a lower egg maturation rate. As females reared from superparasitized hosts are on the average smaller than those reared from non-superparasitized ones, these effects of parasite size reduce the rate of increase of N. vitripennis at high parasite:host ratios and result in greater stability in the interaction between the two species.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document