An Effect of Host Age on Female Longevity and Fecundity in Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)

1962 ◽  
Vol 94 (9) ◽  
pp. 990-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Wylie
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Tests ◽  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Host Finding ◽  
Host Age ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Female Longevity ◽  
Biological Attributes

Preliminary tests showed that, though Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) can be propagated on housefly (Musca domestica (L.)) pupae at any stage of development, females parasitizing pupae less than 48 hours old, at 21.5°C., lived longer than those parasitizing older pupae. In view of the fact that the females always feed on the pupae after ovipositing on them, it seemed possible that the greater longevity of females parasitizing and feeding on young pupae had resulted from more suitable food provided by these pupae. As plans had heen made to investigate experimentally the host-finding capacity of this parasite species, it was essential that any effect of host age on this capacity, or on biological attributes of the parasite that influenced it, be standardized. Tests were therefore made to determine the effects, if any, of a host's age on the longevity and fecundity of female N. vitripennis laying and feeding on it.

Effect of Host Age on Rate of Development of Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)

1964 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
pp. 1023-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Wylie
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
House Fly ◽  
Host Age ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Development Period

AbstractDevelopment time for the parasite Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) was shorter on young pupae (less than 48 hours old at 24.5 ± 0.5 °C) than on older pupae of the house fly, Musca domestica L. This was primarily because of intrinsic differences between young and old house-fly pupae as hosts. Though less important, two other conditions in young hosts favoured a shorter mean development period for N. vitripennis: first, the smaller proportion of very small parasites, which mature more slowly than the larger ones; and, second, the greater number of parasite larvae per host, which is associated with more rapid development in this species.

SOME EFFECTS OF HOST SIZE ON NASONIA VITRIPENNIS AND MUSCIDIFURAX RAPTOR (HYMENOPTERA: PTEROMALIDAE)

1967 ◽  
Vol 99 (7) ◽  
pp. 742-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Wylie
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Host Size ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis

AbstractFemale Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) discover large housefly (Musca domestica L.) puparia more easily than small ones, and select for drilling a larger percentage of the large ones that they discover. If exposed only to small hosts instead of large ones, the parasites attack more of them in a given time, laying fewer eggs on each. This probably results because changes in parasitized hosts, leading to rejection by the females, occur sooner in small than in large fly pupae. Survival of immature N. vitripennis and of another pteromalid, Muscidifurax raptor G. & S., is greater on large hosts than on small ones. Sex ratio of both parasite species is unaffected by host size.

Factors That Affect Host Finding by Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae),

1958 ◽  
Vol 90 (10) ◽  
pp. 597-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Wylie
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Species ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Host Finding ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Insect Parasites

Adults of most species of insect parasites spend much time finding objects that influence their individual and collective well-being. The object found at any time is usually correlated with the physiological state of the parasite and with extrinsic factors existing at that time. From the standpoint of the species' economy, the most important objects to be discovered are hosts on which fertile parasite progeny can mature. Whether hosts are found and parasitized is influenced, to varying degrees with different parasite species, by whether the female has already found, or been found by, a male of the same species, and by whether she has already located food other than that provided by hosts. The present study is of factors that affect host finding by females of a pteromalid, Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.).

Some Ecological Attributes of a Pteromalid Parasite and its Housefly Host

1963 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. P. Nagel ◽  
David Pimentel
Keyword(s):  
Cell Population ◽  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Female Parasite ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Percentage Parasitism ◽  
Ecological Attributes ◽  
Population Cage ◽  
Female Longevity ◽  
Male Parasite

AbstractThe habits and dispersal of the pteromalid parasite Nasonia vitripennis and its housefly host, Musca domestica, and their density relationships were investigated. Male parasite longevity averaged 1.62 days and female longevity 6.96 days. The average number of progeny per female parasite was 139.8. When 25 pairs of parasites were placed with 300 housefly pupae of three sizes, the percentage parasitism was 45.0 for the small (less than 2.0 mm. in diameter), 72.8 for the medium (from 2.0 to 2.5 mm.), and 65.7 for the large (greater than 2.5 mm.). The number of parasites produced per parasitized pupa was 2.20 for the small, 4.30 for the medium, and 6.11 for the large pupae. Increasing the extent of superparasitism produced significantly smaller parasite progeny. A significantly greater normal mortality occurred in small housefly pupae (21.5 per cent) compared with either the medium (6.3 per cent) or the large (5.2 per cent).The parasite dispersed significantly faster when unfed than when fed. Housefly pupae which had been previously exposed to parasites also stimulated the tendency for subsequent parasite emigration. Housefly dispersal was found to be density-dependent under the experimental conditions of the multi-cell population cage.With an increasing parasite-host ratio the rate of parasitization increased until all hosts at a 1 to 1 ratio were parasitized in 24 hours; percentage of parastized hosts producing parasites reached a peak of 71 per cent at the 1 to 2 ratio; and above the 10 to 1 ratio all parasite progeny died due to super-parasitism.

Effects of Superparasitism on Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Wylie
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
House Fly ◽  
Food Shortage ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis ◽  
Rate Of Development

AbstractSuperparasitism created a food shortage and thereby reduced survival and size of adult Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) reared on pupae of the house fly, Musca domestica L. Superparasitism also reduced the percentage of females in the adult progeny but had no effect on rate of development, ability to emerge, or incidence of diapause in N. vitripennis.

OVIPOSITION RESTRAINT OF SPALANGIA CAMERONI (HYMENOPTERA: PTEROMALIDAE) ON PARASITIZED HOUSEFLY PUPAE

1972 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Wylie
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis

AbstractFemales of Spalangia cameroni Perk, use the ovipositor to differentiate between unparasitized and parasitized housefly (Musca domestica L.) pupae; and prefer to lay on unparasitized hosts instead of those attacked by S. cameroni, Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.), or Muscidifurax zaraptor K. & L. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). The intensities of oviposition restraint on the three kinds of attacked hosts are similar. Changes in parasitized pupae to which the female parasites react probably involve "venoms" injected by each species during oviposition.

CONTROL OF EGG FERTILIZATION BY NASONIA VITRIPENNIS (HYMENOPTERA: PTEROMALIDAE) WHEN LAYING ON PARASITIZED HOUSE FLY PUPAE

1973 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 709-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Wylie
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
House Fly ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis ◽  
House Flies

AbstractFemales of Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) lay a smaller percentage of fertilized (i.e. female) eggs on house fly, Musca domestica L., pupae previously parasitized by their own species, by Muscidifurax zaraptor K. & L., or by Spalangia cameroni Perk. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) than on unparasitized hosts. They respond to changes in the fly pupae associated with death, and in the case of house flies attacked by N. vitripennis, to "venoms" injected at that time or to changes unrelated to death. By not fertilizing eggs that they lay on attacked hosts, the females also conserve sperm, for immature N. vitripennis on previously-attacked fly pupae are usually killed by parasite larvae already present.

Effect of Host (Musca domestica Linnaeus) Age on the Pteromalid Parasite Nasonia vitripennis (Walker)

1966 ◽  
Vol 98 (11) ◽  
pp. 1226-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. Chabora ◽  
David Pimentel
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Oviposition Behavior ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis

AbstractAn investigation was made of the influence of age of the host (Musca domestica Linn.) in the pupal stage on the oviposition behavior and development of the pteromalid parasite Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.). Five age groups of hosts were employed in 10 pair combinations with an excess of hosts available for selection. Except for the 1-day-old hosts, more of the younger hosts of the combinations produced parasite progeny while the older hosts had a high percentage yielding neither fly nor parasite. Parasite production per pupa was 6.25 on the youngest hosts, with the number decreasing to 4.85 per host at 5 days. Hosts 2, 3, and 4 days old combined with 1-day-old hosts had higher rates of parasitism than when combined with hosts of other ages. The ranking for successful parasitization of hosts, by age of pupae, was 2, 3, 1, 4, and 5 days old.

Some Effects of Host Age on Parasitism by Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)

1963 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 881-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Wylie
Keyword(s):  
House Fly ◽  
Host Age ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis ◽  
Female Adult ◽  
Different Ages

AbstractMortality of immature Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) was least on young house fly pupae (less than 48 hours old, at 24.5 ± 0.5 °C.) and increased with increasing host age. Increased mortality on old hosts was manifested principally as a decrease in female adult progeny, numbers of adult males and of mature diapause larvae remaining approximately constant. Reduction in the percentage of females in the adult progeny reared on old hosts probably resulted from superparasitism. This kills more female than male larvae and occurred more commonly on old hosts, each of which provides a smaller quantity of suitable food for the immature parasites. Adults reared on old hosts were smaller and relatively fewer of them were able to emerge. The proportion of the total mature parasite progeny that remained in diapause was greater on old hosts, probably because of qualitative differences in the food provided by hosts of different ages.

scholarly journals Parasitóides de dípteros muscóides coletados no matadouro Alvorada em Itumbiara, sul de Goiás, Brasil

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos H. Marchiori ◽  
Alexandre S Leles ◽  
Selma A. De Carvalho ◽  
Renata F. Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis ◽  
Chrysomya Albiceps

Espécies de parasitóides associados com moscas sinantrópicas foram coletadas com auxílio de iscas de fígado bovino no matadouro Alvorada em Itumbiara, Estado de Goiás, de março a dezembro de 2005. As pupas foram removidas da areia, após usar iscas de fígado como substrato para atrair as moscas. Elas foram individualizadas em cápsulas de gelatina até a emergência dos adultos de moscas ou de seus parasitóides. A prevalência total de parasitismo foi 15,3%. A freqüência absoluta, porcentagem e espécies de parasitóides coletados foram: 205 exemplares (2,3%) de Aphaereta sp., 173 (80,0%) de Brachymeria podagrica, 578 (15,7%) Nasonia vitripennis, um (0,5%) de Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae, dois (0,9%) de Spalangia sp. e um (0,5%) de Trybliographa sp. A porcentagem de parasitismo apresentada pelos parasitóides de Aphaereta sp., B. podagrica, N. vitripennis, P. vindemmiae, Spalangia sp., e Trybliographa sp. foi de 0,4%, 12,3%, 2,4%, 0,1%, 0,1% e 0,1%, respectivamente. As espécies de dípteros parasitados foram: Chrysomya albiceps, C. megacephala, Musca domestica, Oxysarcodexia thornax, Peckia chrysostoma e Sarcodexia lambens.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document