Influence of Host Tree on Abundance of Itoplectis conquisitor (Say) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a Polyphagous Parasite of the European Pine Shoot Moth, Rhyacionia buoliana (Schiff.) (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae)

1962 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Arthur
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Host Tree ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Southern Ontario

The larvae of the European pine shoot moth, Rhyacionia buoliana (Schiff.), feed on several species of hard pines, of which the most economically important are red pine, Pinus resinosa Ait., and Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris L. Approximately one hundred million trees of each species mere planted in southern Ontario since 1905, most of them since 1925. Many pure and mixed stands are now infested by R. buoliana which has no apparent preference for either host tree.

Notes on the Parasites of Neodiprion nanulus Schedl (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)

1954 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Coppel
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
Beneficial Insects ◽  
Heavy Infestation

In collecting sawfly eggs, larvae, and cocoons for propagating beneficial insects at the Belleville laboratory, a heavy infestation of a pine sawfly, Neodiprion nanulus Schedl, was discovered in 1942 nine miles north of Belleville, on a 25-year-old plantation of red pine, Pinus resinosa Ait.; Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris L.; and jack pine, Pinus banksiana Lamb.From samples of the eggs collected in the spring of 1943, no parasites emerged.

Parasites of the European Pine Shoot Moth, Rhyacionia buoliana (Schiff.), in Ontario

1959 ◽  
Vol 91 (8) ◽  
pp. 478-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Y. Watson ◽  
A. P. Arthur
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Christmas Tree ◽  
The West ◽  
Southwestern Part ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Detailed Review ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Important Pest

The European pine shoot moth, Rhyacionia buoliana (Schiff.), was introduced accidentally into Ontario about 1925, and has since spread throughout the southwestern part of the province south of a line from the south shores of Georgian Bay on the west to Brockville on the east (Fig. 1). Damage to the host is done by the larvae, the feeding of which results in the deformation of the branches and main stems, reducing the potential value of the trees as timber and, in heavy infestations, making young trees unsuitable for the Christmas tree trade. Several species of exotic and native pines are attacked; red pine, Pinus resinosa hit,, Scots pine. P. sylvestris L., and Mugho pine, P. mugho Turra, being the most susceptible. Because of the extensive planting of Scots and red pine in southern Ontario, especially during the last 25 years, the increasing numbers of European pine shoot moth in this area present a problem of great importance. Contributing to an understanding of this important pest, this paper presents a detailed review of the parasites obtained in Ontario since 1954, with some notes on earlier surveys.

Models of 3D crown structure for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and silver birch (Betula pendula) grown in mixed forest

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1779-1794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Lintunen ◽  
Risto Sievänen ◽  
Pekka Kaitaniemi ◽  
Jari Perttunen
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Silver Birch ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Plant Structure ◽  
Tree Model ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Crown Structure

The interplay between plant structure and functioning determines vital plant characteristics, such as the efficiency of light capture by the foliage, and thus continuous efforts have attempted to include plant architecture in plant growth models. We constructed two crown structure models enabling the generation of 3D trees using simple tree measurements as input for Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) and silver birch ( Betula pendula Roth.), boreal species growing in mixed stands. The data for the models were obtained from sample-based digitizing of 3D crown architecture accompanied by characterizations of stem, branch, and foliage volumes and biomass. A set of equations was used to predict local crown characteristics on the basis of local predictors and tree-level input variables such as tree height, crown height, diameter at breast height, and the degree of competition. The 3D tree model was realized within the LIGNUM tree modelling framework. Comparison with data showed that the model adequately predicts the distribution of biomass into different crown components as well as the distribution of foliage within the tree crowns. The applicability of the simulations is at its best when examining Scots pine and silver birch trees growing on medium fertile mixed stands in Finland.

The Biology and Behaviour of the European Pine Shoot Moth, Rhyacionia buoliana (Schiff.), in Southern Ontario I. Adult

1961 ◽  
Vol 93 (12) ◽  
pp. 1098-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Pointing
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Accidental Introduction ◽  
Pine Species

The European pine shoot moth, Rhyacionia buoliana (Schiff.), has been recognized as a pest of pine plantations since it was described in 1776. Neugebauer (1952) stated that 32 susceptible pine species were known and that scarcely any species were rejected by the insect. Following its accidental introduction into North America about 50 years ago (Busck, 1914) the shoot moth became a serious pest of red pine, Pinus resinosa Ait., which appears to be the most susceptible species (Heikkenen and Miller, 1959). Watson (1947) described the shoot moth as “the most destructive insect affecting hard pines in southern Ontario, and the most difficult to control”. Plantations have been damaged so severely that the planting of red pine has been virtually discontinued within the pest's range.

scholarly journals Quantification of Conidia of Diplodia spp. Extracted from Red and Jack Pine Cones

Plant Disease ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel A. Munck ◽  
Glen R. Stanosz
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Diplodia Pinea ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Shoot Blight ◽  
Pine Cones ◽  
Canker Pathogens

Frequency of detection and inoculum production by the conifer shoot blight and canker pathogens Diplodia pinea and D. scrobiculata on cones of red pine (Pinus resinosa) and jack pine (P. banksiana) were studied. Cones were collected from the ground and from canopies of red and jack pine trees in mixed stands at three sites in each of two different locations during two consecutive summers in Wisconsin. Conidia were extracted in water, quantified, germination tested, and the Diplodia species present was determined using molecular methods. At least one pathogen was detected from each tree at each site in both years. Overall, more conidia were extracted from cones from canopies than cones from the ground and from red pine cones than jack pine cones. Both total numbers of conidia extracted and proportions of cones yielding D. pinea or D. scrobiculata varied by location and pine species. Cones from either the ground or canopies can be used for surveys to detect Diplodia spp. at a given site but cones from canopies may be more useful to determine the relative abundance of potentially available inoculum of these pathogens.

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) mortality is explained by the climatic suitability of both host tree and bark beetle populations

2019 ◽  
Vol 448 ◽  
pp. 119-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Jaime ◽  
Enric Batllori ◽  
Jordi Margalef-Marrase ◽  
María Ángeles Pérez Navarro ◽  
Francisco Lloret
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Host Tree ◽  
Climatic Suitability

The Seasonal Development of a Species of Conophthorus (Hopkins) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in the Shoots of Jack Pine, Pinus banksiana (Lamb.), in Ontario

1961 ◽  
Vol 93 (10) ◽  
pp. 936-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Herdy ◽  
J. B. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Host Tree ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Monterey Pine ◽  
Second Year

Two publications dealing with the seasonal development of species of Conophthorus have appeared in recent years. Lyons (1956) reported on a study of C. resinosae Hopk. in red pine, Pinus resinosa Ait., in Ontario, whereas Ruckes (1958) gave the details of his observations on C. radiatae Hopk. in Monterey pine, Pinus radiata D. Don, in California. Both species attack the developing cones of the host tree, although Lyons found that C. resinosae would develop in the shoots of red pine, and occasionally attacked the second-year cones of jack pine as well. The jack pine-inhabiting species, however, has been found almost exclusively in the shoots; only seven second-year cones that had been mined were collectcd during two years of investigation.

ON THE SPREAD OF FOMES ANNOSUS (FR.) CKE.

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1437-1445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Jorgensen
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Planting Stock ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
And Storage

Basidiospores of Fomes annosus (Fr.) Cke. were found to be wind-dispersed and to be deposited on soil, seedlings, tools, and other objects in the fields of the Provincial Forest Tree Nursery at St. Williams, Ontario.Spores deposited on the root systems and needles of red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) nursery seedlings remained viable and ungerminated for 8 weeks, while the seedlings were kept in shipping bales and storage. Direct infection of seedlings was not observed under these conditions. However, roots of recently cut trees were successfully infected with F. annosus, when basidiospores carried on seedlings were transferred to the surfaces of roots wounded in a planting process.The danger of the spread of Fomes root rot from southern Ontario into northern Ontario is discussed. A delay of 2 to 3 years in replanting cut-over areas is suggested as a possible preventive measure against the introduction of F. annosus with planting stock.

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