The Bionomics of Profenusa thomsoni (Konow) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) a Leaf-Mining Sawfly on Betula spp

1960 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 376-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lynton Martin
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Leaf Mining ◽  
Fenusa Pusilla ◽  
Profenusa Thomsoni ◽  
The Common

Infestations of Profenusa thomsoni (Konow) have occurred throughout most of northeastern, central, and southern Ontario since 1948 (Sippell, MacDonald, and Wallace, 1956), but before 1955 (Lindquist, 1955), its presence was not recognized because it was confused with the common birch leaf miner, Fenusa pusilla (Lep.).

EXOTIC BIRCH-LEAFMINING SAWFLIES (HYMENOPTERA: TENTHREDINIDAE) IN ALBERTA: DISTRIBUTIONS, SEASONAL ACTIVITIES, AND THE POTENTIAL FOR COMPETITION

1997 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott C. Digweed ◽  
John R. Spence ◽  
David W. Langor
Keyword(s):  
Urban Trees ◽  
Seasonal Activity ◽  
Mature Trees ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Rural Location ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Complete Representations ◽  
Fenusa Pusilla ◽  
Profenusa Thomsoni ◽  
Southern Alberta

AbstractThe exotic birch-leafmining sawflies Fenusa pusilla (Lepeletier), Profenusa thomsoni (Konow), and Heterarthrus nemoratus (Fallen) occurred in Alberta during 1992–1995, but only the first two were abundant. Birch-leafmining sawflies occurred at all sites surveyed in central and southern Alberta, and appeared to be expanding their ranges northward. Adult F. pusilla began emerging in mid-May (approximately 220 DD05), and there were one to three generations per year, depending on location and year. Female F. pusilla were relatively less abundant on young than on mature trees. Profenusa thomsoni began attacking trees in June (between 400 and 550 DD05), and was invariably univoltine. Both species were more abundant and were active earlier on urban trees than at a nearby rural location. The highest catches and most complete representations of seasonal activity were obtained using yellow sticky traps. Larval F. pusilla and P. thomsoni are unlikely to compete directly for leaf resources because their leafmining activities are separated spatially and temporally, but they probably compete intraspecifically.

scholarly journals The effect of an outbreak of the leaf miner Micrurapteryx salicifoliella on the performance of multiple Salix species in interior Alaska

Botany ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. 491-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Wagner ◽  
Patricia Doak
Keyword(s):  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Leaf Water Content ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
The Past ◽  
Interior Alaska ◽  
Leaf Mining ◽  
General Decline

The genus Salix L. tends to be tolerant of herbivory, but severe outbreaks of herbivorous insects may compromise growth. First documented in Alaska in 1991, the willow leaf blotch miner, Micrurapteryx salicifoliella, is now responsible for frequent and widespread foliar damage to Salix in interior Alaska. We experimentally tested the effect of leaf mining on the performance of four susceptible Salix species across two years of outbreak, and placed the results in the context of a broader survey of leaf mining damage. Across the four species, reduction of leaf mining damage increased average stem elongation, numbers of leaves per shoot, and leaf area. Leaf mining damage was negatively related to leaf water content; a consequence of the leaf miner’s habit of breaching the cuticle on the underside of leaves. Growth deficits due to leaf mining are likely caused by both the loss of leaf tissue to leaf miner feeding and subsequent leaf desiccation. The results are notable in the context of a general decline in productivity in interior Alaska over the past few decades and because the leaf miner impacts Salix species also used by vertebrate browsers of cultural and economic importance, such as moose.

PARASITES AND PREDATORS OF THE BIRCH LEAF MINER, FENUSA PUSILLA (HYMENOPTERA: TENTHREDINIDAE), IN QUEBEC

1969 ◽  
Vol 101 (8) ◽  
pp. 839-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. Cheng ◽  
E. J. LeRoux
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Fenusa Pusilla ◽  
Host Parasite Relationship ◽  
Parasite Relationship ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Insect Parasites

AbstractTwenty-two species of insect parasites of Fenusa pusilla (Lepeletier) are listed. Fifteen of these species were reared in the present study from F. pusilla in Quebec, 1 on eggs and 14 on larvae; 4 of them act as both primary and secondary parasites. Of the 15, only 1 has previously been reported as a parasite of F. pusilla. Host–parasite relationship and the degree of parasitism are given for the 15 species reared in Quebec.Thirteen species of predators are listed. Of these, 9, three birds and six insects, were observed feeding on F. pusilla larvae during this study.

Vallissiana universitaria (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): a new genus and species of leaf-mining moth associated with Erythroxylum (Erythroxylaceae) in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4604 (1) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
CRISTIANO M. PEREIRA ◽  
HELBER A. ARÉVALO-MALDONADO ◽  
PAOLO TRIBERTI ◽  
ROSÂNGELA BRITO ◽  
ROSY M. S. ISAIAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
The Third ◽  
Leaf Mining ◽  
Parenchyma Cells ◽  
Scanning Electron

Vallissiana universitaria Pereira & Arévalo, a new genus and species of leaf-miner moth (Gracillariidae: Gracillariinae) is described and illustrated with the aid of optical and scanning electron microscopy, including adults, larva, pupa and the mine. Its monophyletic status is confirmed within the subfamily based on a DNA barcode CoI tree. The immature stages are associated with Erythroxylum argentinum O. E. Schulz (Erythroxylaceae) and four larval instars are found, all forming a round blotch mine from the beginning of ontogeny. The first two instars are sap-feeders, using only the epidermal cells, whereas the last two are tissue-feeders, mining the parenchyma cells. Pupation occurs inside the leaf mine within a flimsy, silk-made cocoon. This is the third endemic genus of gracillariid moths described from the Atlantic Forest of Brazil and the first associated with Erythroxylum P. Browne. Characteristics found on the forewing and in the last abdominal segments of the adult were determinant for the proposition of the new genus. The CoI tree indicated that it is closely related to Aspilapteryx, while this genus was recovered as polyphyletic in the analyses. Morphological evidence supports this polyphyly. Consequently, Sabulopteryx Triberti, 1985, stat. nov. is considered a valid genus.

scholarly journals Identification of leaf-mining insects via DNA recovered from empty mines

FACETS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia J. Mlynarek ◽  
Jin-Hong Kim ◽  
Stephen B. Heard
Keyword(s):  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Pest Monitoring ◽  
Mtdna Coi ◽  
Leaf Mining ◽  
Herbivore Community

We report the development of an improved method for the extraction and amplification of leaf miner DNA recovered from empty mines. Our method is simple, easy to use, and foregoes the time-consuming task of scraping out mines required by previous methods. We collected leaves with 1- and 2-day-old vacated mines, cut out and then ground the mined portions, and amplified the mtDNA COI barcode sequence using universal insect primers. We obtained high-quality sequences for 31% of our empty mines: 20% yielded sequences associated with a leaf miner species; and an additional 11% yielded sequences associated with whiteflies, mites, or fungi. Our improved method will facilitate ecological studies determining herbivore community dynamics and agricultural studies for pest monitoring and identification.

EPIDEMIC PLEURODYNIA (BORNHOLM DISEASE) DUE TO COXSACKIE B-5 VIRUS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 889-903
Author(s):  
H. W. Bain ◽  
D. M. McLean ◽  
Selma J. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Aseptic Meningitis ◽  
Constrictive Pericarditis ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Etiologic Agents ◽  
Coxsackie B Viruses ◽  
Disease Entities ◽  
The Common ◽  
Sick Children ◽  
Coxsackie B

During the months of July to October, 1958, a widespread outbreak of epidemic pleurodynia (Bornholm disease) occurred in Southern Ontario. In this epidemic three main disease entities were encountered: epidemic pleurodynia, acute benign pericarditis and aseptic meningitis, alone or in combination. Sixty-nine patients were studied at the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, and viral studies were carried out for many of them. Five of seven patients with pericarditis had associated pleurodynia, and seven patients had associated pleurodynia and aseptic meningitis. The clinical features of each of the three major entities encountered are presented. Viral studies point to Coxsackie B5 virus as the common etiologic agent in the various disease entities encountered in this outbreak. It seems likely that the Coxsackie B viruses may be important etiologic agents in acute benign pericarditis. Chronic constrictive pericarditis occurred as an end-result in one of the patients with acute benign pericarditis.

Long-term impact of a leaf miner outbreak on the performance of quaking aspen

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Wagner ◽  
Patricia Doak
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Size Control ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Quaking Aspen ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Insecticide Treatment ◽  
Leaf Mining ◽  
Long Term Impact

The aspen leaf miner, Phyllocnistis populiella Cham., has caused widespread and severe damage to aspen in the boreal forests of western North America for over a decade. We suppressed P. populiella on individual small aspen ramets using insecticide at two sites near Fairbanks, Alaska, annually for 7 years and compared plant performance with controls. Insecticide treatment successfully reduced leaf damage by P. populiella during most years and had little effect on herbivory by externally feeding invertebrates. By the end of the study, control ramets had suffered a reduction in height and girth relative to treated ramets and to the original, pretreatment size. Control ramets produced smaller leaves during some years and, after 7 years, produced fewer total shoots and leaves than ramets sprayed with insecticide. Treatment did not affect mortality, but at the warmer of the two sites, ramets sustaining ambient levels of leaf mining were significantly more likely to die back to basal sprouts than those treated with insecticide. We conclude that a decade of P. populiella outbreak has caused strongly negative effects on aspen development and the production of aboveground tissues.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document