Abundance and Seasonal Distribution of the Common Species of Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) Occurring in the State of Connecticut

1959 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franklin B. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
The State ◽  
The Common ◽  
Set Up

Early in the course of a study of the dipteran family Ceratopogonidae,it was realized that very little was known about the species composition, both in numbers and kind, in the state of Connecticut. Consequently a sltudy was set up to determine the species present and the relative abundance of the more common forms. The results of this study are presented in this paper.

scholarly journals Ecology of sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a restricted focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis en Northern Venezuela: I. Description of the study area, catching methods and species composition

1987 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dora Feliciangeli
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Phlebotomine Sandfly ◽  
Phlebotomine Sandflies ◽  
The Common ◽  
Catching Methods

A study on the ecology of phlebotomine sandfly fauna in a restricted focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in northern Venezuela was undertaken in order to investigate the species responsible for the transmission. The study area and catching methods for phlebotomine sandflies are described. A total of 9,061 females and 1,662 males were collected during a year-term study. 12 species of Lutzomya and 1 species of Brumptomya sp. were identified. Absolute and relative abundance and ocurrence for each species were determined. The rel ative occurrence allowed to distinguish the common species, viz. L. panamensis, L. ovallesi, L. gomezi, L. tinidadensis, L. atroclavata, L. cayennensis, L. shannoni and L. olmeca bicolor from the rare species vis., L. punctigeniculata, L. rangeliana, L. evansi and L. dubitans. General comments on the species composition of the sandfly fauna in this locality are made.

Habitat use and abundance of deer mice: interactions with meadow voles and red-backed voles

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 1870-1879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Galindo ◽  
Charles J. Krebs
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Deer Mouse ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Competitive Interactions ◽  
Deer Mice ◽  
Meadow Voles ◽  
Field Season ◽  
The Common ◽  
Clethrionomys Rutilus

In this study we investigated the influence of competitive interactions on the use of habitats and relative abundance of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus). If interspecific competition is influencing the habitat use and relative abundance of deer mice, then removal or introduction of potential competitors will change habitat use and abundance of this species. During the first field season we removed meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) to look at the effect on the contiguous population of deer mouse. The removal of one species had no effect on the other species' distribution or demography. In the second field season, meadow voles declined to very low numbers and we used their natural fluctuation as a removal experiment. Deer mouse populations were not affected even when the natural decline of meadow voles was more effective in maintaining the sedge meadow free of voles than the previous removal manipulation was. During the 3rd year, meadow voles colonized two areas of forest where deer mice had been alone the previous two field seasons. Red-backed voles (Clethrionomys rutilus), in turn, increased from very low numbers in four grids. Neither meadow voles nor red-backed voles affected the spatial distribution or abundance of deer mice. The results of this study indicate that competitive interactions have no influence on the use of habitats and relative abundance of the common species of small mammals in the southwestern Yukon.

Benthic algae in littoral and profundal areas of a deep subarctic lake

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1026-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Benthic Algae ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Nitzschia Palea ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Subarctic Lake ◽  
Achnanthes Minutissima

Collections of benthic algae were made in an isolated subarctic lake during July and August 1975. Samples were taken from 30 stations situated at depths of 0.1 to 35 m. The number of species associated with sediments declined with depth from 66 to 22 m. Achnanthes minutissima, Navicula pupula, Cymbella spp., and Nostoc pruniforme reached greatest relative abundance in shallow water whereas Nitzschia palea and Nitzschia dissipata were relatively common below 20 m. Amphora ovalis, Gyrosigma spenceri, and Tabellaria flocculosa did not exhibit a consistent distribution pattern. Standing crops of the epipelon ranged from3 × 106 cells cm−2 (8.5 × 10 μm3 cm−2) at a depth of 0.1–5 m to8 × 103 cells cm−2 (7 × 106 μm3 cm−2) below 20 m. Low light levels, and to a lesser degree, temperature were the most important factors influencing the diversity, species composition, and density of the epipelon in deep water.The epipsammic community consisted of 10 species at all depths. Although Achnanthes pinnata was rare in deep water, the relative abundance of other common species (Amphora ovalis var. pediculus, Fragilaria construens var. venter, and Achnanthes minutissima) was constant at all stations. Standing crops varied from 3.5 × 104 cells cm−2 (39 × 106 μm3 cm−2) at 0.1–5 m to0.3 × 104 cells cm−2 (0.3 × 106 μm3 cm−2) below 20 m. Although low light levels probably controlled densities in deep water, physical characteristics of the substrate determined the diversity and species composition of the community.

Overview of The Status of Rock-wallabies in South Australia.

1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
P.B. Copley ◽  
P.J. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Census Data ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
The State ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
North West ◽  
European Settlement ◽  
The Status

The status of Yellow-footed Rock-wallabies (Petrogale xanthopus) and Black-footed Rock-wallabies (P. lateralis) in South Australia was assessed by comparing recent survey and census data with previously collated information about the distribution and relative abundance of each taxon. Petrogale xanthopus has maintained most of its known geographic range within the state; however, its relative abundance has declined significantly and 35 (or 15%) of a total of 229 recorded colonies have become extinct since European settlement. Eight of these colony extinctions have occurred over the past 25 years; three of them since 1981. As this species is continuing to decline it should be regarded as threatened within the state. Petrogale lateralis has at least two sub-species which occur in South Australia. Petrogale lateralis pearsoni is endemic to the state and occurs on offshore islands. Since 1960 its natural occurrence of about 3-500 individuals on North Pearson Island has been expanded to four other islands through translocations and the total population is now about 700-1100 animals. This subspecies, while not occurring in large numbers, is nonetheless relatively secure due to the additional populations established and the fact that these are on islands isolated from most mainland threats. The mainland subspecies, Petrogale lateralis MacDonnell Ranges race, by comparison has suffered a drastic reduction in both geographic range and abundance to the point where it is South Australia’s most critically endangered vertebrate taxon. It has declined from being a very common species in the state’s far north- west to only two known, widely separated, colonies which total less than 100 animals between them. Management and research recommendations are provided.

Morphological approaches to community structure in hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae)

1985 ◽  
Vol 224 (1234) ◽  
pp. 115-130 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Random Model ◽  
General Body ◽  
Ancient Woodland ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Model Size ◽  
The Common

Simulation techniques are used to generate random communities of hoverflies that can be com pared with observed communities: both the species composition and morphological size ratios are compared. Patterns of morphology are also examined through the study of size ratios within taxa. Three sites were surveyed, two man-made garden habitats, and one ancient woodland. The man-made habitats contained assemblages of species indistinguishable from species assembled randomly from those present in the county (area = 3400 km 2 ) as a whole, given the assumptions of the random model. The ancient woodland site contained significantly fewer species in common with the man-made habitats than expected from the random model. Size ratios (of both absolute and relative proboscis length) show a similar pattern, with non-random (constant) ratios observed among the common species in ancient woodland. Significantly constant proboscis length ratios were detected in two genera, Eristalis and Platycheirus . In the former, these are due to regular ratios of general body size. In Platycheirus , species have significantly regular differences in relative as well as absolute proboscis length.

Bishop Gosse of Liverpool (1865–1872) and the importance of being English

1982 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 433-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Common Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Ordinary Power ◽  
The Common ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

The papal bull Universalis Ecclesiae of 1850 set up a hierarchy of bishops with ordinary power to replace the vicars apostolic who had ruled the catholic church in England since 1688. It stated explicitly that the new bishops were to have all the necessary powers to rule their dioceses in the same way as titular bishops elsewhere, and it spoke clearly about the resumption of the ‘common law of the church’ in England. Yet the commitment of the Roman authorities to a fully independent hierarchy was not wholehearted. The church in England was to remain under the aegis of the Congregation of the Propagation of the Faith (Propaganda), whose normal brief was to look after missionary territories not stable enough to have properly constituted hierarchies. According to the bull, the English bishops were to send regular reports on the state of their dioceses to Rome, and were to be diligent in informing Propaganda ‘of everything which they shall think profitable for the spiritual good of their flocks’.

scholarly journals Population dynamics of Euglossinae bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae) in an early second-growth forest of Cajual Island, in the State of Maranhão, Brazil

2002 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. S. SILVA ◽  
J. M. M. REBÊLO
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Methyl Salicylate ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Euglossine Bees ◽  
Species Numbers ◽  
Second Growth

A study was conducted in an early second-growth forest aiming at knowing the richness, relative abundance, seasonal distribution, and hourly frequency of euglossine bees, and their association with scent baits. Male bees were attracted to cineole, vanillin, methyl salicylate, and eugenol. The baits were hooked 1.5 m high and 6 m from one another. The specimens were collected from December 1997 to November 1998, once a month, from 7:00 to 17:00 h. A total of 339 male euglossine bees were caughts, accounting for 19 species and four genera. The most common species was E. cordata, making up 69.9% of the individuals, followed by E. truncata (2.3%), E. violaceifrons, and E. smaragdina (2.1%). The most attractive scent was cineole, which baited 87% of the specimens and 73.7% of the species. Vanillin, the second most visited bait, eured 7.6% of the specimens and 26.3% of the species. E. surinamensis was only collected with this bait. Methyl salicylate and eugenol baited combined 2.6% of the specimens. However, by species numbers Methyl salicylate attracted 21% whereas eugenol was attractive for 15.8% of them. In general, the species were more abundantly found in the rainy season (January-June). The hourly activity data showed that the euglossine bees were attracted to the baits all day long, but at a higher frequency in the morning period, peaking between 8:00 and 10:00 h.

Graptolites from the Qilang and Yingan formations (Caradoc, Ordovician) of Kalpin, western Tarim, Xinjiang, China

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Xu ◽  
Ni Yu-Nan ◽  
Charles E. Mitchell ◽  
Qiao Xin-Dong ◽  
Zhan Shi-Gao
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Appalachian Basin ◽  
Late Ordovician ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Common Occurrence ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
Abundance Patterns ◽  
The Common

Late Ordovician rocks of the Qilang and Yingan formations from the Kalpin area in the Tarim region of western Xinjiang, China (Tarim palaeoplate) contain a moderately diverse graptolite fauna. The fauna from the Qilang Formation containsCorynoides calicularisNicholson, 1867;Dicranograptus clingani resicisWilliams and Bruton, 1983;Lasiograptus costatusLapworth, 1873;Pseudoclimacograptus scharenbergi(Lapworth, 1876); andGlossograptussp. among other species. This assemblage most likely corresponds to the upperClimacograptus (Climacograptus) bicornisZone? to lowerC. (Diplacanthograptus) lanceolatusZone of Australia. The Qilang Formation also yields the new taxon,Amplexograptus maxwelli spinoususnew subspecies. The overlying Yingan Formation yields a more diverse assemblage that includesClimacograptus (Diplacanthograptus) spiniferusRuedemann, 1912;C. (D.) lanceolatusVandenBerg, 1990;Orthograptus quadrimucronatus(Hall, 1865);Amplexograptus praetypicalisRiva, 1987;Dicellograptus pumilusLapworth, 1876; andD. morrisiHopkinson, 1871. This assemblage most likely corresponds to theCorynoides americanusZone through theC. (D.) spiniferusZone of eastern Laurentia, or to theD. clinganiZone of Scotland and central Newfoundland. The presence of aC. (D.) lanceolatusandC. (D.) spiniferussuccession in the Yingan Formation also suggests correlation with the Eastonian 1 and 2 of Australasia. The Yingan Formation faunas represent an offshore Pacific Province assemblage dominated by cosmopolitan epipelagic species. The fauna is most similar, both in terms of species composition and relative abundance patterns, to those of the Appalachian Basin. The Yingan faunas differ from the latter in the absence of Laurentian endemic species (except forAmplexograptus praetypicalis), and in the common occurrence of dicellograptids.

scholarly journals Assessment on Diversity and Abundance of Araceae in Limestone and Pyroclastics Areas in Gua Musang, Kelantan, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Nik Yuszrin Yusoff ◽  
Zulhazman Hamzah ◽  
Fatimah Kayat ◽  
Zulhisyam A.K
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Geological Features ◽  
The Common ◽  
Set Up

The study was conducted in Gua Musang, Kelantan, namely; Kuala Koh N 04° 52’ 02.2”/ E 102° 26’ 33.3” (represents pyroclastics area) and Tanah Puteh N 04° 46’ 11.9”/ E 101° 58’ 35.5” (represents limestone area). A square plot (100 x 100 m) was set-up in both locations for sampling of Araceae. The result shows diversity of Araceae in limestone (28 species ha-1 ) is higher as compared to pyroclastics area (21 species ha-1). The most abundant species in limestone are Anadendrum microstachyum, Homalomena griffithii, Rhaphidophora tenuis and Schismatoglottis brevicuspis. In pyroclastics area, the most abundant is S. calyptrata followed by, S. scortechinii, S. brevicuspis and A. microstachyum. The common species in both areas was hemiepiphytic R. mangayi. The least abundant species in limestone are Amorphophallus sp. and Homalomena Chamaecladon Supergroup. Meanwhile, Scindapsus perakensis, Homalomena Cyrtocladon Supergroup, H. pontederiifolia and Aglaonema simplex were counted as least abundant species in pyroclastics area. Geological features, topography (whether on-slope, on-ridge or edge of stream), and altitude are the most influencing factor on distribution and abundance of aroids species.

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