THE GENUS ILYBIUS ER. IN NORTH AMERICA (COLEOPTERA, DYTISCIDAE)

1939 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 192-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Wallis
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Identification Of Species

In spite of Mr. H. C. Fall's paper on Ilybius in the “Entomological News”, XXXVIII, 1927, much confusion as to the correct identification of species in that genus is still apparent. Nor is this to be wondered at. One species frequently superficially resembles another so closely that only careful discrimination will make certain what is in hand. Further, to my knowledge, no key by which females can be determined has been devised. This latter deficiency I have endeavoured to remedy.

ON CONIFEROPHAGOUS SPECIES OF CHORISTONEURA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) IN NORTH AMERICA: III. SOME CHARACTERS OF IMMATURE FORMS HELPFUL IN THE IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIES

1967 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 464-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. T. Harvey ◽  
G. Stehr
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Taxonomic Group ◽  
Single Individual ◽  
Interspecific Relationships ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Colour Morphs

AbstractPigmentation of heads and prothoracic shields of last-instar larvae, colour of pupae, and frequencies of haemolymph colour morphs in fresh pupae are used to support the taxonomic differentiation of the following members of the genus Choristoneura: fumiferana, biennis, orae, occidentalis, viridis, subretiniana, pinus pinus, p. maritima, and lambertiana. These characters are statistical in nature and not competent to relate a single individual unequivocally to a taxonomic group; nevertheless, a key is developed to assist identification of populations on the basis of the characters described. Interspecific relationships within the genus are considered.

Nutlet Morphology and the Use of SEMs to Determine Characteristics for Identification of Species in the Genus Cryptantha Lehm. ex G. Don Section Oreocarya (E. Greene) Payson

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 34-35
Author(s):  
Willow B. Murphy ◽  
Walter A. Kelley ◽  
Richard C. Dujay
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Flower Morphology ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Specific Differentiation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Vegetative Characters

The genus Cryptantha Lehm ex G. Don section Oreocarya (E. Greene) Payson of the family Boraginaceae presents some problems to botanists, both professional and amateur, in the keying and identification of species. The genus contains approximately 150 species, the section about 60 perennial and biennial herbs located generally in western North America. Identification has presented some taxonomic difficulty due to the variability and lack of distinctive vegetative characters. Botanists have turned to the nutlet (fruit) and flower morphology to aid in identification for precise specific differentiation. In the past, 10X magnification and a decent botanical illustrator were required to provide the illustrations necessary to assist in this identification. We are in the process of collecting micrographs of nutlets (dorsal, sagital, and ventral views) and developing a webpage containing these micrographs along with descriptions of their morphological variations.

Taxonomic notes and new synonyms on Brazilian Macromitrium Bridel (Bryophyta, Orthotrichaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 454 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-225
Author(s):  
DAIANE VALENTE VALENTE ◽  
DENILSON FERNANDES PERALTA ◽  
RENATO XAVIER ARAÚJO PRUDÊNCIO ◽  
PAULO EDUARDO AGUIAR SARAIVA CÂMARA
Keyword(s):  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Important Data ◽  
Flora Of Brazil ◽  
The Third ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
The World ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Brazilian Flora

Brazil is a megadiverse country that intends to catalog all its flora by 2020. Therefore, knowledge about taxonomy and the correct identification of species is essential for accessing the real species biodiversity. Macromitrium (Orthotrichaceae) is considered the third largest moss genus in the world and with the majority of its species distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. For Brazil 64 species have been cited, but 44 remain as unknown to the Brazilian flora. The aim of this work was to check all 64 names of Brazilian Macromitrium helping to clarify its validity and correct identification. Type specimens from 14 herbaria were studied using optical microscopy. After this analysis 22% are good species, 54% are synonymous of others species; 13% are excluded from the Brazilian flora and 11% were not possible to check. This work contributed to clarify the diversity of Macromitrium in Brazil, contributing to the knowledge of bryophytes and important data for the flora of Brazil 2020.

scholarly journals Classification of Cephalotaxus Species Based on rbcL Sequences

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 585f-586
Author(s):  
Donglin Zhang ◽  
Michael A. Dirr ◽  
Robert A. Price
Keyword(s):  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Sun And Shade ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

Cephalotaxus species are needle evergreens offering the aesthetic qualities of Taxus, yew, yet are heat- and drought-tolerant, sun- and shade-adaptable, and resist deer browsing. They are adaptable to nursery and garden cultivation in USDA hardiness zones (5)6–9. Unfortunately, the various species are frequently confused in the American nursery trade due to their extreme similarity in morphology. Recently, molecular data have been widely applied in the taxonomic studies, especially DNA sequencing. The chloroplast gene rbcL of Cephalotaxus has been sequenced for determining species relationships. The preliminary results show that C. oliveri Mast. has 10 base changes from C. drupacea Sieb. et Zucc., while only one base difference occurred between C. drupacea and C. harringtonia (Forbes) Koch. There are between one and 10 base substitutions among C. fortunei Hooker, C. koreana Nakai, and C. sinensis (Rehd. et Wils.) Li. Compared with other closely related conifers, Cephalotaxus has a substantial number of differences among species except between C. drupacea and C. harringtonia, which may not be distinct species. Detailed data relative to gene sequencing, growth morphology, and horticultural characteristics should lead to correct identification of species and great horticultural uses. Furthermore, the method of rbcL sequence can be applied to distinguish other morphologically homogeneous ornamental plants.

scholarly journals Using near-infrared spectroscopy to discriminate closely related species: A case study of neotropical ferns

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darlem Nikerlly Amaral Paiva ◽  
Ricardo de Oliveira Perdiz ◽  
Thaís Elias Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Fern Species ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Leave One Out

ABSTRACTIdentifying plant species requires considerable knowledge and can be difficult without complete specimens. Fourier-transform near-infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR) is an effective technique for discriminating plant species, especially angiosperms. However, its efficacy has never been tested on ferns. Here we tested the accuracy of FT-NIR at discriminating species of the genus Microgramma. We obtained 16 spectral readings per individual from the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of 100 specimens belonging to 13 species. The analyses included all 1557 spectral variables. We tested different datasets (adaxial+abaxial, adaxial, and abaxial) to compare the correct identification of species through the construction of discriminant models (LDA, PLS) and cross-validation techniques (leave-one-out, K-fold). All analyses recovered an overall high percentage (>90 %) of correct predictions of specimen identifications for all datasets, regardless of the model or cross-validation used. On average, there was > 95 % accuracy when using PLS-DA and both cross-validations. Our results show the high predictive power of FT-NIR at correctly discriminating fern species when using leaves of dried herbarium specimens. The technique is sensitive enough to reflect species delimitation problems and possible hybridization, and it has the potential of helping better delimit and identify fern species.

scholarly journals Characterization of South American Snails of the GenusBiomphalaria(Basommatophora: Planorbidae) andSchistosoma mansoni(Platyhelminthes: Trematoda) in Molluscs by PCR-RFLP

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Lima Caldeira ◽  
Tatiana Maria Teodoro ◽  
Liana Konovaloff Jannotti-Passos ◽  
Pollanah M. Lira-Moreira ◽  
Christiane De Oliveira Goveia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Mollusc Species ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Molecular Profiles

The identification of snails of the genusBiomphalariacan be done using morphological characteristics which depends on the size of the snails and skill and knowledge of researcher. These methods sometimes are not adequate for identification of species. The PCR-RFLP, using the ITS region of the rDNA, has been used to identify Brazilian species of the genusBiomphalaria. Nevertheless, there is a lack of information about snails from other Latin American countries. In addition, some snails may be infected bySchistosoma mansoniand when submitted to PCR-RFLP they show molecular profiles different from those previously standardized for the other mollusc species. In this work the molecular profiles of 15 species and the subspecies were established by PCR-RFLP of ITS-rDNA with the enzymeDdeI. Moreover, the molecular profiles of host species,B. glabrata,B. straminea,B. tenagophila, andB. prona, infected byS. mansoniwere also established. The molluscs were dissected to permit morphological identification. These results contribute to a correct identification of snails of the genusBiomphalariaand detection of these snails infected byS. mansoni.

scholarly journals An Overview of Important Ethnomedicinal Herbs ofPhyllanthusSpecies: Present Status and Future Prospects

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharti Sarin ◽  
Nidhi Verma ◽  
Juan Pedro Martín ◽  
Aparajita Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Sexual Disorders ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Scientific Investigations ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

The genusPhyllanthusconsists of more than 1000 species, of which many are used as traditional medicines. The plant extracts have been used since ancient times, for treating hypertension, diabetes, hepatic, urinary, and sexual disorders, and other common ailments. Modern day scientific investigations have now confirmed pharmacognostic properties ofPhyllanthusherbs. The phytochemicals attributing these medicinal properties have been identified in many of thePhyllanthusherbs. The morphologically similar herbs ofPhyllanthusgrow together and admixture of species during collection for manufacture of herbal medicines is quite common. Hence, along with pharmacognostic and phytochemical studies, appropriate protocols for correct identification of species are also important. As the use of these herbs as green medicines is becoming more popular, it is imperative to assess its genetic diversity and phylogenetic relatedness for future conservation strategies. This review is an attempt to present an overview of the existing studies on pharmacognostics, phytochemistry, species identification, and genetic diversity ofPhyllanthusherbs and consequently (i) highlight areas where further research is needed and (ii) draw attention towards extending similar studies in underutilized but potentially important herbs such asP. maderaspatensis,P. kozhikodianus,P.rheedii,P. scabrifolius,andP. rotundifolius.

scholarly journals DNA Barcoding: A Reliable Method for the Identification of Thrips Species (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) Collected on Sticky Traps in Onion Fields

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Marullo ◽  
Francesco Mercati ◽  
Gregorio Vono
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase I ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Thrips Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Morphological Differences

Several thrips species (Insecta, Thysanoptera) are globally known as important crop pests and vectors of viral diseases, but their identification is difficult because of their small body size and inconspicuous morphological differences. Sequencing variation in the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) region has been proven to be useful for the identification of species of many groups of insect pests. Here, DNA barcoding has been used to identify thrips species collected with the use of sticky traps placed in an open onion field. A total of 238 thrips specimens were analyzed, 151 of which could be identified to species and 27 to genera belonging to the family Thripidae. Fifty-one specimens could not be assigned to any genus, with the closest BLAST match in the GenBank queries being below 98%, whilst six specimens were not recognized as Thysanoptera. The results indicate that, although there are a few pest thrips species not yet barcoded, most of the species that may cause damage to crops in Europe are represented in GenBank and other databases, enabling correct identification. Additionally, DNA barcoding can be considered a valuable alternative to the classic morphology method for identification of major thrips species.

scholarly journals A PRELIMINARY GROUPING OF THE DESCRIBED SPECIES OF SAPROMYZA OF NORTH AMERICA, WITH ONE NEW SPECIES

1892 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 301-304
Author(s):  
C. H. Tyler Townsend
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
One New Species

The following is a purely provisional grouping of the described North American species of Sapromyza, made up from the descriptions alone. As such, it is offered for publication. The practical use of this kind of work does not need pointing out. It greatly facilitates the identification of species where the descriptions are scattered through various works. In the determination of the single new species described at the end of this paper, it was necessary to consult each description separately. It required but little additional labour to tabulate the leading points in the descriptions, thus relieving later students from the necessity of going through the same laborous process.

scholarly journals FUNGEMIA CAUSED BY Candida SPECIES IN A CHILDREN'S PUBLIC HOSPITAL IN THE CITY OF SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL: STUDY IN THE PERIOD 2007-2010

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Kummer Perinazzo Oliveira ◽  
Luciana da Silva Ruiz ◽  
Nélio Alessandro Jesus Oliveira ◽  
Débora Moreira ◽  
Rosane Christine Hahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Species ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Pichia Anomala ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Health Care Environment ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
The City

Candidemia remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the health care environment. The epidemiology of Candida infection is changing, mainly in relation to the number of episodes caused by species C. non-albicans. The overall objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of yeasts of the genus Candida, in a four-year period, isolated from blood of pediatric patients hospitalized in a public hospital of the city of São Paulo, Brazil. In this period, yeasts from blood of 104 patients were isolated and, the identified species of Candida by phenotypic and genotypic methods were: C. albicans (39/104), C. tropicalis (25/104), C. parapsilosis (23/104), Pichia anomala (6/104), C. guilliermondii (5/104), C. krusei (3/104), C. glabrata (2/104) and C. pararugosa (1/104). During the period of the study, a higher frequency of isolates of C. non-albicans (63.55%) (p = 0.0286) was verified. In this study we verified the increase of the non-albicans species throughout the years (mainly in 2009 and 2010). Thus, considering the peculiarities presented by Candida species, a correct identification of species is recommended to lead to a faster diagnosis and an efficient treatment.

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