scholarly journals DNA Barcoding: A Reliable Method for the Identification of Thrips Species (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) Collected on Sticky Traps in Onion Fields

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Marullo ◽  
Francesco Mercati ◽  
Gregorio Vono
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase I ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Thrips Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Morphological Differences

Several thrips species (Insecta, Thysanoptera) are globally known as important crop pests and vectors of viral diseases, but their identification is difficult because of their small body size and inconspicuous morphological differences. Sequencing variation in the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) region has been proven to be useful for the identification of species of many groups of insect pests. Here, DNA barcoding has been used to identify thrips species collected with the use of sticky traps placed in an open onion field. A total of 238 thrips specimens were analyzed, 151 of which could be identified to species and 27 to genera belonging to the family Thripidae. Fifty-one specimens could not be assigned to any genus, with the closest BLAST match in the GenBank queries being below 98%, whilst six specimens were not recognized as Thysanoptera. The results indicate that, although there are a few pest thrips species not yet barcoded, most of the species that may cause damage to crops in Europe are represented in GenBank and other databases, enabling correct identification. Additionally, DNA barcoding can be considered a valuable alternative to the classic morphology method for identification of major thrips species.

scholarly journals The molecular identification of Zanthoxylum armatum DC of Pakistan based on DNA barcoding

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-333
Author(s):  
Shakila Umer ◽  
Nayab Safdar ◽  
Khushi Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Zanthoxylum Armatum ◽  
The Family ◽  
Plant Taxon ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Zanthoxylum Bungeanum

Zanthoxylum armatum DC., belonged to the family Ruteacea, is a medicinal plant used to cure many diseases. DNA barcoding was used as a tool for molecular identification of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. species from Balakot Pakistan. In the present study four DNA barcodes including matk, rbcl, ITS and trnH-psbA were used. The sequenced data were analyzed by using BLASTn at NCBI, FASTA and Mega 7.0 software. During PCR analysis, 3 DNA barcodes ITS, rbcl and trnh-psbA were successfully amplified and showed the 100% sequencing success. Furthermore, these barcode markers showed 99-100% sequence similarity with the reference sequences at the BLASTn. The further analysis revealed the sequence similarity of investigating marker with Zanthoxylum armatum (MH016484.1), Zanthoxylum nitidum (FN599471.1) and Zanthoxylum bungeanum (MF097123.1) respectively. The current finding provides the basis for sequenced data of Z. armatum to be used in future for molecular discrimination among the plant species from Pakistan and it is concluded that combination of diverse kind of barcoding markers could be helpful in proper identification of species at lower taxonomic level. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 27(2): 323-333, 2020 (December)

scholarly journals Identifying Chinese species of Gammarus (Crustacea: Amphipoda) using DNA barcoding

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong-e Hou ◽  
Zhu Li ◽  
Shu-qiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Neighbor Joining ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase I ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Intraspecific Divergence ◽  
Gammarus Lacustris ◽  
Interspecific Divergence ◽  
Identification Of Species

Abstract Using a standard cytochrome c oxidase I sequence, DNA barcoding has been shown to be effective to distinguish known species and to discover cryptic species. Here we assessed the efficiency of DNA barcoding for the amphipod genus Gammarus from China. The maximum intraspecific divergence for widespread species, Gammarus lacustris, was 3.5%, and mean interspecific divergence reached 21. 9%. We presented a conservative benchmark for determining provisional species using maximum intraspecific divergence of Gammarus lacustris. Thirty-one species possessed distinct barcode clusters. Two species were comprised of highly divergent clades with strong neighbor-joining bootstrap values, and likely indicated the presence of cryptic species. Although DNA barcoding is effective, future identification of species of Gammarus should incorporate DNA barcoding and morphological detection.

Emergence of New Potential Insect Pests of Date Palm: Could Climate Change Be the Reason?

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 242-245
Author(s):  
Hamadttu A. F. El-Shafie
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
South American ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
The Family ◽  
American Palm ◽  
Sorghum Chafer

Four insect species were reported as new potential pests of date palm in recent years. They are sorghum chafer (Pachnoda interrupta), the rose chafer (Potosia opaca), the sericine chafer beetle (Maladera insanablis), and the South American palm borer (Pysandisia archon). The first three species belong to the order Coleoptera and the family Scarabaeidae, while the fourth species is a lepidopteran of the family Castniidae. The injury as well as the economic damage caused by the four species on date palm need to be quantified. Due to climate change and anthropogenic activities, the date palm pest complex is expected to change in the future. To the author's knowledge, this article provides the first report of sorghum chafer as a pest damaging date palm fruit.

scholarly journals Molecular diversity and evolutionary trends of cysteine-rich peptides from the venom glands of Chinese spider Heteropoda venatoria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Luo ◽  
Yiying Ding ◽  
Zhihao Peng ◽  
Kezhi Chen ◽  
Xuewen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expressed Sequence Tags ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Spider Venom ◽  
Evolutionary Trends ◽  
The Family ◽  
Venom Glands ◽  
Venom Evolution ◽  
Expressed Sequence

AbstractHeteropoda venatoria in the family Sparassidae is highly valued in pantropical countries because the species feed on domestic insect pests. Unlike most other species of Araneomorphae, H. venatoria uses the great speed and strong chelicerae (mouthparts) with toxin glands to capture the insects instead of its web. Therefore, H. venatoria provides unique opportunities for venom evolution research. The venom of H. venatoria was explored by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem time-of-flight and analyzing expressed sequence tags. The 154 sequences coding cysteine-rich peptides (CRPs) revealed 24 families based on the phylogenetic analyses of precursors and cysteine frameworks in the putative mature regions. Intriguingly, four kinds of motifs are first described in spider venom. Furthermore, combining the diverse CRPs of H. venatoria with previous spider venom peptidomics data, the structures of precursors and the patterns of cysteine frameworks were analyzed. This work revealed the dynamic evolutionary trends of venom CRPs in H. venatoria: the precursor has evolved an extended mature peptide with more cysteines, and a diminished or even vanished propeptides between the signal and mature peptides; and the CRPs evolved by multiple duplications of an ancestral ICK gene as well as recruitments of non-toxin genes.

The first zoeal stage of the yellow land crab Johngarthia lagostoma (Milne Edwards, 1837) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4990 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-200
Author(s):  
SIMONE MARIA DE ALBUQUERQUE LIRA ◽  
CYNTHIA DAYANNE MELLO DE LIMA ◽  
IGOR DE ÁVILA TEIXEIRA ◽  
RALF SCHWAMBORN
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Zoeal Stage ◽  
Dorsal Seta ◽  
Tropical Atlantic ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Land Crab ◽  
The Family ◽  
Fernando De Noronha ◽  
Morphological Differences

The objective of this paper is to describe and illustrate the first zoeal stage of the largest land crab of the Tropical Atlantic, Johngarthia lagostoma (Milne Edwards, 1837) (Brachyura: Gecarcinidae). A larval description of J. lagostoma was previously not available. Larvae were obtained from ovigerous females on Rocas Atoll and Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil. Twenty larvae were randomly chosen to be dissected and described in detail, while 40 others (20 larvae from each island) were measured only. The published description of the congener J. planatus (Stimpson, 1860) larvae was used for a comparison of larval morphology. Some morphological differences between the first zoeal stage of these two species were: The absence or presence of a simple shorter seta on antennule, number of the minute terminal spines on the antenna, setation of the coxal endite of the maxilla, exopod unsegmented of the first and second maxilliped, and a single mid-dorsal seta on first pleonite. These results and differences observed between these species can assist in studies on phylogenetic relationships within the Family Gecarcinidae MacLeay, 1838, as well as in the identification of the larvae of J. Lagostoma in plankton samples from the tropical Atlantic.  

Legume seed flavonoids and nitrogenous metabolites as signals and protectants in early seedling development

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick A. Ndakidemi ◽  
Felix D. Dakora
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Plant Pest ◽  
The Family ◽  
Early Seedling

Flavonoids and nitrogenous metabolites such as alkaloids, terpenoids, peptides and amino acids are major components of plant seeds. Conjugated forms of these compounds are soluble in water, and therefore, are easily released as chemical signals following imbibition. Once in the soil, these metabolites are first in line to serve as eco-sensing signals for suitable rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal partners required for the establishment of symbiotic mutualisms. They may also serve as defence molecules against pathogens and insect pests, as well as playing a role in the control of parasitic members of the family Scrophulariaceae, especially Striga, a major plant pest of cereal crops in Africa. Seed metabolites such as flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, peptides and amino acids define seedling growth and, ultimately, crop yields. Thus, an improvement in our understanding of seed chemistry would permit manipulation of these molecules for effective control of pathogens, insect pests, Striga and destructive weeds, as well as for enhanced acquisition of N and P via symbioses with soil rhizobia and AM fungi.

scholarly journals Leafhoppers and cixiids in phytoplasma-infected carrot fields: Species composition and potential phytoplasma vectors

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Drobnjakovic ◽  
Pantelija Peric ◽  
Dejan Marcic ◽  
Luca Picciau ◽  
Alberto Alma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Aster Yellows ◽  
Scaphoideus Titanus ◽  
The Family ◽  
Pcr Rflp

The first molecular analysis of samples collected in southern Backa (Serbia) confirmed the presence of aster yellows (16SrI) and stolbur phytoplasmas (16SrXII) in insects belonging to the family Cicadellidae, as well as in carrot plants where the insects were collected. A correct identification of the phytoplasmas and their vectors is essential to arrange effective control strategies to prevent diseases associated with phytoplasmas from spreading to carrots and other vegetable crops. In order to enhance knowledge about insect vectors of aster yellows and stolbur phytoplasmas in Serbia, Cicadellidae and Cixiidae (Homoptera Auchenorrhyncha), the most common vectors of these phytoplasmas, were monitored in southern Backa during 2008. Adults leaf- and planthoppers were collected and identified at species level using standard entomological methods, and tested for phytoplasma presence by means of PCR/RFLP. A total of 13 insect species of Cicadellidae were identified, as follows: a) three species of the subfamily Agallinae: Anaceratagallia ribauti (Ossiannilsson), Anaceratagallia venosa (Fourcroy), and Anaceratagallia laevis (Ribaut); b) seven species of the subfamily Deltocephalinae: Psammotettix confinis (Dahlbom), Psammotettix striatus (Linnaues) Psammottettix alienus (Dahlbom), Macrosteles sexnotatus (Fall?n), Ophiola decumana (Kontkanen), Errastunus ocellaris Fall?n, and Scaphoideus titanus Ball; c) three species of the subfamily Typhlocibinae: Eupteryx atropunctata (Goeze), Eupteryx mellissae Curtis, Zyginidia pullula (Boheman). Female specimens of the genus Euscelis (Deltocephalinae) were also collected, as well as one species of Reptalus quinquecostatus (Dufour) of the family Cixiidae. Stolbur phytoplasmas were detected in A. laevis, A. ribauti, A. venosa, P. striatus, P. confinis and P. alienus. The species: A. laevis, O. decumana, and P. confinis were AY-infected (subgroup 16SrI-A), while subgroup 16SrI-C was found only in one specimen of P. confinis. Since some aster yellows- and stolbur-infected species of the genera Psammotettix and Anaceratagallia (especially P. confinis and A. laevis) were regularly and commonly found in the infected carrot fields during the whole vegetative period, they could play a significant role in transmitting and spreading these pathogens in natural environment.

scholarly journals The first representatives of the millipede family Glomeridellidae (Diplopoda, Glomerida) recorded from China and Indochina

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 954 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Weixin Liu ◽  
Sergei Golovatch
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
The Family ◽  
Structural Details ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species

A new species of glomeridellid millipede is described from Guizhou Province, southern China: Tonkinomeris huzhengkunisp. nov. This new epigean species differs very clearly in many structural details, being sufficiently distinct morphologically and disjunct geographically from T. napoensis Nguyen, Sierwald & Marek, 2019, the type and sole species of Tonkinomeris Nguyen, Sierwald & Marek, 2019, which was described recently from northern Vietnam. The genus Tonkinomeris is formally relegated from Glomeridae and assigned to the family Glomeridellidae, which has hitherto been considered strictly Euro-Mediterranean in distribution and is thus new to the diplopod faunas of China and Indochina. Tonkinomeris is re-diagnosed and shown to have perhaps the basalmost position in the family Glomeridellidae. Its relationships are discussed, both morphological and zoogeographical, within and outside the Glomeridellidae, which can now be considered as relict and basically Oriental in origin. Because of the still highly limited array of DNA-barcoding sequences of the COI mitochondrial gene available in the GenBank, the first molecular phylogenetic analysis of Glomerida attempted here shows our phylogram to be too deficient to consider meaningful.

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