BLOOD SUCKING AMONG PHYTOPHAGOUS HEMIPTERA

1934 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 97-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Usinger
Keyword(s):  
Interesting Phenomenon ◽  
The Past ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Made In

In a recent paper by Dr. J. G. Meyers (1929) entitled “Faculative Blood-Sucking in Phytophagous Hemiptera” an excellent summary of our knowledge of this interesting phenomenon is given. The above cited paper, and others listed in the bibliography at the conclusion of the present paper, recalled to mind certain experiences and observations made in collecting these insects during the past few years.

scholarly journals Профілактика міксоматозу кролів

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (73) ◽  
pp. 145-148
Author(s):  
N. Kos'yanchuk
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
The Past ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
High Level ◽  
Haemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Virus Strains ◽  
Made In

Rabbits Myxomatosis – highly contagious disease, which pathogen are epiteliotrophic virus from the family Poxviridae. The rapid spread of the disease contributes people's ignorance in realization of zoohygienic, veterinary and sanitary preventive measures during rabbit farming and breeding. Now, effective treatments against Rabbits Myxomatosis isn’t be in existence yet. Therefore, you must implement follow zoohygienic, veterinary and sanitary preventive measures: – to put on-time routine vaccination of all livestock rabbits. Rabbits vaccinated in month age old, in hazardous areas – in 28-th day age old, revaccination realized in 3 months. It is necessary to do the vaccination before the mass insects fly, the best is during late April – early May; – to conduct disinfections, disinsections and deratizations measures of animal buildings; – to conduct measures of manure decontamination (by biotermal way, to the liquid fraction – use follow chemicals: formaldehyde, bleaching powder) – to apply repellents – substances that repel insects (oksamat, benzymin (hexamid) and diethyltoluamid (DEET); – to be consistent with the principle «All Empty – All Occupation», which makes it possible to do preventive breaks, sanitary measures, maintenances and disinfection of animals buildings; – to conduct complex of disease epizootic data diagnostics with regard of: seasonality, the activity of blood-sucking insects, cases in the past, mass disease. There are use the living cultural lyophilized vaccine against Rabbits Myxomatosis in order to prevent disease in the Ukraine, which made in Ukraine and abroad. Currently, LLC «BIOTESTLAB» developed a live vaccine against Rabbits Myxomatosis - Lapinum Mix and Lapinum Hemix (complex against Rabbits Haemorrhagic Disease and Rabbits Myxomatosis). Lapinum lines vaccines provide rapid immune response and long protection against diseases. Tests showed high level of the rabbit blood antibodies from 4-th day of vaccination. In the production of vaccines used same completely homologous Ukrainian virus strains which effective vaccination guarantee.

Triclabendazole progress report, 2005–2009: an advancement of learning?

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Fairweather
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Pharmacokinetics And Pharmacodynamics ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Interesting Phenomenon ◽  
The Past ◽  
Drug Of Choice ◽  
Human Fascioliasis ◽  
Drug Pharmacokinetics ◽  
Made In

AbstractTriclabendazole (TCBZ) remains the drug of choice for treating infections of the liver fluke,Fasciola hepaticain livestock and has become the main drug used to treat human cases of the disease as well. Cases of resistance in livestock continue to be reported, suggesting that the problem is increasing. In order to address the problem, there is a need for better understanding of drug action. A ‘state-of-play’ review on different aspects of TCBZ activity was published by the present author in 2005. The main purpose of the current review is to assess what progress has been made in the past four years towards understanding the main aspects of drug activity, including drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics and an understanding of the mechanism(s) of resistance. Also, what advances have been made in identifying alternative compounds and using drug combinations to enhance TCBZ activity. Stemming from a number ofin vivostudies, it has become evident that fluke isolates of differing sensitivity to TCBZ differ in some of their biological parameters, and information on this interesting phenomenon will be presented. An update on the use of TCBZ for human fascioliasis is also given. The review will indicate what progress has been made, but will also highlight areas that remain inadequately understood and require greater research focus.

South Asian Developmental Crisis (Review Article)

1973 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
Rafiq Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
Integrated Theory ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Developed World ◽  
Second World ◽  
Made In

Like nations and civilizations, sciences also pass through period of crises when established theories are overthrown by the unpredictable behaviour of events. Economics is passing through such a crisis. The challenge thrown by the Great Depression of early 1930s took a decade before Keynes re-established the supremacy of economics. But this supremacy has again been upset by the crisis of poverty in the vast under-developed world which attained political independence after the Second World War. Poverty had always existed but never before had it been of such concern to economists as during the past twenty five years or so. Economic literature dealing with this problem has piled up but so have the agonies of poverty. No plausible and well-integrated theory of economic development or under-development has emerged so far, though brilliant advances have been made in isolated directions.

Mass Spectrometry Techniques: Principles and Practices for Quantitative Proteomics

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocco J. Rotello ◽  
Timothy D. Veenstra
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Quantitative Proteomics ◽  
Protein Identification ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Complete Coverage ◽  
The Past ◽  
Proteome Level ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Made In

: In the current omics-age of research, major developments have been made in technologies that attempt to survey the entire repertoire of genes, transcripts, proteins, and metabolites present within a cell. While genomics has led to a dramatic increase in our understanding of such things as disease morphology and how organisms respond to medications, it is critical to obtain information at the proteome level since proteins carry out most of the functions within the cell. The primary tool for obtaining proteome-wide information on proteins within the cell is mass spectrometry (MS). While it has historically been associated with the protein identification, developments over the past couple of decades have made MS a robust technology for protein quantitation as well. Identifying quantitative changes in proteomes is complicated by its dynamic nature and the inability of any technique to guarantee complete coverage of every protein within a proteome sample. Fortunately, the combined development of sample preparation and MS methods have made it capable to quantitatively compare many thousands of proteins obtained from cells and organisms.

Evidence-based Assessment

2010 ◽  
pp. 76-98
Author(s):  
John Hunsley ◽  
Eric J. Mash
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
The Past ◽  
Specific Assessment ◽  
The Many ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Made In

Evidence-based assessment relies on research and theory to inform the selection of constructs to be assessed for a specific assessment purpose, the methods and measures to be used in the assessment, and the manner in which the assessment process unfolds. An evidence-based approach to clinical assessment necessitates the recognition that, even when evidence-based instruments are used, the assessment process is a decision-making task in which hypotheses must be iteratively formulated and tested. In this chapter, we review (a) the progress that has been made in developing an evidence-based approach to clinical assessment in the past decade and (b) the many challenges that lie ahead if clinical assessment is to be truly evidence-based.

The Role of Histones and Heparin in Sepsis: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 088506662199232
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Zhang ◽  
Xin Li
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
The Past ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Extracellular Histones ◽  
Sepsis And Septic Shock ◽  
Development And Management ◽  
Made In

Septic shock with multiple organ failure is a devastating situation in clinical settings. Through the past decades, much progress has been made in the management of sepsis and its underlying pathogenesis, but a highly effective therapeutic has not been developed. Recently, macromolecules such as histones have been targeted in the treatment of sepsis. Histones primarily function as chromosomal organizers to pack DNA and regulate its transcription through epigenetic mechanisms. However, a growing body of research has shown that histone family members can also exert cellular toxicity once they relocate from the nucleus into the extracellular space. Heparin, a commonly used anti-coagulant, has been shown to possess life-saving capabilities for septic patients, but the potential interplay between heparin and extracellular histones has not been investigated. In this review, we summarize the pathogenic roles of extracellular histones and the therapeutic roles of heparin in the development and management of sepsis and septic shock.

Some Experiments on the Extra-Corporeal Hatching of the Eggs of Ascaris suum

1939 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Fenwick
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Ascaris Suum ◽  
The Body ◽  
Very Old ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pancreatic Fluid ◽  
Sand Cultures ◽  
Made In

Numerous attempts have been made in the past to induce the eggs of Ascaris suum to hatch outside the body of the host. Extra-corporeal hatching has been observed under a variety of conditions by different workers. Kondo (1920, 1922), Asada (1921) and others record hatching in water, charcoal and sand cultures. Wharton (1915) states that hatching will occur in alkaline digestive juices, while Martin (1913) records a similar phenomenon in pancreatic fluid. Many different explanations have been offered to explain this hatching. Wharton suggested that the interaction of algae and sand might have some effect. Ohba (1923), who found that hatching would occur in 0·2% hydrochloric acid and 0·2% sodium carbonate believed that extra-corporeal hatching was limited to very old cultures of eggs. Many workers are of the opinion that some stimulus normally present in the digestive tract is necessary for hatching.

scholarly journals Through what mechanisms do protected areas affect environmental and social outcomes?

2015 ◽  
Vol 370 (1681) ◽  
pp. 20140267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Ferraro ◽  
Merlin M. Hanauer
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Social Outcomes ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
Made In

To develop effective protected area policies, scholars and practitioners must better understand the mechanisms through which protected areas affect social and environmental outcomes. With strong evidence about mechanisms, the key elements of success can be strengthened, and the key elements of failure can be eliminated or repaired. Unfortunately, empirical evidence about these mechanisms is limited, and little guidance for quantifying them exists. This essay assesses what mechanisms have been hypothesized, what empirical evidence exists for their relative contributions and what advances have been made in the past decade for estimating mechanism causal effects from non-experimental data. The essay concludes with a proposed agenda for building an evidence base about protected area mechanisms.

Formation, translocation and resolution of Holliday junctions during homologous genetic recombination

1995 ◽  
Vol 347 (1319) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Genetic Recombination ◽  
Holliday Junctions ◽  
The Novel ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Past ◽  
Endonucleolytic Cleavage ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Made In

Over the past three or four years, great strides have been made in our understanding of the proteins involved in recombination and the mechanisms by which recombinant molecules are formed. This review summarizes our current understanding of the process by focusing on recent studies of proteins involved in the later steps of recombination in bacteria. In particular, biochemical investigation of the in vitro properties of the E. coli RuvA, RuvB and RuvC proteins have provided our first insight into the novel molecular mechanisms by which Holliday junctions are moved along DNA and then resolved by endonucleolytic cleavage.

A Progress Report on the Quest to Establish a Cybersickness Dose Value

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (26) ◽  
pp. 2119-2123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Chen ◽  
S.L. Yuen ◽  
R.H.Y. So
Keyword(s):  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Motion Sickness ◽  
Progress Report ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Current Effort ◽  
British Standard ◽  
The Past ◽  
Frequency Weighting ◽  
Made In

This paper summarizes the progress made in the quest to establish a Cybersickness Dose Value (CSDV). The Motion Sickness Dose Value (MSDV), reported in the British Standard BS6841, has been used to predict the severity of seasickness since 1987. In 1999, the authors of this paper proposed a CSDV formulation with a structure similar to that of the MSDV (So, 1999). Since then, several experiments and simulation studies have been conducted to modify and develop the proposed CSDV formula. In particular, progress has been made in (i) the methods to measure CSDV, (ii) the determination of a frequency weighting curve to equalize the non-linear relationship between the navigation velocity and levels of cybersickness, and (iii) the detailed formulation of CSDV. This paper summarizes the past progress and reports on the current effort in developing a CSDV.

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