scholarly journals FOUR NEW DIASPINE COCCIDAE

1899 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 105-107
Author(s):  
T. D. A. Cockerell
Keyword(s):  

aspidiotus cueroensis, n. sp..—♀. Scale diam, slightly over 1 millim., circular, slightly convex above and beneath, with the margin somewhat elevated, like an oyster; very pale gray or grayish- white, quite a delicate shade, exuviae more or less to one side, covered, inconspicuous, but appearing as a dark spot on the inside of the scale. ♀. Shape ordinary; black when dry. No circumgenital glands. Anal orifice elongate oval, moderately large, distinct from bases of lobes about 1½ times its length. Only one pair of lobes, these and the area about their base remaining dark brown after boiling; lobes rather large, but short and broad, contiguous at the base, but thence diverging to their rounded apices, whence they slope downwards to the comparatively short outer side, the shape of the lobes being almost as in A. ostreaeformis.

1899 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 280-282
Author(s):  
Percy J. Parrott

Antonina Nortoni, Parrott and Ckll.Sac white, subglobular, cottonlike, completely enveloping female.♀ oval, plump, cream-coloured, with slight tinge of brown on margin. Boiled in caustic potash, becomes transparent, with the exception of the antennae, the two pairs of spiracles, and ultimate segment, including anal region, which are a dark yellowish-brown. There are many single glands, especially towards and about posterior segments; they are less numerous anteriorly. On outer side of each spiracle there is a crescentic group of rather large circular glands, placed very close together. Antennae aborted, short, thick, composed of three segments measuring respectively 18–25, 13–16 and 27-28 mm. Mouth-parts large Spiracles chitinous, large and extended. Anal orifice circular, situated in a depression, surrounded by a strong chitinous ring. Anal ring with six long, stout hairs measuring from 53 to 89 mm. in length.


1916 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Green

The new species, described below, have been received from Mr. R. Dupont, Superintendent of Botanic Stations in the Seychelles.Aspidiotus (Chrysomphalus) ansei, sp. nov. (fig. 1).Female puparium irregularly circular or broadly ovate ; flattish or moderately convex. Very pale brownish ochreous, semitransparent ; pellicles darker, central. Diameter averaging 1·45 mm.Male puparium smaller and more distinctly ovate ; pellicle nearer one extremity. Length 1 mm.Adult female broadly rounded in front, narrowed and bluntly pointed behind. Margins of abdominal segments moderately produced. Pygidium (fig. 1) with six well developed prominent rounded lobes, the median pair indented on each side, the two lateral lobes more conspicuously indented on the outer side. Squames. long and deeply fimbriate : two in each of the median and first lateral spaces, three in the second lateral space, and three beyond the outer lateral lobe, followed immediately by a stout marginal prominence, beyond which the margin is slightly cristate for a short distance. Spines few, small and inconspicuous. Paraphyses, four on each side, elongate, conspicuous. Anal orifice near the extremity. Circumgenital glands in four groups: upper laterals with 3 to 4 pores, lower laterals with 2 to 3. Oval dorsal pores in two series on each side. Numerous long slender ducts communicating with the dorsal and marginal pores. Length, 1 mm.


Author(s):  
A. G. Belova ◽  
E. V. Zimina ◽  
N. P. Simbirtsev

During a pathoanatomic autopsy, it is very important to correctly assess the color change of the organs. However, it is not always clear because the color depends on the spectrum of the incident light. There is also a subjective assessment of color. In addition, in animals with large amounts of circulating blood, for example, dogs, early imbibition occurs, which makes it difficult to assess the color of the organ and pathoanatomical diagnosis. We have proposed a simple and visual method of recognition of two pathological processes – inflammation and edema using colored filters. This technique also allows to accurately differentiate inflammation from postmortem imbibition, to recognize fibrin and hemorrhage well. Postmortem examination of different types of animals (predacious families of mustelids, canids, felids) was performed in accordance with Shore’s method in the prosectorium of the Pathonomy Department, K.I. Skryabin Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology visual analysis – under various artificial lights (fluorescent lamps with banded spectrum and halogen lamps). In the red filter are well identified the pathological processes associated with the venous blood presence in the tissues (venous hyperemia and pulmonary edema). The focus of venous hyperemia or edema in the red filter looks like a dark zone, and tissues, where arterial bloods predominated, aren’t detected in red filter. In the yellow – green filter the inflammation is clearly detected: the zone is brightly red and surrounding tissues become dark. Red colour filters have rather narrow band of transmittance from 600 to 700 nm. Yellow-green have a width zone – from 500 to 700 nm, including both red, and yellow-green part of spectrum. Oxidized hemoglobin in red part of spectrum absorbs ten time weaker, has more high reflectivity and looks red. Surrounding tissues reflect the red rays, which incident on them also red. Therefore, the zone of edema, venous hyperemia and hemorrhaging, containing venous blood, are detected the dark spot, and inflammation zone merges with the red background. Oxidized hemoglobin in the red spectrum part absorbs ten time weaker than reduced hemoglobin, has high reflectivity of the red spectrum part and looks brightly red, surrounding tissues reflect yellow-green spectrum part and look green. Therefore, the zones of inflammation, active hyperemia and hemorrhaging, containing arterial blood, sharp contrast with green background and are clearly visible. Diagnoses made with the help of color filters are confirmed by histological studies.


2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Abid Ullah Jan

The Debate Question 1: Various commentators have frequently invoked the importance of moderate Muslims and the role that they can play in fighting extremism in the Muslim world. But it is not clear who is a moderate Muslim. The recent cancellation of Tariq Ramadan’s visa to the United States, the raids on several American Muslim organizations, and the near marginalization of mainstream American Muslims in North America pose the following question: If moderate Muslims are critical to an American victory in the war on terror, then why does the American government frequently take steps that undermine moderate Muslims? Perhaps there is a lack of clarity about who the moderate Muslims are. In your view, who are these moderate Muslims and what are their beliefs and politics? AUJ: The promotion of “moderate” Muslims is part of an extremist tendency sweeping the United States, unlike the situation in the Muslim world. It is the result of a war between two Americas: the America of ideals (e.g., of equality and justice) and the America of extremism, which has succumbed to self-interest groups and individuals. For the America of ideals, the Tariq Ramadan episode is a dark spot, one among many such episodes in recent times. Periodic episodes of tragedy are the hallmark of the America that has shifted its priorities under the pressure and manipulation of the extremists. These forces use all expedient means to sacrifice the wellbeing of the United States for self-interest and promotion of the Zionist state. This extremism entails a morbid dread of Islam. It never regards any Muslim as moderate unless one publicly rejects the Qur’an as “the final manifesto of God,”1 considering this belief a “disturbing cornerstone of Islam,”2 and submitting to the rejection of key parts of the Qur’an.3 Unquestioning support for Israel, along with all other American-approved dictatorships, is the minimum criterion.4 All other factors are irrelevant. The fascistic American track record of accepting “moderates” and rejecting “radicals” is clear.5 The final distinction is not defined by their adherence to Islam, but by the assumed threat they pose to the interests of these extremists. For example, a devout man, fervent in all of his personal rituals but not participating in political affairs, would be a “moderate,” whereas a marginally practicing Muslim with the zeal to voice his opposition to the injustice perpetrated by the extremists’America is classified as a “radical.” In the current political context, a moderate is one who is passive like the devout man, or active like the extremist “moderates” – the Muslim neomods – who openly promote the extremist agenda using Islamic interpretations or “Project Ijthihad”6 as a cover. Hence, the distinction is not academic or religious, but political. Two opposing factors prove this point. First, there are clear commands for Muslims to be moderate by default.7 Moderateness is a prerequisite for all Muslims, not a label of identity for some. Accordingly, Muslims cannot be part-time or partial Muslims (Qur’an 2:208) or reject part of the Qur’an (Qur’an 2:85).8 Hence, such religious labelling is irrelevant. Second, the extremists insist that strong belief in the totality of the Qur’an makes Muslims “Islamists.”9 That is why they believe themselves to be “absolutely at war with the vision of life that is prescribed to all Muslims in the Koran.”10 It means that the standards of “moderateness,” as set by the American extremists, are directed at neutralizing a preconceived threat. Under these circumstances, mere claims of being a “moderate” do not make any difference at all, as long as a Muslim is presented as a threat, however baseless, to the interests of extremist America. Similarly, the so-called extremism in the Muslim world is not the result of Muslims’faith. Rather, it is a function of the perpetually colonized and oppressed people due to the lack of true independence and a central authority to control and productively channel their energies. It is naïve to suggest that a few ill-informed “moderate” individuals or puppet regimes can emulate the abilities of an entire central authority (i.e., the Islamic state) and effect progress and positive meaningful change.


2020 ◽  
pp. 306-308
Author(s):  
V.S. Bochkov

The relevance of the search for solutions to increase the wear resistance of bucket teeth of excavating machine type front shovel is analyzed. The reasons for the wear of the teeth are considered. It is determined that when excavating machines work for rocks of VIII and IX categories, impact-abrasive wear of the inner side of the teeth and abrasive external wear occurs. It is proved that the cold-work hardening of Hadfield steel (the teeth material), which occurs during the excavating machine teeth work in the rocks of VIII and IX categories, reduces the impact-abrasive wear rate on the inner side of the teeth and does not affect the abrasive wear of the outer. The methods for thermomechanical treatment of the outer side of the excavating machine tooth is proposed. It can increase the wear resistance of Hadfield steel (110G13L) up to 1.7 times and lead to the self-sharpening effect of the tooth due to equalization of the wear rate of the outer and inner parts of the tooth. The efficiency factor of thermomechanical treatment to reduce the of abrasive wear rate of Hadfield steel is experimentally proved.


HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 537b-537
Author(s):  
Svoboda V. Pennisi ◽  
Dennis B. McConnell ◽  
Richard W. Henley

Ficus benjamina plants are an integral part of most modern interior landscapes. Reports from growers and interiorscape managers have drawn attention to a specific problem related to large F. benjamina plants, namely the occurrence of a dark oval spot on the abaxial surface of the leaf base. Twelve cultivars of F. benjamina were examined: Christine, Citation, Florida Spire, Kelly, Kiki, Midnight, Monique, Stacey, Wintergreen, Dwarf Nikita, Spearmint, and Starlight. Anatomically, the dorsal gland consisted of one to several layers of densely stained, columnar cells. Positive colorimetric reaction for phenolics was obtained in the glandular cells. Developmentally, the gland cells could not be distinguished from the regular epidermal cells until ≈30% of final leaf size was reached. The cells of the outermost glandular layer changed shape from rectangular with long axis parallel to the leaf surface to elongate with long axis perpendicular to the surface. In a mature leaf, the thickness of the glandular layer was between 20 and 30 μm. Externally, at this stage, no dark spot, indicative of the gland's location, could be observed. In older leaves, however, an accumulation of phenolic substances led to appearance of dorsal dark spot. All cultivars possessed glandular layer. However, this area did not darken in all cultivars; Christine, Citation, Florida Spire, Kelly, Kiki, and Stacey developed small dark spots, while Dwarf Nikita and Starlight had numerous, well-pronounced glandular regions. This study showed that the dark spots in F. benjamina cultivars were a normal morphological feature. Although the gland was present in every cultivar, only a few cultivars developed a dark color.


2010 ◽  
Vol 114 (9) ◽  
pp. 2026-2035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanming Shu ◽  
Jonathan Li ◽  
Hamad Yousif ◽  
Gary Gomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Okahisa ◽  
Keisuke Kojiro ◽  
Hatsuki Ashiya ◽  
Takeru Tomita ◽  
Yuzo Furuta ◽  
...  

Abstract Age is an important factor that dictates bamboo’s mechanical properties. In Japan, bamboo plants aged 3–5 years are selected for use as materials because of their robustness and decorative or craft-friendly characteristics. In this study, the age-dependent and radial sectional differences in bamboo’s dynamic viscoelastic properties in relation to lignin structural variation, were evaluated. We used Phyllostachys pubescens samples at the current year and at 1.5, 3.5, 6.5, 9.5, 12.5, and 15.5 years of age. There was a clear age dependence in the peak temperature of tan δ and in the yield of thioacidolysis products derived from β-O-4 lignin structures. The highest peak temperature tan δ value was detected in 3.5-year-old bamboo, which contained the highest amount of the thioacidolysis products. Moreover, tan δ’s peak temperature was always higher on the outer side, and the ratio of S/G thioacidolysis products was always higher on the inner side of bamboo plants of all ages. These results suggest that changes in bamboo’s thermal softening properties from aging are caused by the maturation and degradation of lignin in bamboo.


Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 897-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Buchnev ◽  
Alexandr Belosludtsev ◽  
Victor Reshetnyak ◽  
Dean R. Evans ◽  
Vassili A. Fedotov

AbstractWe demonstrate experimentally that Tamm plasmons in the near infrared can be supported by a dielectric mirror interfaced with a metasurface, a discontinuous thin metal film periodically patterned on the sub-wavelength scale. More crucially, not only do Tamm plasmons survive the nanopatterning of the metal film but they also become sensitive to external perturbations as a result. In particular, by depositing a nematic liquid crystal on the outer side of the metasurface, we were able to red shift the spectral position of Tamm plasmon by 35 nm, while electrical switching of the liquid crystal enabled us to tune the wavelength of this notoriously inert excitation within a 10-nm range.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaishali Chaudhary ◽  
Shashi Kumar

AbstractOil spills are a potential hazard, causing the deaths of millions of aquatic animals and this leaves a calamitous effect on the marine ecosystem. This research focuses on evaluating the potential of polarimetric parameters in discriminating the oil slick from water and also possible thicker/thinner zones within the slick. For this purpose, L-band UAVSAR quad-pol data of the Gulf of Mexico region is exploited. A total number of 19 polarimetric parameters are examined to study their behavior and ability in distinguishing oil slick from water and its own less or more oil accumulated zones. The simulation of compact-pol data from UAVSAR quad-pol data is carried out which has shown good performance in detection and discrimination of oil slick from water. To know the extent of separation between oil and water classes, a statistical separability analysis is carried out. The outcomes of each polarimetric parameter from separability analysis are then quantified with the radial basis function (RBF) supervised Support Vector Machine classifier followed with an accurate estimation of the results. Moreover, a comparison of the achieved and estimated accuracy has shown a significant drop in accuracy values. It has been observed that the highest accuracy is given by LHV compact-pol decomposition and coherency matrix with a classification accuracy of ~ 94.09% and ~ 94.60%, respectively. The proposed methodology has performed well in discriminating the oil slick by utilizing UAVSAR dataset for both quad-pol and compact-pol simulation.


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