EFFET DU RAYONNEMENT LUMINEUX ET DE LA VITESSE DE L’AIR AMBIANT SUR LA TEMPÉRATURE CORPORELLE DES LARVES ET DES ADULTES DU DORYPHORE DE LA POMME DE TERRE

1997 ◽  
Vol 129 (5) ◽  
pp. 801-808
Author(s):  
Yvan Pelletier ◽  
Gilles Bélanger
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pomme De Terre ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Effect Of Light

AbstractThe effect of light intensity and wind speed on the body temperature of larvae and adults of the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)) was studied in the laboratory. At a light intensity of 0.95 kW m−2 and without wind, the body temperature of larvae and adults was respectively 9.3 and 18.2 °C higher than air temperature. The temperature difference between the body temperature of larvae and adults and the air temperature increased linearly with an increase in light intensity. Wind speed had an important effect on the rate of increase of the body temperature as a function of light intensity in both larvae and adults. Our results demonstrated that the energy balance of larvae and adults differs.

Thermal influence of sunshine and clothing on men walking in humid heat

1962 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. N. Craig ◽  
E. G. Cummings
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Physiological Strain ◽  
Mean Body Temperature ◽  
Clothing Insulation ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Thermal Influence

For two men walking on a treadmill and wearing two layers of permeable clothing, the same physiological strain measured by the rate of increase in mean body temperature could be produced a) next to a building outdoors in the sunshine with an average air temperature of 85 F and humidity of 20 mm Hg and b) indoors with the same humidity and an air temperature 10 F higher. Under these conditions, the underwear was mainly wet with sweat and the outer layer was mainly dry. In comparable indoor tests on a third subject, the temperature of the underwear approached equilibrium 1 or 2 F lower than the temperature of the skin at air temperatures of 85 and 115 F. The error in calculating clothing insulation introduced by assuming the clothing to be dry is determined by the size and direction of the temperature gradient between skin and air. Adding 10 F to the indoor air temperature does not duplicate all the effects of sunshine. Submitted on September 15, 1961

scholarly journals The Regulation of Body Temperature in Extremes of Dry Heat

1912 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Strong Argument ◽  
Dry Heat ◽  
Healthy Man ◽  
Large Reserve

(1) Comfort and health can readily be maintained in dry heat where for long periods the air temperature is above that of the body.(2) The amount of water absolutely required, and actually consumed, is very large; and this is accounted for by the necessity for neutralising, in some circumstances, the whole heat of metabolism (requiring up to 6,000 c.c.) and in addition a variable but sometimes very large amount of heat added to the body by radiation and conduction.(3) A healthy man carries in his body a large reserve of water, this reserve being mainly stored in muscle and being so readily available that the percentage of water in the blood is not appreciably diminished even when several litres of water have been lost by sweating. If, however, it be extensively drawn on, replacement seems to occupy many hours, and this delay is an important factor, forming a strong argument against any undue or needless use of the stored water owing to restriction of drinking.

Hibernation in the Eastern Pygmy Possum, Cercartetus-Nanus (Marsupialia, Burramyidae)

1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Geiser
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Daily Torpor ◽  
Rate Of Oxygen Consumption ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cercartetus Nanus ◽  
Torpor Bouts

The pattern of torpor was examined in the eastern pygmy possum, Cercartetus nanus (21 g). Animals displayed torpor regularly in the laboratory, and the occurrence of torpor increased with decreasing air temperature (T(a)). At high T(a) (18-degrees-C) animals usually exhibited daily torpor, but torpor bouts of up to 2 days were observed occasionally. The duration of torpor bouts lengthened with a lowering of T(a) and the mean bout duration at T(a) = 5-degrees-C was 17.0 +/- 2.5 days. The minimum metabolic rate (measured as rate of oxygen consumption) of torpid individuals was 0.018 +/- 0.003 mL O2 g-1 h-1, which is less than 2% of the basal metabolic rate. The body temperature (T(b)) Of torpid animals fell to a minimum of 1.3 +/- 0.4-degrees-C. These results clearly demonstrate that Cercartetus nanus is a deep hibernator.

The Cooling Power of Pigeon Legs

1988 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUCIE MARTINEAU ◽  
JACQUES LAROCHELLE
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Cooling Power ◽  
Aquatic Bird ◽  
Body Cooling ◽  
Whole Body Cooling

The rate of heat loss from legs and feet (HLEG) was studied in resting pigeons preheated to a body temperature (43.1°C) close to those recorded during flight. The experimental system was designed to allow the calculation of HLEG from whole-body cooling rates following exposure of the legs and feet to various combinations of wind speed (0–75 km h−1) and air temperature (5–25°C). The pigeons remained hyperthermic when their hindlimbs were kept insulated, but their bodies cooled markedly as a result of exposure of the legs and feet. With a 12.5km h−1 wind at 25°C, HLEG corresponded to 240% of the resting heat production. HLEG was increased by higher wind speed and lower air temperature, but it became essentially independent of wind speed above 37.5 km −1. The maximum values of HLEG were 4–6 times as large as the resting heat production and could account for 50–65 % of the total heat produced during flight. It is concluded that in a non-aquatic bird the legs and feet can play a major role in whole-body thermoregulation, both at rest and during flight.

Significance of sweating in heat tolerance of cattle

1958 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 579 ◽  
Author(s):  
DF Dowling
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
Low Humidity ◽  
Skin Moisture

Evidence is presented that sweating is of importance to cattle as a method of regulating body temperature in a hot, dry environment. Cattle were covered with polyethylene coats, which prevented the vaporization of skin moisture from the body surface. They were then exposed to high atmospheric temperatures. Significant differences (P < 0.001) between their rectal temperatures and those of the control animals were demonstrated. It is concluded that, in conditions of high air temperature and radiation and low humidity, differences in heat tolerance between one animal and another may be due to differences in the ability to dissipate heat in the vaporization of sweat on the skin surface.

scholarly journals Comparative physiological and hygienic assessment of the personal protective equipment EP-4(0) in the various assembly according to human thermal state indices

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-233
Author(s):  
Olga V. Burmistrova ◽  
Sergey Yu. Perov ◽  
Tatyana A. Konshina
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Thermal State ◽  
Heat Content ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The article presents results of the study of the impact of the personal protective equipment EP-4 (0) in various assembly (overalls, jacket and trousers, jacket and semi-overall) from power frequency electric field and electrical shock on the thermal state of workers in a heating environment at air temperature 34.8 ○C and relative humidity 48%. Materials and methods. The study involved three men aged 35.3±4.6 years. They did the physical exercise for 40 minutes, had comfortable relaxation for 30 minutes after work. Recorded indices included skin temperature and moisture sensation score on 11 parts of the body, body temperature in the ear canal, heart rate, clothes temperature, heat sensation score, moisture loss, moisture evaporation efficiency. Results. Overalls using had the highest values of heat content, moisture score, heart rate changes, and body temperature increment. Heat content index in the body reached maximum permissible value using overalls earlier than other configurations. Conclusion. The research data showed overalls have the most significant impact on the human thermal state, jacket and trousers have the least impact, jacket and semi-overall take an intermediate place. The configuration including jacket and trousers, jacket and semi-overall under specific operating conditions is the most optimal. Such PPE assembly can be recommended for use in the open area in the summer season at an air temperature of 35 ○C and above, subject to protective requirements.

scholarly journals KADAR NATRIUM SERUM PADA LATIHAN FISIK INTENSITAS RINGAN MAHASISWA FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tifany S. Lesar
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Serum Sodium ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Interstitial Volume ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Effect Of Light

Abstract: Sodium is the most abundant cation in extracellular fluids that creates much of osmotic pressure to maintain intravascular and interstitial volume to protect the body from excessive fluid loss and it is the highest concentration of electrolytes that carried out of the body through sweat. This study aimed to detect changes in sodium levels before and after light intensity exercise in the students year 2010 Faculty of Medicine Sam Ratulangi University. This study was a pre-experimental with one group pretest & posttest design. The respondents on this study were 19-22 years, consisting of 18 men and 12 women. Data was collected by determining the serum sodium levels before and after 30 minutes light intensity physical exercise on treadmill. Sodium levels before physical exercise were 140.70 ± 2.231 and after physical exercise were 141.80 ± 1.750. Statistical test results showed there were significant differences in serum sodium levels before and after light intensity exercise (p =0.001). It can be concluded there is an effect of light intensity physical exercise in serum sodium levels in the students year 2010 Faculty of Medicine Sam Ratulangi University. Keywords: sodium, physical exercise, light intensity.     Abstrak: Natrium merupakan kation terbanyak cairan ekstrasel yang secara osmotik bertanggung jawab mempertahankan volume intravaskular dan interstisial untuk melindungi tubuh terhadap kehilangan cairan yang berlebihan dan natrium merupakan elektrolit dengan konsentrasi tertinggi yang terbawa keluar tubuh melalui keringat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan kadar natrium serum sebelum dan sesudah latihan fisik intensitas ringan pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi angkatan 2010. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pra-eksperimental one group pretest & posttest design. Responden dari penelitian ini berusia 19-22 tahun terdiri dari 18 laki-laki dan 12 perempuan. Data diperoleh melalui pemeriksaan laboratorium yaitu kadar natrium serum sebelum dan sesudah latihan fisik intensitas ringan selama 30 menit berjalan di atas treadmill. Rata-rata kadar natrium sebelum latihan fisik adalah 140.70 ± 2.231 dan sesudah latihan fisik adalah 141.80 ± 1.750. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan signifikan kadar natrium serum sebelum dan sesudah latihan fisik intensitas ringan (p =0.001). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh latihan fisik intensitas ringan terhadap kadar natrium serum mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi angkatan 2010. Kata Kunci: natrium, latihan fisik, intensitas ringan.  

Body temperature lability in sheep and goats during short-term exposures to heat and cold

1971 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Core Temperature ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Body Core

SummaryPassive lability of body core temperature during brief exposures to thermal stress is an efficient means of thermoregulation which few species of domestic animals appear to utilize. The body temperature changes of 30 shorn sheep and 10 shorn goats have been measured during standard heat and cold exposures lasting 7 h. During exposures to heat, air temperature was increased from 20 °C to 45 °C then reduced again to 20 °C. Rectal temperatures of goats and Soay, Welsh Mountain, Merino and Clun Forest sheep rose by an average of 1·96 °C, 1·22 °C, 1·04 °C, 0·85 °C and 0·80 °C respectively. All animals had similar increases in respiratory rate. During exposures to cold, air temperature was reduced from 20 °C to about 6 °C then increased again to 20 °C. Rectal temperatures rose by 0·18–0·20 °C in goats and in all sheep except Soays in which they fell by 0·28 °C. All animals showed moderate to vigorous shivering. None of the animals exhibited passive body temperature lability as an adaptation to thermal stress.

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