scholarly journals PHENOLOGY, MOVEMENT, AND WITHIN-FIELD DISTRIBUTION OF THE GRAPE BERRY MOTH, ENDOPIZA VITEANA (CLEMENS) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), IN NEW YORK VINEYARDS

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 325-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Hoffman ◽  
T.J. Dennehy
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Field Distribution ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Trap Catch ◽  
Male Pheromone ◽  
Degree Day ◽  
Wild Hosts

AbstractFrom 1976 to 1986, the average date of first male pheromone trap catch of grape berry moth was 20 May with an average degree-day (DD) accumulation (base 10 °C) of 150.1 (SE = 13.2). Fifty percent cumulative trap catch of the first generation of males averaged 334.1 (SE = 7.8) DD with an average date of 11 June. Degree-day accumulation was a more accurate method for predicting peak male trap catch than predictions based upon vine phenology and calendar date. Within-field distribution and levels of berry moth infestation were markedly affected by the surrounding habitat. Wooded edges or hedgerows were closely associated with an increase in the level of damage along vineyard borders and higher levels of overall infestation when compared with vineyards without wooded edges. Egg and larval infestation levels in wild hosts (Vitis spp.) were greater than those within adjacent commercial vineyards. Early in the season, male berry moth were trapped in high numbers in wooded areas adjacent to vineyards. After mid-July, males were trapped predominantly within vineyards and few were trapped in wooded edges. Movement of adults from wooded areas into vineyards is not suggested by observed patterns of female oviposition. Females oviposited primarily on wild hosts within the wooded areas and within the adjoining vineyard edges throughout the season.

FORECASTING CODLING MOTH PHENOLOGY BASED ON PHEROMONE TRAP CATCHES AND PHYSIOLOGICAL-TIME MODELS

1976 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 449-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Riedl ◽  
B. A. Croft ◽  
A. J. Howitt
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Trapping Efficiency ◽  
Trap Catch ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe relationship of pheromone trap catch to emergence and oviposition of the codling moth was defined for the two-generation climate of Michigan. Catch anticipated emergence and oviposition during spring flight when the trap displayed greatest efficiency, but lagged behind emergence and closely followed oviposition during the second generation. Trapping efficiency declined towards the end of the first generation and was generally lower during summer flight. Factors which possibly relate to this efficiency loss are discussed. First catch and the catch peaks in both generations were evaluated as reference points for the prediction of phenological events (particularly egg hatch) in both generations Of four forecasting methods, degree day and developmental unit summations, starting from first catch, for the preoviposition and incubation period were most reliable in predicting the beginning of spring brood egg hatch.

scholarly journals Transfer of Macronutrients, Micronutrients, and Toxic Elements from Soil to Grapes to White Wines in Uncontaminated Vineyards

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13271
Author(s):  
Justin B. Richardson ◽  
Jahziel K. Chase
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Dilution Effect ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
White Wines ◽  
Grape Berries ◽  
Dietary Requirements

Wine is a popular beverage and may be a source of nutrient and toxic elements during human consumption. Here, we explored the variation in nutrient and toxic elements from soils to grape berries and commercial white wines (Chardonnay) at five USA vineyards (New York, Vermont, California, Virginia) with strongly contrasting geology, soils, and climates. Samples were analyzed for macronutrients (Ca, K, and Mg), micronutrients (Mn, Cu, and Zn), and toxic elements (As, Cd, and Pb). Our study showed contrasting macronutrient, micronutrient, and toxic element concentrations in soils and in vines, leaves, and grapes. However, plant tissue concentrations did not correspond with total soil concentrations, suggesting a disconnect governing their accumulation. Bioconcentration factors for soil to grape berry transfer suggest the accumulation of Ca, K and Mg in berries while Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, and Pb were generally not accumulated in our study or in previous studies. Wines from the five vineyards studied had comparable nutrient, micronutrient, and toxic metal concentrations as wines from Germany, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Croatia, Czech Republic, and Japan. The transfer of nutrients and toxic elements from grape berries to wine indicated that only Ca, K, and Mg were added or retained while concentrations of all other micronutrients and toxic elements were somewhat to extensively diminished. Thus, there appears to be a substantial effect on the geochemistry of the wine from the grape from either the fermentation process (i.e., flocculation), or a dilution effect. We conclude that soils, geology, and climate do not appear to generate a unique geochemical terroir as the transfer and concentration of inorganic nutrients appear to be comparable across strongly contrasting vineyards. This has several implications for human health. Nutrients in wine have potential impacts for human nutrition, as wine can meet or exceed the recommended dietary requirements of Ca, K, Mg, and Fe, and toxic metals As and Pb concentrations were also non-trivial.

Children of the Holocaust and Cold War

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Susan M. Reverby
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Medical School ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Radical Politics ◽  
American Jews ◽  
Upstate New York ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The Cold War

The prologue situates Alan Berkman as an unexpected American revolutionary. Raised in the 1950s and 1960s in small town upstate New York during the Cold War and as part of the first generation of post-Holocaust American Jews, Berkman was focused on doing his parents proud. The author grew up with him, went to his bar mitzvah, and joined him at Cornell for college. But then their paths diverged as Berkman was focused on medical school while the author saw her future in radical politics. The chapter summarizes the arguments of the book and lays out the path of Berkman’s increasingly revolutionary stances.

Agents and Agency

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-105
Author(s):  
Katina Manko
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Women Managers ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Private Writing ◽  
Daily Contact ◽  
New Recruits ◽  
And Training

The CPC traveling agent was a woman who traveled for several months a year, stopping in small towns on her route to recruit women to sell in their neighborhoods. The traveling agent kept in daily contact with the company in New York, evaluating individual sales reports and earnings, handing out catalogs and sample cases to new recruits, and training women for making sales calls, submitting and receiving orders, and distributing products to customers. A demographic profile of these agents shows that most women were either single or widowed and between the ages of twenty and seventy. An analysis of their work gleaned from company literature, private writing, and the national census shows that most of these women welcomed the independence and opportunity for substantial income beyond what ordinary work offered. This group of women would become the first generation of women managers in the company, overseeing the transition from district to city sales offices in the late 1930s.

Reflections of a “Second Generation” German Emigré: The Impact of my Emigré Professors on a Future Economist

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-425
Author(s):  
Ingrid H. Rima
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Joseph Schumpeter ◽  
Friedrich Engels ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

My reflections are at least partly those of the child of an emigré who grew up to beome an economist. Since my father was an engineer from Germany's Barmen-Elberfeld textile city—also the city of Friedrich Engels—he clearly is not among the first generation of German scholars who were deprived of their professional positions as the Hitler regime came into power. Indeed, somewhat like Joseph Schumpeter, he came to America to grasp an opportunity rather than to avoid a threat. Like many of educated men of his generation, he was fluent in five languages and an ardent student of philosophy, history, and political economy. His move to America, after three or four trial visits, preceded my birth, because in those days before international air travel the seven day ocean voyage between Bremerhaven and New York was so daunting for a woman approaching childbirth that I was close to a year old before our arrival in America. My early childhood was uneventful except for the arrival of two siblings, and the only negative I recall from those early days was that I hated my first name, Ingrid (so carefully chosen by my parents), and longed to be called Jane, Anne or anything other than Ingrid.

THE IMPORTANCE OF PHEROMONE TRAP DENSITY AND TRAP MAINTENANCE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STANDARDIZED MONITORING PROCEDURES FOR THE CODLING MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1980 ◽  
Vol 112 (7) ◽  
pp. 655-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Riedl
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Trap Density ◽  
Trapping Efficiency ◽  
Trap Catch ◽  
Future Performance ◽  
Moth Scales ◽  
Trap Catches

AbstractPheromone trap density is one factor which influences the magnitude of catch and therefore, should be standardized in a monitoring program. Trap catch increased with the area served by a trap, but reached a plateau when the trap density fell below one trap per 7 ha. From these data a quadratic regression was developed which relates the relative increase in trap catch to trap area. This relationship can be used to compare monitoring data obtained with different trap densities.The number of moths previously caught in a sticky trap can affect its future performance. In the Pherocon® 2 trap catches began to decline after a cumulative total of 20 to 30 moths and in the Pherocon 1CP after 50 to 70 moths. The catch totals causing a drop in trapping efficiency were correlated with the size of the adhesive catch surface. The cause for the loss in trapping efficiency appeared to be physical deterioration of the adhesive due to moth scales, other insect parts, or dust rather than an olfactory repellent factor. Trapping efficiency was restored by thoroughly stirring the soiled adhesive. Standard maintenance procedures should be followed to keep the adhesive quality of the catch surface constant and thereby prevent a reduction in catches. Tests with two pheromone dispensers, the Codlemone® rubber septum and the Conrel® microfibres, indicated that both are effective for at least 6 weeks. Codlemone septa resulted in higher catches during the first week of field use. During subsequent weeks there was no difference in attractiveness between the two pheromone lures.

scholarly journals Xan Arch and Isaac Gilman. Academic Library Services for First Generation Students. New York, NY: Libraries Unlimited, 2020. 149p. Paper.

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
New York ◽  
White Students ◽  
Academic Libraries ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Academic Library ◽  
Library Services ◽  
First Generation Students ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
The Social

Xan Arch and Isaac Gilman create a necessary, at times difficult to discuss, piece of writing that should be used by academic libraries across the nation. Academic Library Services for First Generation Students brings forth the question of how to address best librarian practices for first-generation students. They argue that current practices cater to middle-class white students. The academic setting is shaped in such a way that first-generation students are viewed as needing “assistance” when the actual problem lies within the institution and its support systems. This book’s structure facilitates a rich understanding of the problems within these institutions while also offering concrete examples for academic libraries that want to do better. The book begins by describing the social context of first-generation students in higher education generally and then addresses academic libraries in particular. It finishes with examples of how to adapt institutions to better support these students.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document