INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE IN NEW BRUNSWICK POPULATIONS OF THE COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE)

1987 ◽  
Vol 119 (5) ◽  
pp. 459-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilles Boiteau ◽  
R.H. Parry ◽  
C.R. Harris
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Potato Beetle

AbstractA study conducted between 1982 and 1985 established the presence of a limited number of populations of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), resistant to carbofuran in New Brunswick. Additional laboratory tests with two field-collected strains indicated that both were resistant to endosulfan; one strain also showed 43- and 37-fold levels of resistance to carbofuran and phosmet, respectively, and low-level (< 10-fold) resistance to permethrin, fenvalerate, disulfoton, and aldicarb. There has been no measurable spread of resistance.

INCIDENCE OF INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE IN POPULATIONS OF COLORADO POTATO BEETLE, LEPTINOTARSA DECEMLINEATA (SAY) (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE), ON PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND

1997 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff G. Stewart ◽  
George G. Kennedy ◽  
Antony V. Sturz
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Azinphos Methyl ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata Say

AbstractA survey of 65 populations of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), from locations across Prince Edward Island in 1993 indicated that insecticide resistance was widespread, but was most prevalent in the western and central potato-producing areas. Of the populations surveyed, 31, 26, 19, and 4% were classified as resistant to permethrin, carbofuran, azinphos-methyl, and endosulfan, respectively. Of 53 populations surveyed for resistance to these four insecticides, 13, six, four, and one of the populations were classified as resistant to one, two, three, and four insecticides, respectively.

Susceptibility of Prepupae of the Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) to Entomopathogenic Nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae, Heterorhabditidae)

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
William W. Cantelo ◽  
William R. Nickle
Keyword(s):  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata Say ◽  
The Cost

This research investigated the ability of five species or strains of parasitic nematodes to control the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), when beetle prepupae were released on potting soil containing the nematodes. The nematodes tested were: Steinernema carpocapsae Weiser (All strain); S. carpocapsae (Mexican strain); S. feltiae (= bibionis) (Filipjev) (strain #27); S. feltiae (strain #980) and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar. Six dosage levels ranging from 10.3 to 329.2 nematodes/cm2, in addition to the water-only controls, were used in these laboratory tests. Each dosage-strain combination was replicated four times with 20 prepupae exposed to each individual treatment. The five strains demonstrated 100% kill at 164.6 nematodes/cm2. Except for the Mexican strain of S. carpocapsae, every strain produced over 98% mortality at 82.3 nematodes/cm2. Dosage response regression equations were calculated for each strain. Although field applications probably would require higher rates to obtain the same mortality, the use of parasitic nematodes has potential for suppressing Colorado potato beetle populations. The cost or dosage rate of nematodes may have to be reduced before the control costs would be acceptable to a grower.

scholarly journals A model species for agricultural pest genomics: the genome of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean D. Schoville ◽  
Yolanda H. Chen ◽  
Martin N. Andersson ◽  
Joshua B. Benoit ◽  
Anita Bhandari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Evolutionary Change ◽  
Rnai Pathway ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Genomic Changes ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Rapid Evolutionary Change

AbstractThe Colorado potato beetle is one of the most challenging agricultural pests to manage. It has shown a spectacular ability to adapt to a variety of solanaceaeous plants and variable climates during its global invasion, and, notably, to rapidly evolve insecticide resistance. To examine evidence of rapid evolutionary change, and to understand the genetic basis of herbivory and insecticide resistance, we tested for structural and functional genomic changes relative to other arthropod species using genome sequencing, transcriptomics, and community annotation. Two factors that might facilitate rapid evolutionary change include transposable elements, which comprise at least 17% of the genome and are rapidly evolving compared to other Coleoptera, and high levels of nucleotide diversity in rapidly growing pest populations. Adaptations to plant feeding are evident in gene expansions and differential expression of digestive enzymes in gut tissues, as well as expansions of gustatory receptors for bitter tasting. Surprisingly, the suite of genes involved in insecticide resistance is similar to other beetles. Finally, duplications in the RNAi pathway might explain why Leptinotarsa decemlineata has high sensitivity to dsRNA. The L. decemlineata genome provides opportunities to investigate a broad range of phenotypes and to develop sustainable methods to control this widely successful pest.

scholarly journals Genome resequencing reveals rapid, repeated evolution in the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Pélissié ◽  
Yolanda H. Chen ◽  
Zachary P. Cohen ◽  
Michael S. Crossley ◽  
David J. Hawthorne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Genome Resequencing ◽  
Novel Mutations ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
Potato Beetle

AbstractBackgroundInsecticide resistance and rapid pest evolution threatens food security and the development of sustainable agricultural practices. An improved understanding of the evolutionary mechanisms that allow pests to rapidly adapt to novel control tactics will help prevent economically damaging outbreaks. The Colorado potato beetle (CPB), Leptinotarsa decemlineata, is a global super-pest that rapidly evolves resistance to insecticides. Using whole genome resequencing and transcriptomic data focused on its ancestral and pest range in North America, we assess evidence for three, non-mutually exclusive models of rapid evolution: pervasive selection on novel mutations, rapid regulatory evolution, and repeated selection on standing genetic variation.ResultsPopulation genomic analysis demonstrates that CPB is geographically structured, even among recently established pest populations. Pest populations exhibit only modest reductions in nucleotide diversity, relative to non-pest ancestral populations, and show evidence of recent demographic expansion. Genome scans of selection provide clear signatures of repeated adaptation across different CPB populations, with especially strong evidence that insecticide resistance involves selection of different genes in different populations. Similarly, analyses of gene expression show that constitutive upregulation of candidate insecticide resistance genes drives distinctive population patterns.ConclusionCPB evolves insecticide resistance repeatedly across agricultural regions, and oftentimes at the same loci, supporting a prominent role of polygenic evolution from standing genetic variation. Despite expectations, we do not find support for strong selection on novel mutations, or rapid evolution from selection on regulatory genes. An important future goal will be to understand how polygenic resistance phenotypes spread among local pest populations, in order to refine integrated pest management practices to maintain the efficacy and sustainability of novel control techniques.

scholarly journals The role of structural variants in pest adaptation and genome evolution of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Cohen ◽  
D J Hawthorne ◽  
Sean Schoville
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Nucleotide Substitutions ◽  
Resistance Evolution ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata Say

Structural variations (SVs) have been associated with genetic diversity and adaptation in diverse taxa. Despite these observations, it is not yet clear what their relative importance is for microevolution, especially with respect to known drivers of diversity, e.g., nucleotide substitutions, in rapidly adapting species. Here we examine the significance of SVs in pesticide resistance evolution of the agricultural super-pest, the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata. By employing a trio-binning procedure, we develop near chromosomal reference genomes to characterize structural variation within this species. These updated assemblies represent >100-fold improvement of contiguity and include derived pest and ancestral non-pest individuals. We identify >200,000 SVs, which appear to be non-randomly distributed across the genome as they co-occur with transposable elements. SVs intersect exons for genes associated with insecticide resistance, development, and transcription, most notably cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes. To understand the role that SVs might play in adaptation, we incorporate an additional 66 genomes among pest and non-pest populations of North America into the SV graph. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and SVs have a similar proportion in coding and non-coding regions of the genome, but there is a deficit of SNPs in SVs, suggesting SVs may be under selection. Using multiple lines of evidence, we identify 28 positively selected genes that include 337 SVs and 442 outlier SNPs. Among these, there are four associated with insecticide resistance. Two of these genes (CYP4g15 and glycosyltransferase-13) are physically linked by a structural variant and have previously been shown to be co-induced during insecticide exposure.

COLD TOLERANCE IN THE COLORADO POTATO BEETLE, LEPTINOTARSA DECEMLINEATA (SAY) (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE)

1996 ◽  
Vol 128 (6) ◽  
pp. 1087-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilles Boiteau ◽  
Warren Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Seasonal Change ◽  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽  
Gut Content ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata Say ◽  
Burrowing Behaviour

AbstractThe seasonal change in the level of cold tolerance in a field population of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), is described for a northern location. Survival of overwintering adult beetles is highest from September through January. After that it falls to a lower level that is maintained until beetle emergence in May or June. The seasonal change in the level of cold tolerance is parallel to the change in the intensity of diapause but not to the change in the low temperature exotherm. The value of the low temperature exotherm is variable but averages −8.8°C for active beetles on plants and −11.7°C for soil-collected overwintering beetles in their deep diapause phase. Experimental results suggest that reduction of the gut content and increase in the amount of body fat in diapausing beetles is sufficient to lower the low temperature exotherm by a few degrees. The diapausing state itself, without cold acclimation, is sufficient to increase cold tolerance. However, results suggest that it is not the level of cold tolerance of the Colorado potato beetle provided by the diapausing process that has allowed this species to extend its range northward into New Brunswick but its accompanying burrowing behaviour.

Is there a role for stripes of adults and colour of larvae in determining the avoidance of the Colorado potato beetle by the American toad?

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 468-478
Author(s):  
G. Boiteau ◽  
P. C. McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Bufo Americanus ◽  
American Toad ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata Say ◽  
Toad Bufo

It has been suggested that the stripes on the elytra of the adult Colorado potato beetle ( Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say, 1824); Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and the red colouration of the larvae are aposematic characters warning predators of their distastefulness as prey. The role of stripes and red colour in determining the avoidance behaviour of the American Toad ( Bufo americanus Holbrook, 1836 = Anaxyrus americanus (Holbrook, 1836); Anura: Bufonidae) for the Colorado potato beetle was investigated in a series of laboratory tests. The behaviour of toads exposed to wild Colorado potato beetles was compared with that of toads exposed to genetic mutant Colorado potato beetles without elytral stripes. Tests confirmed the distastefulness of adult and larval stages and demonstrated the development of prey avoidance (cessation of feeding in spite of hunger) combined or not to behavioural displays where the toad plants down, crouches, and turns away or shows wincing, prey dropping, and mouth gaping after snapping at the beetle. However, toads showed the same response to mutant adult beetles without stripes and to mutant larval beetles without the red colour as to wild adult beetles with stripes and to wild red larvae. Results indicate that the stripes and the red colouration of the Colorado potato beetle do not constitute aposematic characters for the toad.

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