LETHAL AND SUBLETHAL EFFECTS PRODUCED BY THREE LASERS ON TWO TROGODERMA SPECIES (COLEOPTERA: DERMESTIDAE): II. HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES

1973 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-525
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Kobylnyk ◽  
Walter H. A. Wilde
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Laser ◽  
Ruby Laser ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Late Instar ◽  
Sublethal Doses ◽  
High Doses

AbstractDorsal anterior abdomens of late instar larvae of Trogoderma inclusum Le Conte and T. variabile Ballion were exposed to six doses from each of three lasers. The effects were followed for 183 days after lasing. Ruby (1.6–9.5 j/cm2) and neodymium (4.3–24.9 j/cm2) lasing killed the darker T. variabile larvae at lower doses than those required to kill the paler T. inclusum larvae. Dehydration through ruptured exocuticle and denatured cuticle was the main cause of death. Carbon dioxide (2.1–12.7 j/cm2) lasing killed larvae of both species at intermediate and high doses due to denaturation, degeneration of the fat body, and inhibition of moulting.At sublethal doses, subsequent instars bore lesions which lacked exocuticle and setae. Internally, the lesions consisted of wavy cuticle and thickened, vacuolated epidermis. These lesions were reversible because they regressed with moulting. Additional setae occurred in lesions of later instars where exocuticle had been initially lacking. In terms of irradiance, mortality, penetration, and persistence of lesions, the carbon dioxide laser was the most effective, the ruby laser was intermediate, and the neodymium laser the least effective.

LETHAL AND SUBLETHAL EFFECTS PRODUCED BY THREE LASERS ON TWO TROGODERMA SPECIES (COLEOPTERA: DERMESTIDAE): I. GENERAL DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES

1973 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Kobylnyk ◽  
Walter H. A. Wilde
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Egg Development ◽  
Late Instar ◽  
Sublethal Doses ◽  
High Doses

AbstractDorsal anterior abdomens of late instar larvae of Trogoderma inclusum Le Conte and T. variabile Ballion were exposed to six doses from each of three lasers. The effects were followed for 183 days after lasing. Ruby (1.6–9.5 j/cm2) and neodymium (4.3–24.9 j/cm2) lasing killed the darker T. variabile larvae at lower doses than those required to kill the paler T. inclusum larvae. Carbon dioxide (2.1–12.7 j/cm2) lasing killed larvae of both species at intermediate and high doses. At sublethal doses, none of the three lasers affected development in terms of feeding, photonegative behavior, diapause, pupation, metamorphosis, reproductive mating behavior, fecundity, or egg development.

Lased Enamel: Ultrastructural Observations of Pulsed Carbon Dioxide Laser Effects

1972 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph H. Stern ◽  
Johanna Vahl ◽  
Reidar F. Sognnaes
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Laser ◽  
Ruby Laser ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Human Enamel ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Laser Effect ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Surface Changes

Scanning electron microscopic observations of the pulsed carbon dioxide laser effect on human enamel support microradiographic findings and indicate that this laser is significantly more efficient than the ruby laser within the limits of this investigation. Surface changes which were suggestive of fusion occurred between energy densities of 13 to 50 joules per square centimeter.

Treatment of acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules (Hori's nevus) using a combination of scanned carbon dioxide laser followed by Q-switched ruby laser

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woraphong Manuskiatti ◽  
Apichati Sivayathorn ◽  
Panadda Leelaudomlipi ◽  
Richard E. Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Laser ◽  
Ruby Laser ◽  
Nevus Of Ota

scholarly journals Change in Life Expectancy and Stable Age Distribution of the Diamondback Moth, Plutella Xylostella (L.) After Indoxacarb Treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mahmoudvand ◽  
Habib Abbasipour ◽  
Aziz Garjan ◽  
Ali Bandani
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
Stable Age Distribution ◽  
Sublethal Doses ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Sublethal Concentrations

Change in Life Expectancy and Stable Age Distribution of the Diamondback Moth,Plutella Xylostella(L.) After Indoxacarb TreatmentUsing high doses of insecticides is very dangerous for the environments and for humans. Decreased concentrations are necessary. Insecticides have lethal and sublethal effects. The aim of the present study was to determine the behavior ofPlutella xylostellawhen exposed to sublethal doses of indoxacarb in terms of the age-specific fecundity (mx), life expectancy (ex) and stable age distribution (Cx). Also, the effects of sublethals on the pre-oviposition, oviposition and post-oviposition period of this insect were investigated. The results show that exposure to this insecticide decreased the age-specific fecundity (mx) and life expectancy (ex) of the insect. Although the pre-oviposition period was delayed in the treated groups, the post-oviposition period significantly decreased when exposed to LC10and LC25doses (the dose concentrations killed 10 and 25% of the populations) of indoxacarb. The oviposition period did not change. Furthermore, sublethal concentrations of the applied insecticide caused changes in the exposed structure.

Effect of RH-2485 on development, metamorphosis and synthesis of major proteins in female silkworm Bombyx mori

Biologia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayyamperumal Rajathi ◽  
Jeyaraj Pandiarajan ◽  
Muthukalingan Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Ovary Development ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Sublethal Doses ◽  
Silkworm Bombyx Mori

AbstractToxicological data on silkworm Bombyx mori are quite comparable to those of other lepidopteran pest insects, therefore, it is considered as a suitable model for exploring effects of any new synthetic formulations. In this study, female V instar larvae of silk moth B. mori were chosen to evaluate the lethal and sublethal toxicity effects of RH-2485 (methoxyfenozide), a non-steroidal ecdysteroid agonist and to substantiate the ecdysteroid mimicking action of RH-2485 on ovary development, vitellogenin incorporation and egg production in isolated pupal abdomen (IPA). Probit analysis was carried out to find the median lethal dose (LD50) from 96 h cumulative mortality percent. Protein profile of haemolymph, fat body, ovary and eggs were separated in SDS-PAGE. Western blot analysis was carried out to confirm vitellogenin in the ovary. Sublethal effects on feeding, cocoon spinning, pupation, adult emergence and egg production were studied at doses of 1/5th, 1/10th and 1/20th of LD50. Significant changes were observed in all these parameters at all three sublethal doses. The morphological effects were related to underlying biochemical changes by finding the changes in haemolymph, fat body, ovary and egg protein profile. Marked changes were observed in storage proteins (80 kDa) and 30 kDa proteins in the haemolymph at all three sublethal doses. The larvae that escaped the sublethal effects at a dose of 1/20 of LD50 and emerged as adults with malformed wings produced significantly lower number of eggs. The isolated pupal abdomen (IPA) treated with RH-2485 did not metamorphose into adult but the oocyte development and vitellogenesis were normal but the egg precursor processing was incomplete leading to failure in choriogenesis.

Electron Cytochemical Study of Carbon Dioxide Laser Effect on Rhesus Monkey Cornea

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 224-225
Author(s):  
K. C. Tsou ◽  
J. Morris ◽  
P. Shawaluk ◽  
B. Stuck ◽  
E. Beatrice
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Rhesus Monkey ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Laser ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Laser Effect

While much is known regarding the effect of lasers on the retina, little study has been done on the effect of lasers on cornea, because of the limitation of the size of the material. Using a combination of electron microscope and several newly developed cytochemical methods, the effect of laser can now be studied on eye for the purpose of correlating functional and morphological damage. The present paper illustrates such study with CO2 laser on Rhesus monkey.

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