THE EFFECT OF PREY DEFENSE ON THE FUNCTIONAL RESPONSE OF PODISUS MODESTUS (HEMIPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE) TO DENSITIES OF THE SAWFLIES NEODIPRION SWAINEI AND N. PRATTI BANKSIANAE (HYMENOPTERA: NEODIPRIONIDAE)

1972 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Tostowaryk
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Functional Response ◽  
Response Curve ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Colonial Species ◽  
Sawfly Larvae ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
Defense Reactions ◽  
The Social

AbstractExperiments were carried out to determine the functional response of Podisus modestus (Dallas) to densities of two colonial species of jack pine sawfly, Neodiprion swainei (Middleton) and N. pratti banksianae (Rohwer). Two types of functional response curve were exhibited by the pentatomids, a domed response curve and a negatively accelerated curve.The domed response was caused by the more effective defense reactions of the sawfly larvae at higher densities.An equation is proposed for the domed response curve. The implications of the domed functional response are discussed in relation to the social behavior of these sawflies.

Increased Mortality of the Swaine Jack-pine Sawfly, and Foliar Nitrogen Concentrations After Urea Fertilization

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Smirnoff ◽  
B. Bernier
Keyword(s):  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Foliar Nitrogen ◽  
Sawfly Larvae ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
Direct Measurements ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Urea Fertilization

Mortality of the Swaine jack-pine sawfly larvae (Neodiprionswainei Midd.) introduced as colonies on jack-pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) foliage was measured in untreated and urea-treated plots of natural forest. Following applications of urea (400 kg N/ha) repeated in two successive years, natural mortality increased from 40 to 70% after 4 weeks, from 33 to 51% after 6 weeks, and from 18 to 36% after 4 weeks for larvae introduced as 1st instar, 2nd instar, and 3rd instar, respectively. This was accompanied by a marked reduction in foliage consumption as revealed by direct measurements or by the weight of frass collected. With 3rd-instar larvae sprayed with a suspension of the virus Borrelinavirusswainei (Smirnoff), viral infection developed much more rapidly in larvae placed on fertilized trees, mortality reaching 100%, double that measured on unfertilized trees. Single applications of urea at lower rates (100 and 200 kg N/ha) revealed a trend of increasing mortality for both unsprayed and virus-sprayed larvae with increasing urea application rate and increasing nitrogen concentration in the needles. Changes in the nitrogenous composition of needle tissue are considered an important factor in the increased larval mortality.

A stranger in the family? On the social behavior of a leucistic collared peccary (Pecari tajacu) with pigmented conspecifics

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-305
Author(s):  
Valdir Leite da Silva ◽  
José Cândido ◽  
José Nelson Campanha ◽  
Doraci R. de Oliveira ◽  
Carla Gheler-Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Pecari Tajacu ◽  
Collared Peccary

scholarly journals Pharmacological modulation of AMPA receptors rescues specific impairments in social behavior associated with the A350V Iqsec2 mutation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renad Jabarin ◽  
Nina Levy ◽  
Yasmin Abergel ◽  
Joshua H. Berman ◽  
Amir Zag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Ampa Receptors ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Social Discrimination ◽  
Glutamatergic Synapses ◽  
Behavioral Deficits ◽  
Pharmacological Modulation ◽  
The Social ◽  
State Preference ◽  
Molecular Pathophysiology

AbstractIn this study we tested the hypothesis that pharmacological modulation of glutamatergic neurotransmission could rescue behavioral deficits exhibited by mice carrying a specific mutation in the Iqsec2 gene. The IQSEC2 protein plays a key role in glutamatergic synapses and mutations in the IQSEC2 gene are a frequent cause of neurodevelopmental disorders. We have recently reported on the molecular pathophysiology of one such mutation A350V and demonstrated that this mutation downregulates AMPA type glutamatergic receptors (AMPAR) in A350V mice. Here we sought to identify behavioral deficits in A350V mice and hypothesized that we could rescue these deficits by PF-4778574, a positive AMPAR modulator. Using a battery of social behavioral tasks, we found that A350V Iqsec2 mice exhibit specific deficits in sex preference and emotional state preference behaviors as well as in vocalizations when encountering a female mouse. The social discrimination deficits, but not the impaired vocalization, were rescued with a single dose of PF-4778574. We conclude that social behavior deficits associated with the A350V Iqsec2 mutation may be rescued by enhancing AMPAR mediated synaptic transmission.

Field Dependence and Self-Disclosure

1973 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 735-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquin F. Sousa-Poza ◽  
Robert Rohrberg ◽  
Ernest Shulman
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Field Dependence ◽  
The Self ◽  
Social Stimuli ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
The Social ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Personality Theories

Some characteristics of the social behavior of field-dependents as well as their superior recognition of ambiguous social stimuli led to the hypothesis that they would show greater self-disclosure than field-independents. This hypothesis was tested by administering the 60-item Jourard Self-disclosure Questionnaire (JSDQ) to 13 field-dependent and 13 field-independent Ss. In terms of total self-disclosure scores, field-dependents showed significantly (.025) higher levels than field-independents. Results are discussed in light of personality theories which emphasize the role of self-conceptual transactions in the development of the self.

The Social Behavior of Prairie Dogs

1959 ◽  
Vol 201 (4) ◽  
pp. 128-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. King
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Prairie Dogs ◽  
The Social
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