scholarly journals AN IMPROVED MASS-REARING METHOD OF THE CARROT RUST FLY, PSILA ROSAE (DIPTERA: PSILIDAE)

1971 ◽  
Vol 103 (7) ◽  
pp. 1033-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Städler
Keyword(s):  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Psila Rosae ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Rearing Method ◽  
Yeast Hydrolysate

AbstractProtein fed to adults of the carrot rust fly, Psila rosae F., enhanced oviposition: the addition of yeast hydrolysate to the sugar diet resulted in a 50% increase in oviposition, giving an average of 75 eggs per female.A description is given of a simple oviposition device, which allows normal oviposition (compared with sand).Carrots planted in sand gave best rearing results when inoculated with eggs 14 days after insertion. Germinating carrot seeds placed on top of the sand improved the rate of development of the eggs to pupae from 40% to 62%.

A SIMPLE TECHNIQUE FOR MASS-REARING THE ONION MAGGOT (DIPTERA: ANTHOMYIIDAE) ON AN ARTIFICIAL DIET

1970 ◽  
Vol 102 (12) ◽  
pp. 1554-1558 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Allen ◽  
W. L. Askew
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Cellulose Powder ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Wheat Embryo ◽  
Onion Maggot ◽  
Hylemya Antiqua ◽  
Yeast Hydrolysate

AbstractA gelatine-based diet for rearing the onion maggot, Hylemya antiqua (Meigen), that contains sucrose, evaporated milk, yeast hydrolysate, wheat embryo, cellulose powder, n-propyl disulfide, water, and antibiotics is described. Three consecutive generations reared on this medium were equal in puparial weights, percentages of pupation, adult emergence, and egg hatch, to those reared on onion bulbs. The procedure is simple and two man-hours per week is sufficient for producing 1000 maggots daily.

A METHOD FOR REARING VARIOUS SPECIES OF SOCIAL WASPS OF THE GENUS POLISTES (HYMENOPTERA: VESPIDAE) UNDER CONTROLLED CONDITIONS

1977 ◽  
Vol 109 (7) ◽  
pp. 1013-1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Gibo
Keyword(s):  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Social Wasps ◽  
Colony Founding ◽  
Rearing Method ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Caste Differences

Wasps of the genus Polistes have a number of characteristics that make them particularly suitable for studies on insect social behaviour. The females construct nests with exposed combs, have a reasonably complex social behaviour, and usually lack obvious morphological caste differences. In addition, the adults of many species establish colonies as groups of siblings (foundress associations), a method which is intermediate between colony founding by swarming, and colony founding by individual queens (Wilson 1971). Because of these characteristics, Polistes have been of interest to biologists who are concerned with the evolution of social behaviour in insects (e.g. Alexander 1974, Gibo 1974, Lin and Michener 1972, West 1967, West Eberhard 1969, 1975). Consequently, there is a need for a simple technique for rearing various species of Polistes under controlled conditions. Gibo (1974) briefly described modifications of Gillaspy's (1971) rearing method for P. apachus which made mass rearing of P. fascatus possible. This note describes the modified method in greater detail, and includes improvements that have resulted in increased yield and greater synchrony of colony growth. The improvements have been developed over 3 years and the method has been used to rear more than 100 colonies of various species of Polistes, including P. fuscatus, P. apachus, and P. dorsalis.

Interaction of Apanteles fumiferanae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Nosema fumiferanae (Microsporidia) parasitizing spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 2047-2050 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. G. Nealis ◽  
S. M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Adult Longevity ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Larval Female ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Larval Parasites

The relationship between a braconid parasitoid, Apanteles fumiferanae, and a microsporidian pathogen, Nosema fumiferanae, two larval parasites frequently coincident in the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana, was examined in the laboratory. When Apanteles was reared in spruce budworm infected with high levels of Nosema (i.e., more than 20 × 106 spores/mg dry weight), there was a slight reduction in the within-host rate of development of larval female Apanteles, but survival, within-cocoon rate of development, cocoon weight, and adult longevity were not affected. There was no evidence that any stage of Apanteles was infected with spores of Nosema. A few adult female parasitoids were found to carry spores of Nosema on their integuments but it is unlikely that Apanteles is an important vector of the microsporidian. We conclude that these natural enemies of budworm do not interact significantly in their common host. The implications for population dynamics of the spruce budworm and mass rearing of Apanteles are discussed.

A simple mass rearing method for dipha aphidivora, the pyralid predator of sugarcane woolly aphid ceratovacuna lanigera

Sugar Tech ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 160-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Mukunthan ◽  
R. Nirmala ◽  
G. Santhalakshmi ◽  
J. Srikanth ◽  
B. Singaravelu
Keyword(s):  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Rearing Method ◽  
Woolly Aphid ◽  
Simple Mass ◽  
Ceratovacuna Lanigera

A Mass-Rearing Method for the Assassin Bug Pristhesancus plagipennis (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Grundy ◽  
Derek A. Maelzer ◽  
Allan Bruce ◽  
Errol Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Rearing Method ◽  
Pristhesancus Plagipennis ◽  
Assassin Bug

RATE OF DEVELOPMENT, REPRODUCTION, AND MASS-REARING OF APANTELES FUMIFERANAE VIER. (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) UNDER CONTROLLED CONDITIONS

1988 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.G. Nealis ◽  
S. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Complete Development ◽  
Dependent Rate ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Daily Rate ◽  
Adult Wasp

AbstractThe temperature-dependent rate of development of the post-diapause larval and pupal stages of the spruce budworm parasitoid, Apanteles fumiferanae Vier., was estimated under controlled conditions. Parasitoid larvae required 289.0 degree-days (DD) above a threshold of 8.1 °C to complete development and the pupae required 106.2 DD above a threshold of 9.6 °C to complete development. Longevity of the adult wasp at several temperatures also was examined. Female wasps lived longer than male wasps at all temperatures. Wasps tended to mate more readily under natural than under artificial light conditions.Newly emerged female A. fumiferanae had few, if any, mature eggs in their ovaries. The number of mature eggs increased to a peak of 40–75 eggs, 4–12 days after eclosion of the adult. The pattern in number of ovipositions was similar to this pattern of egg availability. The daily rate of oviposition, however, was only about one-quarter the number of eggs available.These biological measurements are discussed in view of the development of a mass-rearing technique for this parasitoid.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE CARROT RUST FLY, PSILA ROSAE (DIPTERA: PSILIDAE), RELATIVE TO TEMPERATURE IN THE LABORATORY

1981 ◽  
Vol 113 (7) ◽  
pp. 569-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Thermal Constant ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Psila Rosae ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Threshold Temperatures ◽  
Thermal Constants ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe effect of temperature on development of the carrot rust fly, Psila rosae (F.), was determined at constant temperatures in the laboratory. The relationship between rate of development and temperature was essentially linear from 10° to 17.5°C but began to diverge from linearity between 17.5° and 20°C. Estimated threshold temperatures (t) and thermal constants (K) for development of overwintered pupae were 2.3°C and 319 degree-days (dd) for first emergence and 1.8°C and 368 dd for 50% emergence. For laboratory-reared stages, t and K values were 4.1°C and 102 dd for egg hatch, 2.0°C and 642 dd for development from egg to mature larvae, and 3.0°C and 107 dd for pupation. Development in the laboratory from egg (less than 24 h old) to adult was completed in 59, 70, and 81 days at 20°, 17.5°, and 15°C respectively; no threshold or thermal constant was estimated because few or no individuals completed development to adult at 12.5° or 10°C within expected times, presumably because diapause was induced at these temperatures.

A laboratory method for mass rearing the orange wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Chaminda De Silva Weeraddana ◽  
Ian Wise ◽  
Robert J. Lamb ◽  
Sheila Wolfe ◽  
Tyler Wist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Sitodiplosis Mosellana ◽  
Rearing Method ◽  
Crop Resistance ◽  
Wheat Midge ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Wheat Blossom Midge

Abstract Orange wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), has been successfully reared in the laboratory for more than 20 years in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. The rearing method has been developed to the point where it efficiently produces large numbers of wheat midge continuously under laboratory conditions for use in experiments on wheat midge biology and for screening wheat lines for crop resistance. Adult survival was extended by providing high humidity, and oviposition was increased by simulating natural dawn and dusk conditions and by supplying preflowering spring wheat to adults. Preventing desiccation of the wheat midge larvae in the wheat spikes before overwintering in soil and providing optimal cold conditions for a long enough period to break larval diapause enabled successful adult emergence. We provide data to facilitate the coordination of timing of wheat midge emergence from diapause with the wheat susceptible period. The method can be readily scaled up for screening many lines for resistance or scaled down for small experiments. Here, we report details of the rearing method so that others can implement it for research on the management of this internationally important pest.

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