ENOCLERUS SPHEGEUS (COLEOPTERA: CLERIDAE), A PREDATOR OF DENDROCTONUS PONDEROSAE (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) IN THE BLACK HILLS

1970 ◽  
Vol 102 (8) ◽  
pp. 969-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Dendroctonus Ponderosae ◽  
Larval Density ◽  
Black Hills ◽  
Adult Beetle ◽  
Beetle Population ◽  
Enoclerus Sphegeus

AbstractEnoclerus sphegeus Fabricius adults were most abundant on trees infested with Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins in May and June of 1966 and 1967. Greatest numbers of adults were observed on the bole from 0 to 5 ft aboveground, apparently in response to the activity of other scolytids. In the laboratory, each adult killed about 1 D. ponderosae per day, and each larva killed about 25 D. ponderosae during development. Mean larval densities were generally less than 0.2 per square foot at four different sampling heights on the tree bole during the overwintering period. Densities were greatest at all heights in July. Maximum larval density was observed at the 1.5-ft height. Larvae began leaving the trees for pupation sites in July of both years. It is estimated that adult clerids consume less than 1% of the adult beetle population during their attack period and the clerid larvae kill 5–11% of the beetle brood.

MEDETERA ALDRICHII (DIPTERA: DOLICHOPODIDAE) IN THE BLACK HILLS: I. EMERGENCE AND BEHAVIOR OF ADULTS

1970 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 705-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Dendroctonus Ponderosae ◽  
Black Hills ◽  
Modal Number ◽  
Emergence Period ◽  
Resin Ducts ◽  
And Behavior

AbstractThe number of Medetera aldrichii Wheeler adults emerging daily in 1966 and 1967 was low and irregular. Peak numbers apparently emerged 20–30 days prior to mass emergence of Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins although the numbers fluctuated through the mass emergence period of the beetle. Densities of emerging adults averaged less than 1 per square foot of bark and never exceeded 6.0 per square foot. Densities of the emerging flies and beetles did not appear related.Adults mated on the bark surface of trees infested with D. ponderosae; mating habits are described.Females oviposited in degenerate resin ducts in the bark surface. Two eggs per duct were the modal number. Seven or more per duct were found in less than 5% of the ducts examined.

FLIGHT MUSCLE CHANGES IN BLACK HILLS BEETLES, DENDROCTONUS PONDEROSAE (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE), DURING EMERGENCE AND EGG LAYING

1969 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. McCambridge ◽  
S. A. Mata
Keyword(s):  
Flight Muscle ◽  
Dendroctonus Ponderosae ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Black Hills ◽  
Indirect Flight Muscle ◽  
Muscle Changes

AbstractThe lateralis medius, an indirect flight muscle of Black Hills beetles, degenerated abruptly in females within 3 days after attack. Egg laying began at the end of the 3 days. Thickness of the muscle changed much more than width. Regeneration began in most ovipositing females about 10 days after attack. Steady development of the muscle to its maximum size, reached prior to beetle emergence, offers a method of forecasting emergence.

Introduction and establishment of baculovirus for the control of rhinoceros beetle Oryctes rhinoceros (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in the Andaman Islands (India)

1996 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.K. Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Andaman Islands ◽  
Virus Release ◽  
Adult Beetle ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Beetle Population ◽  
Oryctes Rhinoceros ◽  
Rhinoceros Beetle ◽  
Rate Of Spread ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Population Suppression

AbstractThe Kerala isolate of Oryctes baculovirus (OBV-KI) was introduced into the Andaman Islands in May 1987 for the population suppression of Oryctes rhinoceros (Linnaeus). The virus was released initially at four locations along the island chain. In all the places of virus release, damage to coconut palms was reduced by about 90% within 43 months of release. At one place of virus release, Sipighat, the adult beetle population in the field was reduced by 80% within 18 months and by 96% by the end of 55th month of release. Sixty per cent of the adult beetle population in the field showed symptoms of infection 30 months after virus release. The decline in the numbers of breeding sites at Viper Island and Sipighat were 100% and 98% respectively at the end of 43 months of virus release. The rate of spread of the virus in the field was estimated to be about 1 km/month. The beetle population remained at low levels after the establishment of the virus in these islands.

MEDETERA ALDRICHII (DIPTERA: DOLICHOPODIDAE) IN THE BLACK HILLS: II. BIOLOGY AND DENSITIES OF THE IMMATURE STAGES

1971 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 848-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Dendroctonus Ponderosae ◽  
Black Hills ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Fly Larvae

AbstractMedetera aldrichii Wheeler larvae enter galleries of Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins through the beetle entrance holes. Observed larval densities of the fly were greatest in the May–June period following beetle attack. Densities were consistently greatest in the portion of the tree 5–10 ft aboveground; averaging around 3–4/sq. ft. The fly larvae probably cause a major share of the beetle mortality between August and the following May. The fly larvae pupate near beetle-created openings that lead from the galleries to the exterior.

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