INFLUENCE OF THE PROPORTION OF FRUITING TO NON-FRUITING CLUSTERS ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF INSECT PREDATORS ON APPLE TREES

1968 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. T. Lord
Keyword(s):  
Apple Trees ◽  
Predacious Mite ◽  
Insect Predators ◽  
Campylomma Verbasci

AbstractThe proportion of fruiting to non-fruiting clusters on apple trees influences the distribution of predators within and between trees. The mirids Atractotomus mali (Meyer), Campylomma verbasci (Meyer), Hyaliodes harti Knight, Diaphnocoris pellucida (Uhler), Pilophorus perplexus Douglas and Scott, and the anthocorid Anthocoris musculus (Say) all showed greater preference for limbs (or trees) bearing a high proportion (or percentage) of fruiting clusters. The predacious mite Anystis agilis Banks exhibited no preference.

THE INFLUENCE OF THREE INSECTICIDES ON PREDATION OF THE PEAR PSYLLA, PSYLLA PYRICOLA

1967 ◽  
Vol 99 (12) ◽  
pp. 1292-1297 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. McMullen ◽  
C. Jong
Keyword(s):  
Predation Pressure ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Predator Species ◽  
Chrysopa Carnea ◽  
Azinphos Methyl ◽  
Pear Psylla ◽  
Pear Orchard ◽  
Insect Predators ◽  
Campylomma Verbasci ◽  
Competition For Food

AbstractThe effects of sprays of DDT, azinphos-methyl, and Ryania applied to a pear orchard on population densities of insect predators of Psylla pyricola Förster were assessed. The P. pyricola in the orchard were naturally tolerant to DDT and Ryania and highly resistant to azinphos-methyl. DDT eliminated or severely reduced numbers of Deraeocoris brevis piceatus Knight, D. fasciolus Knight, Diaphnocoris provancheri (Burque), and Campylomma verbasci (Meyer). Chrysopa carnea Stephens and C. oculata Say were moderately reduced. Anthocoris antevolens (White) and A. melanocerus Reuter were highly tolerant to DDT. Azinphos-methyl severely reduced numbers of A. antevolens, A. melanocerus, C. verbasci, and D. provancheri. C. carnea and C. oculata were moderately reduced. D. brevis piceatus and D. fasciolus were tolerant to azinphos-methyl. Ryania severely reduced numbers of A. antevolens, A. melanocerus, and C. verbasci; moderately reduced D. provancheri; and did not affect D. brevis piceatus, D. fasciolus, C. carnea, or C. oculata.In the DDT-treated plots the relative densities of Anthocoris spp. approximately doubled compared with the untreated plots. This was probably due to removal of competition for food by other predator species. Large increases ill the relative densities of Deraeocoris spp. were also observed in the Ryania treatments, probably for similar reasons. Significant increases in the P. pyricola populations in response to removal of predation pressure by the insecticide treatments occurred in the DDT and azinphos-methyl plots bur not in the Ryania plots.

DISTRIBUTION OF PHYTOPHAGOUS AND PREDACIOUS MITES ON APPLE TREES IN NOVA SCOTIA

1973 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Herbert ◽  
K. P. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Predacious Mites ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Predacious Mite ◽  
Phytophagous Mites ◽  
Lower Position ◽  
Zetzellia Mali ◽  
Aculus Schlechtendali ◽  
Mature Apple

AbstractThe relative densities of phytophagous and predacious mites within mature apple trees were examined. The eggs of phytophagous mites Aculus schlechtendali (Nal.) and Panonychus ulmi (Koch) were more numerous in the lower position of the tree while the reverse was true for the predacious mite Zetzellia mali (Ewing) and its eggs.

A New Species of Typhlodromus Scheuten, 1857 (Acarina: Phytoseiidae), with Notes on Life-histories and Food Habits of Typhlodromus sp. n. and T. tiliae Oudms.

1958 ◽  
Vol 90 (7) ◽  
pp. 429-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Predacious Mite ◽  
A New Species

The following is a description of a new species of predacious mite of the subfamily Phytoseiinae. It is found in orchards in Nova Scotia on the bark of apple trees, but in no instance has it been taken from the foliage. This species is similar in structure to Typhlodromus tiliae Oudmus. (Nesbitt, 1951), but its habits differ. In this paper the differences between T. tiliae and the species herein described are noted and details of a laboratory study of the life-histories and food habits of these species are given.

The Influence of Spray Programs on the Fauna of Apple Orchards in Nova Scotia. IX. Studies on Means of Altering Predator Populations

1956 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. T. Lord
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Mite Population ◽  
Natural Control ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Phytophagous Mite ◽  
Insect Predators ◽  
Predacious Species

It has been established that a complex of predacious arthropods on apple trees in Nova Scotia can control phytophagous mite populations (Lord, 1949). Some of the predators, when sufficiently numerous, may also be important in the control of other pests such as the eye-spotted bud-moth, Spilonota ocellana (D. & S.), and the codling moth, Carpocapsa pomonella (L.). When predation has reduced the mite population to small numbers, the insect predators almost disappear from the orchard. In most orchards in this province, the use of spray materials innocuous to predators has greatly reduced the phytophagous mite populations. The low mite population is an important gain but it is not known whether the attendant small numbers of predators is advantageous in the natural control of pests in general. This will be answered in time by the experience of the growers and, meanwhile, further research is needed on the interrelations of the phytophagous and predacious species and on how they are affected by orchard practices and other factors. This involves studies on the food preferences and behaviour of many species. In addition, means must be found to modify cultural practices to make conditions as favourable as possible for certain species of predators.

AN APPRAISAL OF METHODS OF SAMPLING APPLE TREES AND RESULTS OF SOME TESTS USING A SAMPLING UNIT COMMON TO INSECT PREDATORS AND THEIR PREY

1968 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. T. Lord
Keyword(s):  
Total Population ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Sampling Unit ◽  
Important Criterion ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Common Basis ◽  
Quantitative Manner ◽  
Insect Predators ◽  
Whole Tree

AbstractCurrent methods of sampling predator and prey populations on apple trees use two different indexes to measure the comparative abundance of each. Techniques are sought that relate the proportions of one to the other in the sampling universe (the orchard) in a quantitative manner. The most important criterion is that the sampling unit be one common to both predator and prey species and encompass representative portions of the habitat of each. The whole tree meets this criterion but it is too cumbersome to sample in toto. The large limb was, therefore, appraised for feasibility as a basic sampling unit common to many species. All clusters were counted and the predators and prey expressed as numbers per 100 clusters. The whole limb was examined for insect predators but only a representative portion of it was used in estimating mite populations. The test prey species was the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), and the predators a small number of active insect species, mostly Diaphnocoris pellucida (Uhler) and Anthocoris musculus (Say). It was found that the numbers of mites on randomly chosen clusters from a limb were representative of the total population of mites on a limb but the associated variation was high. Samples of relatively uniform (standard) clusters of good vigour overestimated the mite population. Some other causes of variation were also examined and are discussed. A 2-year orchard test showed it was feasible to estimate the abundance of both mites and predators on a common basis and thus obtain a measure of the ratio of mites to predators in the sampling universe.

REP-PCR Analysis of Erwinia Genus Bacteria – Infectious Agents of Apple Trees Diseases in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 45-57
Author(s):  
L.A. Dankevych ◽  
◽  
F.V. Muchnyk ◽  
V.P. Patyka ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Apple Trees
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document