scholarly journals Development of Labor Saving Operation Technique by Making Large Scale Paddy Field and Direct Seeding Cultivation of Rice in Tohoku District. Part 2. Development of Technique for Automatic precision Laser-Levelling System.

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoichi KIMURA ◽  
Sasakazu IMAZONO ◽  
Yukio YAJI
Keyword(s):  
Paddy Field ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Operation Technique

DEVELOPMENT OF MOVIES AS THE TEACHING TOOL ON THE MOVEMENT OF IRRIGATION WATER IN PADDY FIELDS MANAGED UNDER VARIOUS CULTIVATION METHODS

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nakamura Kazumasa ◽  
Sakai Miki ◽  
Koshiyama Naoko
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Farm Household ◽  
Teaching Tool ◽  
Cultivation Method ◽  
Local Farmers

Hokkaido, the northern most of the four major islands of Japan, is an important rice-producing area. In Hokkaido there are some areas where the numbers of farm households are decreasing and the management scale for one farm household is increasing. In such areas, labor shortage occurs if only the conventional transplant cultivation is used. The necessity for introducing direct-seeding cultivation method has been increasing because by using this method it is possible to save labor. In some of the areas with increasing number of large-scale farm management, the farms employ large lot paddy fields and install underground irrigation facilities, which are useful in direct-seeding cultivation, to improve work efficiency. It is thought that it requires 2 to 3 years for the farmers to learn to effectively use the underground irrigation facilities because use of such facilities is a new experience for many farmers. The authors conducted observation of the groundwater level and depth of ponding in the paddy fields where the above-mentioned improvements were done, and made a movie using the obtained data. The movie is also useful for the authors in understanding the inflow and outflow of the groundwater, which are phenomena occurring underground. At a meeting of local farmers, the authors explained the movement of irrigation water by using this movie. The authors expect that the explanation using the movie will promote the farmers' understanding in effectively using the underground irrigation facilities.

scholarly journals Flooding Irrigation Weakens the Molecular Ecological Network Complexity of Soil Microbes during the Process of Dryland-to-Paddy Conversion

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxiao Li ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Jing Ma ◽  
Yongjun Yang ◽  
Yifei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Ecological Network ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Molecular Ecological Network

Irrigation has been applied on a large scale for the improvement of grain yield per hectare and production stability. However, the dryland-to-paddy conversion affects the ecological environment of areas of long-term dry farming, especially soil microorganisms. Little attention has been paid to the changes in microbial communities and the interactions between their populations in this process. Therefore, in this paper, the compositions and diversity of soil bacterial and fungal communities were explored through a combination of high-throughput sequencing technology and molecular ecological network methods using bacterial 16S rRNA and fungal ITS. The results showed that: (1) both the abundance and diversity of soil bacteria and fungi decreased in a short time, and the abundance of Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Olpidiomycota varied greatly. (2) Compared to dry land, the modular structure of interaction networks and interspecific relationships of bacterial and fungal communities in paddy soil were simpler, and the network became more unstable. A cooperative relationship dominated in the molecular ecological network of bacteria, while a competitive relationship was dominant in the network of fungi. Actinobacteria and Firmicutes were the dominant bacterial species in dry land and paddy field, respectively. Ascomycota was dominant in the fungal communities of both dry land and paddy field. (3) The change in soil environmental factors, such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM) and available potassium (AK), directly affected the soil microbial community structure, showing a significant correlation (p < 0.05). These environmental factors also influenced the dominant microbial species. Microorganisms are the most important link in the carbon and nitrogen cycles of soil, and a large-scale dryland-to-paddy conversion may reduce the ecological stability of regional soil.

Improving Agricultural Management in a Large-Scale Paddy Field by Using Remotely Sensed Data in the Ceres-Rice Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-228
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Rezaei ◽  
Ali Shahnazari ◽  
Mahmoud Raeini Sarjaz ◽  
Majid Vazifedoust
Keyword(s):  
Paddy Field ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Agricultural Management ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data

scholarly journals Effect of Unevenness in a Paddy Field on the Early Growth and Tillering in Direct Seeding Cultivation of Rice.

2002 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryouji SASAKI ◽  
Youichi SHIBATA ◽  
Kazunobu TORIYAMA
Keyword(s):  
Paddy Field ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Direct Seeding

scholarly journals Direct Seeding in Flooded Paddy Field Using Riding Type Duster.

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-241
Author(s):  
Atsushi SAWAMURA ◽  
Masayoshi NAKAYAMA ◽  
Ken KAWASAKI ◽  
Sighemi AKITA ◽  
Syuzi SASAKURA
Keyword(s):  
Paddy Field ◽  
Direct Seeding

scholarly journals Feasibility of Direct Seeding for Stand Establishment of Field-grown Basil

HortScience ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 1002-1005
Author(s):  
Brian A. Kahn ◽  
Niels O. Maness ◽  
Donna R. Chrz ◽  
Lynda K. Carrier
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Shallow Depth ◽  
Viable Alternative ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Stand Establishment ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
The Common

Six experiments were conducted on ‘Genovese’ basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) in Oklahoma to study the feasibility of establishing basil in the field by direct seeding. Variables examined included use of raw seed or pelleted seed, seeding depth, seeding rate, and comparison with transplanting. Direct seeding was done using a hand-pushed planter (first four experiments), a tractor-drawn planter (fifth experiment), or both types of planter (sixth experiment). Plants were destructively harvested by machine. Stands were established successfully using transplants or using raw or pelleted seed with a hand-pushed planter. Planting at a depth of ≈10 mm resulted in lower yields than planting at a depth where seeds barely were covered with soil (≈5 mm). Seeding rates of ≈80 seeds/m led to higher final stands and higher yields than those obtained with seeding rates of ≈30 seeds/m. These studies were not designed to test effects of plant population on basil yield, but data suggest that final stands above the common recommendation of one plant per 30.5 cm in rows spaced 90 cm apart may result in yield increases. Plots direct-seeded with the tractor-drawn planter failed to establish in the fifth experiment. Plants established using pelleted seed with the hand-pushed planter did not differ from plants established by transplanting in cumulative yields in the sixth experiment, even though the transplanting treatment allowed one additional harvest. The lowest cumulative yields in the sixth experiment came from plants established using pelleted seed with the tractor-drawn planter. Thus, direct seeding of basil was successful only with a hand-pushed planter. While direct seeding is a potentially viable alternative to transplanting for basil stand establishment, there is a need to identify a tractor-drawn seeder that can plant basil at the required shallow depth. In the interim, large-scale producers of basil should continue to use transplants to obtain reliable stand establishment.

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