Is There Population with Tertiary Education in Romania Still Interested in Research?

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-66
Author(s):  
Radu Serban Zaharia ◽  
Marian Zaharia ◽  
Alecu Alexandra
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Material Basis ◽  
Labour Costs ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Government

In the past 25 years, in Romania, the intensity of R & D activities has declined significantly in most industries. This trend was driven primarily by the lower attention of the government policies of governments after 1990, resulting in particularly low share of research spending in GDP. This had a double negative impact. On one side was affected material basis of research, while on the other side salary levels of researchers along with education and health, remained at very low levels. Based on these considerations the paper examines the evolution of percentage of researchers in total employment in correlation with factors as: the percentage of population with tertiary educational attainment level, the percentage of total intramural R&D expenditure in GDP, the percentage of R&D labour costs in GDP in Romania, compared to Bulgaria, Czech Republic, France, Hungary and Poland. Unfortunately, in what concerns us, the answer is negative.

Returns to education in Russia: Nowhere below?

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-68
Author(s):  
R. I. Kapeliushnikov
Keyword(s):  
Returns To Education ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Short Cycle ◽  
The Past ◽  
Monitoring Survey ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Russian Education

The paper presents a wide set of estimates for returns to education in Russia, introducing a number of new sources of microdata that previosly remained unused by both Russian and foreign researchers. Until now virtually all available estimates for Russia were based on data from a single source — The Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey — Higher School of Economics (RLMS-HSE). According to these data, since the mid-2000s returns to education rapidly declined and have dropped to abnormally low levels. The paper tests the thesis of ultra-low economic value of Russian education using data from three alternative representative surveys regularly conducted by Rosstat. The analysis shows that currently returns to education in Russia reach 12—13%, which is much higher than the standard RLMS estimates. University-type tertiary education almost doubles earnings (its premium approaches to 100%), and even short-cycle tertiary education provides a premium of about 20—30%. Alternative sources also indicate that over the past 15 years, returns to education in Russia remained stable and, therefore, no decreasing trend in the economic value of education has been observed. This makes it possible to reject the currently popular thesis about abnormally low returns to education in Russia.

American Oligarchy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron Formisano
Keyword(s):  
Government Policies ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Class ◽  
Political Inequality ◽  
The Past ◽  
Entire Society ◽  
The Government ◽  
American Society ◽  
The One ◽  
Almost All

Almost all studies of the nation’s extreme inequality of income and wealth have overlooked a critical, overarching cause of the creation of The New Gilded Age. The permanent political class has driven and sustained economic and political inequality not only with the government policies it has crafted over the past four decades. It has created inequality by becoming a self-dealing, self-serving nepotistic oligarchy that is enabling the One Percent and the .01 Percent to create an American aristocracy of wealth. American Oligarchy describes a multifaceted culture of self-dealing and corruption reaching into every sector of American society. The political class’s direct creation of economic inequality by channeling the flow of income and wealth to elites, has been described extensively; less exposed has been how its self-aggrandizement indirectly—but hidden in plain sight—creates a culture of corruption that infects the entire society.

Nigerian agricultural growth softens oil shock

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Agricultural Growth ◽  
Agricultural Transformation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Oil Revenue ◽  
Oil Shock ◽  
The Government

Subject The outlook for Nigeria's agricultural sector. Significance The success of government policies on agriculture was central to the Finance Ministry's reassurances on Nigeria's ability to weather the oil price shock and increase non-oil revenue. The government has presided over a marked increase in food production over the past four years under the Agricultural Transformation Agenda (ATA), arguably making it one of the main policy achievements of the Goodluck Jonathan administration. Impacts Commercial interest in African agribusiness often falls short given the difficulty of making smallholders competitive in dislocated markets. Input subsidy policies (fertiliser, seeds) often remain inseparable from political appeals to rural electorates. Such policies are not always amenable to 'transformative' interventions -- and in some cases, will actively distort them.

scholarly journals An empirical assessment of how the government policies influenced the performance of the SMEs in Zimbabwe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godfrey Tambudzayi Musabayana ◽  
Emmanuel Mutambara ◽  
Tony Ngwenya
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Strategic Framework ◽  
Elite Group ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Policy Information ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Government

Abstract The Zimbabwean government came up with sound policies that were enacted in order to deliberately empower the SMEs, focusing on their performance, but the main challenge was on the communication, implementation and support of the policies hence their impact was highly insignificant. Primary data showed that the government managed to inform the elite group, its officers who are well versed with SME policies and government intentions were clearly communicated to all the experts in the SME sector, but this information did not reach out to the end users, SME implementers. The failure to inform the lower levels of the SME implementers with the policy information had a negative impact on the performance of SMEs and the government should take this as a learning curve and adopt new strategic framework that is poised to put right what has been incorrectly executed. The poor performance of Zimbabwean SMEs is basically an issue of the government commitment to its policies that support the economic growth. The SME policy issues that were not communicated to the implementers had a ripple negative effect across the whole economy of the country hence the study recommended the crafting of a more robust and home grown strategic framework that corrects the mistake that was made the government.

scholarly journals Peru

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (181) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Inflation Targeting ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Macroeconomic Performance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fiscal Management ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Government

Peru’s very strong policy framework has helped it achieve impressive macroeconomic outcomes and reduce vulnerabilities. Growth has been particularly robust, averaging nearly 5¼ percent over the past 15 years, consistently above the average for the LAC region, while the inflation targeting regime has helped keep inflation low and expectations well anchored. Prudent fiscal management has reduced government debt to very low levels. Very strong financial sector regulation and supervision have contributed to preserving financial stability. External vulnerabilities have been reduced and poverty has been cut by more than half since the turn of the century. In recent years, macroeconomic performance has been adversely affected by a combination of external, domestic, and weather-related shocks that have slowed Peru’s growth momentum. Against this background, the Covid-19 pandemic has posed an unprecedented challenge, which is pushing the economy into a recession. Peru has to date shown remarkable financial resilience when compared to other emerging market economies, both within and outside the region, not least because large buffers have allowed the government to respond with a very strong policy package to contain the pandemic and mitigate the economic fallout.

scholarly journals Industri Perunggasan: Memadukan Pertumbuhan dan Pemerataan

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
NFN Saptana ◽  
Rosmijati Sayuti ◽  
Khairina M. Noekman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Poultry Industry ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Accelerate Growth ◽  
The Government

<p><strong>English<br /></strong>Regarding sustainable economic development, the government have to consider three main roles, i.e. : to accelerate growth through efficiency improvement, to generate equity and justice, and to maintain stability as well as macro-economic growth. The economic system being exclusively bias to one of the said economic dimensions will not sustainable in the long-run. The assessment which accommodate complementary growth and equity on poultry industry is important, due to structural problems on the respective industry, in addition to marginalization of smallholder poultry farmers. Government policies being bias toward economic growth in the condition of economic crisis have substantial negative impact on national poultry industry.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Indonesian<br /></strong>Dalam konteks pembangunan ekonomi berkelanjutan pemerintah mempunyai tiga fungsi sentral yaitu meningkatkan efisiensi guna mempercepat pertumbuhan, menciptakan pemerataan dan keadilan, memacu pertumbumhan ekonomi secara makro dan menjaga stabilitasnya. Suatu sistem perekonomian yang bias ke salah satu tujuan akan menghasilkan kinerja pembangunan ekonomi yang rapuh. Dalam kontek ini, kajian yang memadukan antara pertumbuhan dan pemerataan pada industri perunggasan di pandang sangat relevan, karena pada bidang usaha ini telah terjadi ketimpangan struktur pasar input, pasar hasil (output), integrasi vertikal dan horisontal, dan tersisihnya peternakan rakyat. Kebijakan pemerintah yang bias ke pemacuan pertumbuhan ekonomi adanya dampak krisis ekonomi berkepanjangan telah berdampak buruk pada kinerja industri perunggasan</p>

Motivasi Pendidikan Orang Dewasa

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Yanti Nurdiyanti ◽  
Ai Hilyatul Halimah
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Work Skills ◽  
Work Systems ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Nahdlatul Ulama ◽  
The Government

The need for rapidly changing work skills and demands for formal education qualifications are increasingly demanding for employees of the Government and Education agencies who have long worked with age over 30 years to upgrade themselves both in terms of skills and qualifications. This study aims to determine the source of motivation possessed by employees who have long worked with age over 30 years in improving education competency and qualification. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research method with the object of research in Sukamulya Village, Langkaplancar District, Pangandaran Regency, which carries out tertiary education at the Nahdlatul Ulama Tarbiyah College of Sciences, Al-Farabi Pangandaran. The results showed motivational sources from several sources in the most order as follows: 1) government policies towards fulfilling educational qualifications, 2) workplace intansi, 3) work systems 4) families 5) self-awareness to increase knowledge and skills in work

scholarly journals Peran Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah (BPRS) Dalam Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat Bangka Belitung

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Ahmad Fauzi
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Economic Decline ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
The Government ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Community economic decline as a result of commodity prices dropped and the depletion of land for mining and burdensome regulation miners negative impact on revenue Pacific Islands community where the majority of farmers and miners. This is the reason for researchers to examineRole of People's Bank Syariah Financing (SRB) Economic Empowerment In Bangka Belitung. Results from these studies areBank Financing Sharia (SRB) Bangka Belitung in developing the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) only to providers of financing for communities that need capital to start a business or expand it. Constraints Financing Bank Rakyat Syariah (SRB) Bangka Belitung in developing the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) which are internal factors such as the collateral for the financing, external factors such as Human Resources (HR) is not much and the government policies that have not been aligned to the bank sharia.

scholarly journals COVID 19 Outbreak and Stock Market Return: Evidence from Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Nurcahyono Nurcahyono ◽  
Ayu Noviani Hanum ◽  
Fatmasari Sukesti
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Expected Return ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
New Normal ◽  
Daily Data ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Return is one of the main motivations for investing, the higher the expected return investors will receive, the more they will attract investors. This study analyzes and empirically proves the effect of the COVID 19 outbreak on the Indonesian stock exchange. This study uses daily data from the Covid-19 case, data on the capitalization of the Indonesian stock exchange during the outbreak from March 2 to July 15, 2020, with various Indonesian government policies that began lockdown, regional quarantine and new normal. Panel data regression is used to analyze and empirically prove the impact of Covid 19 on stock returns. The results showed that the daily growth of total confirmed positive cases, the total death cases of Covid 19 had a negative impact on stock returns in the Indonesian stock exchange even though the growth rate of patients who recovered was quite high. In addition, government policies in the form of lockdown of quarantine areas and new normal are not able to strengthen the Jakarta Composite Indeks (JCI), this is because the policy is not able to suppress the number of positive confirmations, but continues to increase. This research contributes to the government making a policy to reduce the number of confirmed cases to be able to strengthen the JCI, and investors can see aspects other than the expected return currently received.

scholarly journals Change and Termination of Obligation in Conditions of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-61
Author(s):  
Volodymyr PRYMAK
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Good Faith ◽  
Material Basis ◽  
Domestic Legislation ◽  
Cast Doubt ◽  
Principles Of Justice ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The article deals with the traditional (within objective civil law) and newly introduced by the latest domestic legislation to combating the pandemic COVID-19 provisions about obligation change and termination in terms of identifying special criteria that can determine the obligations’ dynamics during the quarantine restrictions. Emphasis is placed on the need to take into account the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and related quarantine measures and restrictions on all elements of the obligation’s structure — its subjects, object and content. Readers’ attention is drawn to the consequences of the external negative impact of any emergencies on both regulatory and security obligations. At the same time, the implicit temporary nature of the quarantine introduced by the Government determines the priority of specially constructed models of direct legislative change of legal relations over ordinary models of their change or termination due to dispositive expression of interested participants of such civil relations. And the dynamics of security obligations in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is manifested primarily in the introduction of various moratoriums on the application of certain measures of civil liability and/or compulsory recovery on the property of the defaulting debtor. «Anti-pandemic» legislation establishes special grounds for changing and terminating obligation, both regulatory and protective. The publication criticizes the introduction of guarantees that are not individualized by subject and independent of the actual consequences of the negative impact on the property interests of the parties to civil relations, as this may cast doubt on their compliance with the principles of justice, reasonableness and good faith. At the same time, we are supporting the desire of a legislator in various emergencies to take special measures to protect the property interests of consumers as weak partners of obligation relations on provision of housing and communal services, as well as individuals — landlords. After all, this is a priority area for each person’s life, because the place of residence of an individual appears as a material basis for the organization of his private life, the implementation of the widest range of personal non-property rights.

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