Sardine (Sardina pilchardus) spawning in the light of fat content analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Barbara Zorica ◽  
Ivana Anđelić ◽  
Vanja Čikeš Keč
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Total Body Length ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Sardina Pilchardus ◽  
Allometric Growth ◽  
Total Body

Sardine samples from commercial catches obtained by purse seiners operating in Croatian fishing grounds (eastern Adriatic Sea) were collected monthly from March 2017 to February 2018 (excluding January due to a fishing ban). A total of 1085 sardines were analysed. Their total body length and mass ranged from 11.5 to 16.9 cm (mean±SD: 13.9±0.03 cm) and from 11.30 to 54.03 g (mean±SD: 20.31±0.161 g), respectively. Analysis of the length-mass relationship showed positive allometric growth (b=3.3573, r=0.948). Female specimens were predominant (m/f=0.404). According to the monthly gonadosomatic index values, spawning occurred from November to February, which was consistent with previous investigations. The monthly analysis of fat content in the gonads, liver and muscles indicated that the fat content in each studied tissue oscillated seasonally regardless of sex. These alternations were linked to the sardine’s reproductive cycle.

Pre-natal growth in Romney X Southdown cross and Austrailan Merino sheep. II. Carcass conformation in the two breed groups

1962 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 733 ◽  
Author(s):  
SK Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Total Body Length ◽  
The Body ◽  
Allometric Growth ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Breed Group ◽  
Carcass Conformation ◽  
Total Body

The carcass conformation of the sheep foetus has been studied during the period from 50 to 140 days after conception by taking a series of linear measurements over the surface of the body. The mean lengths and the rates of increase in the length of such measurements, with increases in foetal age, are compared between the Romney southdown cross and the Australian Merino breed groups, and also between sexes within each breed group. Although these differences have been analysed on an age basis, the relationship between age and total body length is similar in the two breeds and therefore the same breed effects should also be found if total body length is taken as the primary growth measurement. Further, the rates of increase in length of the measurements of the parts of the body, relative to the rate of increase in total body length measured as curved crown-rump, have been estimated, foetal age being used as the independent variable rather than total body length. The results show that ram foetuses have larger head and neck measurements in both breed groups during early foetal life. The major difference between breeds is the greater width and circumference of the neck and trunk in the Romney x Southdown cross. In addition, the width of the head and the length of the nose are higher in the Romney x Southdown cross, while the humerus head is displaced forward and downward in this breed group, giving a relatively longer and deeper trunk and a shorter neck than the Merino. The allometric growth gradients are broadly similar to those for other mammals, and also to measurements obtained by other workers for the sheep during pre-natal life. No conclusive evidence was obtained to show whether or to what extent the breed differences resulted from alterations to the allometric growth rates or to changes in the dimensions of the parts during morphogenesis. The results do indicate, however, that the alterations to early-developing parts such as the head may result partly or wholly from changes in the initial dimensions, whereas changed in the allometric growth rates appear to produce the differences in the width and circumference of the neck and trunk. The latter effect may also be determined to a relatively greater extent by maternal influences.

Reflecting materials in the eyes of three teleosts, Orthopristes chrysopterus, Dorosoma cepedianum and Anchoa mitchilli

1973 ◽  
Vol 184 (1074) ◽  
pp. 15-27 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Total Body Length ◽  
Gizzard Shad ◽  
Dorosoma Cepedianum ◽  
Anchoa Mitchilli ◽  
First Report ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Bay Anchovy

The tapeta lucida of three species of teleosts were examined to determine the composition of the reflecting material. The fishes were bay anchovy Anchoa mitchilli (Engraulidae), gizzard shad Dorosoma cepedianum (Clupeidae) and pigfish Orthopristes chrysopterus (Haemulidae). The tapetum of each species was situated in the pigment epithelium of the eye. That of the pigfish contained triglycerides identified as chiefly glyceryl tridocosahexaenoate. A reduced pteridine, 7, 8-dihydroxanthopterin, occurred in the tapetum of the gizzard shad. Guanine occurred in the tapetum of the bay anchovy. The tapetum of the shad contained brightly reflecting particles about 0.5 μm in diameter There were 10.8 mg of dihydroxanthopterin in the tapetum of a shad (total body length 23 cm) and 0.46 mg of guanine in the tapetum of an anchovy (total body length 9 cm). This is the first report of a pteridine acting as a retinal reflector in vertebrates. Various aspects of retinal reflectors of teleosts are discussed and their variety and common characteristics commented upon.

Steinernema loci sp. n. and Steinernema thanhi sp. n. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) from Vietnam

Nematology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 503-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice Moens ◽  
Ngoc Chau Nguyen ◽  
Ke Long Phan
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Total Body Length ◽  
Body Width ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Spicule Length ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Total Body

AbstractTwo new species of Steinernema (Rhabditida), Steinernema loci sp. n. and S. thanhi sp. n., were isolated from beach soil in Thanhhoa and Hatinh provinces in the northern part of Vietnam. A combination of morphological, morphometric and rDNA-RFLP features indicated the distinctness of both species from other Steinernema spp. Diagnostic characters of Steinernema loci sp. n. include: total body length (896-1072 μm), distance from anterior end to excretory pore (EP = 71-86 μm), tail length (66-83 μm), lateral field in mid-body with eight ridges (nine distinct lines) and rounded, broad and smooth anterior end of the third stage infective juvenile; first generation males were characterised by body width, spicule length and the ratio spicule length : anal body width (SW). Diagnostic characters of Steinernema thanhi sp. n. third stage infective juveniles include: total body length (720-960 μm), EP (68-84 μm), tail length (52-72 μm), lateral field in mid-body with eight ridges (nine distinct lines) and rounded, broad and smooth anterior end. Spicule length, ratio SW and arrangement of genital papillae characterised the first generation males.

Kroyeria caseyi sp.nov. (Kroyeriidae: Siphonostomatoida), a parasitic copepod infesting gills of night sharks (Carcharhinus signatus (Poey, 1868)) in the western North Atlantic

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 2492-2498 ◽  
Author(s):  
George W. Benz ◽  
Gregory B. Deets
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Total Body Length ◽  
Parasitic Copepod ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Genital Complex ◽  
Total Body

Kroyeria caseyi sp.nov. (Kroyeriidae: Siphonostomatoida) is described from male and female specimens collected from gills of night sharks (Carcharhinus signatus (Poey, 1868)) captured in the western North Atlantic. Kroyeria caseyi is the only known member of the Kroyeriidae that is a mesoparasite, females being found partially embedded in the interbranchial septa of their hosts. Kroyeria caseyi is easily distinguished from other Kroyeria species by the armature of its swimming legs. Additionally, the genital complex of female K. caseyi is extremely long, composing up to 96% of the total body length. With some females reaching over 6 cm long, K. caseyi dwarfs all known congeners. First-stage nauplii collected from ruptured egg sacs are also described.

Nematodes of the order Dorylaimida from Romania. The genus Enchodelus Thorne, 1939. 3. Species with rounded tail and long odontostyle

Nematology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Ciobanu ◽  
Iuliana Popovici ◽  
Pablo Guerrero ◽  
Reyes Peña-Santiago
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Total Body Length ◽  
Genital System ◽  
Neck Length ◽  
Female Tail ◽  
Female Genital System ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Female Genital

Abstract Three species of the genus Enchodelus, one new and two known, from natural areas in Romania are studied. Enchodelus carpaticus sp. n. is distinguished by its body 1.59-1.87 mm long, lip region offset by a marked depression and 17-20 μm diam., odontostyle 39.5-47 μm long and 2.1-2.5 lip region diam. or 2.3-2.8% of total body length, odontophore 42-51 μm long and with distinct basal flanges, neck 336-388 μm long, pharyngeal expansion 136-167 μm long or 39-45% of total neck length, presence of dorsal cell mass near cardia, female genital system amphidelphic, uterus tripartite and 144-195 μm long or 2.2-2.9 times the corresponding body diam., pars refringens vaginae with two trapezoidal sclerotisations, V = 42-50, and female tail short and rounded (21-29 μm long, c = 55-87, c′ = 0.5-0.7). Additional data, including LM pictures, are presented for E. macrodorus and E. saxifragae.

scholarly journals Reproductive patterns of bogue, Boops boops (Sparidae), in the southeastern Adriatic Sea

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Tatjana Dobroslavić ◽  
Renata Mozara ◽  
Branko Glamuzina ◽  
Vlasta Bartulović
Keyword(s):  
Total Population ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Gonad Development ◽  
Size Class ◽  
Oocyte Diameter ◽  
Allometric Growth ◽  
Monthly Distribution ◽  
Boops Boops

The reproductive characteristics of bogue (Boops boops) in the southeastern Adriatic Sea are presented in this study. The analysis is based on 676 specimens caught by seine net from December 2011 to November 2012. Total length of females ranged from 13.3 to 29.3 cm and males from 15.1 to 26.3 cm. The overall sex ratio of females to males was 1:0.85 (χ2=4.314; P < 0.05) with a slightly higher number of females in the largest size class. Length-weight relationship for the total population indicated negative allometric growth (b=2.911). Values of the condition factor are relatively low for both sexes. Maximum values were recorded in September 1.025 for females and 1.029 for males. Gonadosomatic index and histological examination showed that the spawning season of the bogue in the Adriatic is from January to May with peak in February. Six stages of gonad development were identified: immature, undergoing maturation, ripening, ripe, spawning and spent. The monthly distribution of the different sexual maturity stages and the frequency distribution of oocyte diameter revealed that this species is a batch spawner.

scholarly journals Gill infection of Leporinus macrocephalus Garavello & Britski, 1988 (Osteichthyes: Anostomidae) by Henneguya leporinicola n. sp. (Myxozoa: Myxobolidae). Description, histopathology and treatment

1999 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. MARTINS ◽  
V. N. de SOUZA ◽  
J. R. E de MORAES ◽  
F. R de MORAES
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Total Body Length ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Epithelial Hyperplasia ◽  
Daily Mortality ◽  
Secondary Lamellae ◽  
Gill Filaments ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Tissue Alterations

Piauçus (Leporinus macrocephalus), were raised in 300 m² ponds (density of 10 fish/m²) presenting asphyxia signals and daily mortality of 27 fishes. Specimens with 8-cm total body length, were collected for necropsy. Mucus of body surface and pieces of organs were collected and examined microscopically, in wet mounts, stained or in histological sections. The smears examination showed the presence of several spores in the secondary lamellae of the gill filaments, identified as Henneguya leporinicola n.sp (Myxozoa: Myxobolidae). Histopatological study showed epithelial hyperplasia and fulfilling of the spaces between the secondary lamellae, congestion and teleangiectasia sinusoidal. It was also observed hyperplasia of the goblet cells and several cysts of parasite with 70.3mum diameter. Such cysts were situated among the secondary lamellae, covered or not by the hyperplasic epithelium. With this diagnostic, three applications of formalin solution 10 ml/m³ were carried out. Fifteen days after that, fish were examined again to ascertain whether the treatment was efficient on disease caused by the protozoa. The tissue alterations present in the gills after the treatment were just a moderate sinusoidal congestion and a slight epithelial hyperplasia on the base of the secondary lamellae.

scholarly journals Calculating total body length from rostrum-anus length in amputated bycaught dolphins

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. E126-E133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ing Chen ◽  
Alastair Watson ◽  
Lien-Siang Chou
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Total Body Length ◽  
Total Body

Two species of the genus Kalicephalus Molin, 1861 (Nematoda, Diaphanocephaloidea) from the water monitor, Varanus salvator (Laurenti, 1768) in Guangdong Province, China

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoji Zhang ◽  
Shuqian Zhang ◽  
Luping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Host Record ◽  
Total Body Length ◽  
New Host ◽  
New Host Record ◽  
Varanus Salvator ◽  
Total Body ◽  
First Time

AbstractTwo species of Kalicephalus Molin, 1861 were collected from the intestine of Varanus salvator (Laurenti, 1768) from Guangdong Wildlife Rescue Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. Kalicephalus (Kalicephalus) guangdongensis sp. nov. is similar to K. (K.) schadi Ogden, 1966 and K. (K.) schadi fotedari Kalia et Nayital, 1989 in having extremely long spicules, but differs from the latter in the relative length of spicules (spicules longer than the total body length instead of spicules almost three quarters of the total body length). Kalicephalus (Kalicephalus) schadi fotedari Kalia et Nayital, 1989 is reported for the first time in China, and Varanus salvator is a new host record.

Fish predation effects on body length of planktonic cladocerans and copepods in Chilean lakes

Crustaceana ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 88 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 1193-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricio De los Ríos-Escalante
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Fish Predation ◽  
Total Body Length ◽  
Calanoid Copepods ◽  
Main Prey ◽  
Species Numbers ◽  
Zooplankton Size ◽  
Predation Effects ◽  
Total Body

The zooplankton assemblages in Chilean lakes are characterized by their markedly low species numbers and dominance of calanoid copepods. Nevertheless, the effects of zooplanktivorous fish predation on zooplankton size in these communities have not yet been studied in detail. The aim of the present study was to analyse the total length in the main groups of zooplanktonic crustaceans in Chilean lakes: Copepoda: Calanoida, and Cladocera: Daphniidae, as well as “small cladocerans” (specifically the families Bosminidae and Chydoridae). The results revealed that in the presence of fish, total body length decreased significantly for calanoid copepods, whereas for other groups that presence has no significant effect. In sites with fishes, daphniids are significantly larger in comparison with the other groups of the zooplankton community, whereas in sites without fishes calanoids are significant larger in comparison with those other groups. These results would indicate that calanoids would be the main prey for zooplanktivorous fishes in Chilean lakes. Similar results have been reported for Argentinean Patagonian lakes.

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