scholarly journals Pequeños vertebrados del relleno kárstico del Pleistoceno Superior de Avetrana (Apulia, Sur de Italia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
T. Kotsakis ◽  
L. Pandolfi ◽  
L. Maiorino ◽  
C. Petronio ◽  
G. Sansalone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Erinaceus Europaeus ◽  
Mis 3 ◽  
Natrix Natrix ◽  
Testudo Hermanni ◽  
Mis 5E

El depósito (cavidad kárstica) de La Grave, localidad cercana a la pequeña ciudad de Avetrana (Tarento, Italia meridional), ha dado lugar a numerosos fósiles de vertebrados. Los restos de grandes mamíferos han sido objeto de varios estudios. En este trabajo se examinan los restos de pequeños vertebrados y se identifican cuatro taxones de anfibios (Bufo bufo, Bufotes gr. B. viridis, Hyla gr. H. Arborea and Rana (s.l.) sp.), cuatro de reptiles (Testudo hermanni, Podarcis sp., Zamenis gr. Z. longissimus, Natrix natrix), y nueve de pequeños mamíferos (Erinaceus europaeus, Crocidura suaveolens, Arvicola italicus, Microtus (Terricola) savii, Microtus (Microtus) arva­lis, Apodemus gr. A. sylvaticus - A. flavicollis, Hystrix (Acanthion) vinogradovi, Oryctolagus cuniculus and Lepus corsicanus). Desde un punto de vista biocronológico, los datos sobre los vertebrados pequeños y grandes indican una edad entre el comienzo del Pleistoceno tardío (MIS 5e) y la parte central del MIS 3. Es probable que el estrato fosilífero más reciente (nivel 8) se haya depositado durante un período más frío en comparación con las capas anteriores. Los datos de pequeños vertebrados fósiles combinados con los que proceden de los grandes mamífe­ros y aves evidencian la presencia, cerca de la cavidad kárstica, de espacios abiertos (praderas) con charcos de agua, bordeados por zonas boscosas y, no muy lejos, la presencia de una costa rocosa.

Stratigraphy and chronology of Late Pleistocene loess-paleosol sequence of the East European Plain and correlation with Late Pleistocene archives of Europe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Sycheva ◽  
Manfred Frechen ◽  
Birgit Terhorst ◽  
Sergey Sedov ◽  
Olga Khokhlova
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
East European Plain ◽  
East European ◽  
Mis 3 ◽  
Soil Sediment ◽  
Rfbr Grant ◽  
Mis 5E ◽  
Eemian Interglacial

<p>A detailed pedocryostratigraphic scheme of the Late Pleistocene periglacial region of the East European Plain has been developed on the basis of study of the paleorelief, sediments, paleosols, and cryogenic horizons. OSL and <sup>14</sup>C-dating of paleosols and sediments in Aleksandrov quarry and in other sections made it possible to substantiate this scheme and correlate it with analogous ones for different regions of Europe. The loess-paleosol sequence in Aleksandrov quarry (51º05'N, 36º08'E) does not have an analogous with respect to the completeness in the whole East European Plain. In the filling of paleobalka the Ryshkovo paleosol of the Mikulino interglacial (MIS 5e) is observed. Over this paleosol, the Valdai soil-sediment series (MIS 5d – MIS 2) is located. It includes four interstadial soils, two of them of the Early Valdai (Kukuevo and Streletsk ones), and two, sometimes three, of the Middle Valdai (Aleksandrov, Hydrouzel и Bryansk ones). The OSL date, 127 ± 8 ka BP, (beginning of MIS 5e) was obtained for a sample taken from the bottom of the Ryshkovo soil. The interglacial soil is overlain by the Seym layer formed mainly from destroyed and redeposited horizons of this soil. For the upper part of the Seym layer, OSL dates of 115 ± 7 ka BP and 112 ± 20 ka BP were obtained (MIS 5d). But the process of burial of Ryshkovo soil in the bottom of the paleobalka began at the end of the interglacial after a catastrophic forest fire. Large post-permafrost deformations - pseudomorphosis is confined to Selikhovodvor loess - MIS 4 (65 ± 8 ka BP). Two soils occurring between Seym and Selikhovodvor loesses: Kukuevo and Streletsk - Early Valdai (MIS 5c and MIS 5a). For Mlodat loess which separates those two soils (MIS 5b), OSL dates of 91 ± 1 and 89 ± 7 ka BP were obtained. For paleosols of Middle Valdai (MIS 3), <sup>14</sup>C-dates were obtained: Aleksandrov (53.742 - 2.124 ka cal BP) and Bryansk soils (37.618 ± 0.668 ka cal BP). For Tuskar loess, which separates Alexandrov and Bryansk soils, OSL dates of 50 ± 3 and 51 ± 3 ka BP were obtained. The new stratigraphic scheme of Late Pleistocene agrees with the ideas of researchers from Eastern, Central, and Western Europe , which allows the following correlations. The identified paleosols correspond to the following intervals: Ryshkovo – Eemian interglacial (127-117 ka BP); Kukuevo to Amersfoort + Brørup – Saint-Germain 1 (105-95 ka BP); Streletsk – Odderade to Saint-Germain 2 (about 85-75 ka BP); Aleksandrov to Oerel (56-53 ka BP); Hydrouzel to Moershoofd – Poperinge (44-45 ka BP) and Hengelo (40-38 ka BP); and Bryansk (33-27 ka BP) to Stillfried B, Denekamp or Grand Bois interstadials. The reconstructed Late Pleistocene loess-paleosol sequence has the most similar structure with loess-paleosol sequences of Ukraine, with sequence Dolní Věstonice in Moravia (Czech Republik), Stillfried in Austria and Mainz-Weisenau in the Rhenish area (Germany), and other archives. <strong>This work was supported by RFBR, grant N19-29-05024 mk. </strong></p>

CHRONOLOGY OF THE MIS 3 MEGAFAUNA IN SOUTHEASTERN WEST SIBERIA AND THE POSSIBILITY OF LATE SURVIVAL OF THE KHOZARIAN STEPPE MAMMOTH (MAMMUTHUS TROGONTHERII CHOSARICUS)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Andrei V Shpansky ◽  
Yaroslav V Kuzmin
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
Mis 3 ◽  
Woolly Rhinoceros ◽  
Mis 5E ◽  
Late Survival ◽  
Woolly Mammoth

ABSTRACT We report a new series of radiocarbon (14C) dates on the MIS 3 megafauna for a previously poorly studied region of southeastern West Siberia. Some species, like woolly mammoth and woolly rhinoceros, and Pleistocene bison and horse, existed throughout the MIS 3 (ca. 29–59 ka cal BP); cave hyaena is dated to ca. 46,400 cal BP. The very late 14C dates on Khozarian steppe elephant (Mammuthus trogontherii chosaricus), ca. 45,100–45,400 cal BP, may indicate the survival of this species in Siberia up to MIS 3. More work is needed to confirm or reject this suggestion. Previously, Khozarian steppe elephant was known in Siberia only at the beginning of the Late Pleistocene (MIS 5e).

scholarly journals Micromamíferos del Pleistoceno Superior del yacimiento de PRERESA en el valle del Manzanares y su contribución a la reconstrucción paleoambiental de la cuenca de Madrid durante el Pleistoceno

2011 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 471 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sesé ◽  
S. Rubio-Jara ◽  
J. Panera ◽  
A. Pérez-González
Keyword(s):  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Erinaceus Europaeus ◽  
Rhinolophus Ferrumequinum ◽  
Microtus Cabrerae ◽  
Crocidura Russula ◽  
Eliomys Quercinus ◽  
Microtus Duodecimcostatus ◽  
Mis 5 ◽  
Península Ibérica

PRERESA (Getafe, Madrid) es un yacimiento del primer tercio del Pleistoceno Superior, final del MIS 5, del que se han excavado 255 m2, y donde se han recuperado 754 piezas líticas y abundantes restos de micro- y macrovertebrados. En este trabajo se aborda el estudio de los micromamíferos identificados en el yacimiento: Erinaceomorpha: Erinaceus europaeus; Soricomorpha: Crocidura russula; Chiroptera: Rhinolophus ferrumequinum; Rodentia: Eliomys quercinus quercinus, Apodemus sp., Cricetulus (Allocricetus) bursae, Arvicola aff. sapidus, Microtus cabrerae, Microtus duodecimcostatus; Lagomorpha: Oryctolagus cuniculus. Esta asociación faunística, fundamentalmente por la presencia de Microtus cabrerae, es del Pleistoceno Superior. El estadio evolutivo de Microtus cabrerae y Arvicola aff. sapidus indican la antigüedad de esta asociación dentro de la primera parte de dicho periodo, lo que es acorde con la fecha de 84±5,6 ka BP obtenida por OSL. Todos los taxones que se registran en PRERESA viven actualmente en la zona en la que se ubica el yacimiento, excepto Cricetulus (Allocricetus) bursae que se extinguió en la Península Ibérica al final del Pleistoceno Superior. Las observaciones realizadas sobre el material indican que la acumulación de restos de micromamíferos en el yacimiento es debida, en su mayor parte, a la acción de predadores, muy posiblemente a egagrópilas de aves rapaces. La asociación de micromamíferos de PRERESA indica unas condiciones de clima templado con cierta humedad y un desarrollo de la vegetación con algunas zonas boscosas y fundamentalmente áreas abiertas pero con vegetación arbustiva, herbácea, praderas secas y húmedas, y ribereña. En una comparación de los micromamíferos del yacimiento de PRERESA con los de los yacimientos del Pleistoceno Medio de Áridos 1 y Valdocarros, los datos indican que en los tramos bajos de los ríos Manzanares y Jarama hubo unas condiciones climáticas y paisajísticas similares en los momentos que representan estos yacimientos (Pleistoceno Medio avanzado y primer tercio del Pleistoceno Superior). Sin embargo, y al igual que sucede en la actualidad, estas condiciones fueron algo diferentes en el valle del Lozoya en la Sierra de Guadarrama durante el primer tercio del Pleistoceno Superior, según indica la asociación de micromamíferos de la Cueva del Camino (Pinilla del Valle, Madrid), que sugiere un clima relativamente más húmedo y un medio con una mayor variedad de biotopos. La asociación de micromamíferos del Pleistoceno Superior de PRERESA, en el tramo bajo del Manzanares, comparada con la de la Cueva del Camino que tiene una cronología similar, y con otras del Norte de Madrid del Pleistoceno Superior, pone de manifiesto según nuestras observaciones una diferenciación biogeográfica y paleoclimática ya durante este periodo entre unas y otras, de las que la zona limitante serían más o menos las estribaciones meridionales y centro-orientales del Sistema Central.

scholarly journals Micromamíferos del Pleistoceno Medio y Pleistoceno Superior en el Valle del Jarama: yacimientos de Valdocarros y HAT (Madrid, España)

2011 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sesé ◽  
J. Panera ◽  
S. Rubio-Jara ◽  
A. Pérez-González
Keyword(s):  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Castor Fiber ◽  
Erinaceus Europaeus ◽  
Eliomys Quercinus

Se realiza el estudio de los micromamíferos del yacimiento de Valdocarros, que se localiza en la uni dad de Arganda II de la Terraza Compleja de Arganda, en el valle del Jarama (Madrid), y del yacimiento de HAT, que está en la unidad de Arganda IV. Las asociaciones de micromamíferos determinadas en este trabajo en dichos yacimientos son las siguientes: en Valdocarros: erinaceomorfos: Erinaceus europaeus; soricomorfos: Crocidura aff. russula; roedores: Eliomys quercinus, Castor fiber, Apodemus sp., Cricetulus (Allocricetus) bursae, Arvicola aff. sapidus y Microtus brecciensis; y lagomorfos: Oryctolagus cuniculus; y en HAT: soricomorfos: Soricidae indet.; roedores: Eliomys quercinus, Apodemus sp., Arvi cola aff. sapidus y Microtus cf. cabrerae; y lagomorfos: cf. Oryctolagus sp. La asociación del yacimiento de Valdocarros, por su composición y por el estadio evolutivo de Microtus brecciensis, se sitúa en el Pleistoceno Medio avanzado pero no final. La presencia de Microtus cf. cabrerae en el yacimiento de HAT hace que se adscriba al Pleistoceno Superior. Ambas asociaciones indican unas condiciones paleo- ambientales de clima templado y un buen desarrollo de la cobertura vegetal con zonas boscosas y zonas abiertas con vegetación arbustiva, ribereña y praderas.

scholarly journals Substrate potential of Eemian to Holocene permafrost organic matter for future microbial greenhouse gas production

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janina G. Stapel ◽  
Georg Schwamborn ◽  
Lutz Schirrmeister ◽  
Brian Horsfield ◽  
Kai Mangelsdorf
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Last Interglacial ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Substrate Potential ◽  
Mis 3 ◽  
Mis 5E

Abstract. Multiple permafrost cores from Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island in NE Siberia comprising deposits from Eemian to modern time are investigated to evaluate the stored potential of the freeze-locked organic matter (OM) to serve as substrate for the production of microbial greenhouse gases from thawing permafrost deposits. Deposits from Late Pleistocene glacial periods (comprising MIS 3 and MIS 4) possess an increased aliphatic character and a higher amount of potential substrates, and therefore higher OM quality in terms of biodegradation compared to interglacial deposits from the Eemian (MIS 5e) as well as from the Holocene (MIS 1). To assess the potential of the individual permafrost deposits to provide substrates for microbially induced greenhouse gas generation, concentrations of free and bound acetate as an excellent substrate for methanogenesis are used. The highest free (in pore water and segregated ice) and bound (bound to the organic matrix) acetate-substrate pools of the permafrost deposits are observed within the interstadial MIS 3 and stadial MIS 4 period deposits. In contrast, deposits from the last interglacial MIS 5e show only poor substrate pools. The Holocene deposits reveal a significant bound-acetate pool, representing at least a future substrate potential upon release during OM degradation. Biomarkers for past microbial communities (branched and isoprenoid GDGTs) show also highest abundance of past microbial communities during the MIS 3 and MIS 4 deposits, which indicates higher OM quality with respect to microbial degradation during time of deposition. On a broader perspective, Arctic warming will increase permafrost thaw and favour substrate availability from freeze-locked older permafrost deposits. Therefore, especially those deposits from MIS 3 and MIS 4 show a high potential for providing substrates relevant for methanogenesis.

scholarly journals Substrate potential of last interglacial to Holocene permafrost organic matter for future microbial greenhouse gas production

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1969-1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janina G. Stapel ◽  
Georg Schwamborn ◽  
Lutz Schirrmeister ◽  
Brian Horsfield ◽  
Kai Mangelsdorf
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Last Interglacial ◽  
Substrate Potential ◽  
Mis 3 ◽  
Thawing Permafrost ◽  
Mis 5E

Abstract. In this study the organic matter (OM) in several permafrost cores from Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island in NE Siberia was investigated. In the context of the observed global warming the aim was to evaluate the potential of freeze-locked OM from different depositional ages to act as a substrate provider for microbial production of greenhouse gases from thawing permafrost. To assess this potential, the concentrations of free and bound acetate, which form an appropriate substrate for methanogenesis, were determined. The largest free-acetate (in pore water) and bound-acetate (organic-matrix-linked) substrate pools were present in interstadial marine isotope stage (MIS) 3 and stadial MIS 4 Yedoma permafrost deposits. In contrast, deposits from the last interglacial MIS 5e (Eemian) contained only a small pool of substrates. The Holocene (MIS 1) deposits revealed a significant bound-acetate pool, representing a future substrate potential upon release during OM degradation. Additionally, pyrolysis experiments on the OM allocated an increased aliphatic character to the MIS 3 and 4 Late Pleistocene deposits, which might indicate less decomposed and presumably more easily degradable OM. Biomarkers for past microbial communities, including those for methanogenic archaea, also showed the highest abundance during MIS 3 and 4, which indicated OM-stimulated microbial degradation and presumably greenhouse gas production during time of deposition. On a broader perspective, Arctic warming will increase and deepen permafrost thaw and favor substrate availability from older freeze-locked permafrost deposits. Thus, the Yedoma deposits especially showed a high potential for providing substrates relevant for microbial greenhouse gas production.

scholarly journals The formation of Middle and Upper Pleistocene terraces (<i>Übergangsterrassen</i> and <i>Hochterrassen</i>) in the Bavarian Alpine Foreland – new numeric dating results (ESR, OSL, <sup>14</sup>C) and gastropod fauna analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-164
Author(s):  
Gerhard Schellmann ◽  
Patrick Schielein ◽  
Wolfgang Rähle ◽  
Christoph Burow
Keyword(s):  
Late Glacial ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Last Interglacial ◽  
Fluvial Deposits ◽  
Mis 3 ◽  
Alpine Foreland ◽  
Numeric Data ◽  
Glacial Periods ◽  
Mis 5E ◽  
Warm Temperate

Abstract. Until now, reliable chronological classifications based on numerical ages for many Pleistocene fluvial deposits in the Alpine Foreland were rare. In this study, new numeric data (ESR, OSL, 14C) from Middle and Upper (Late) Pleistocene Hochterrassen (high terraces) and Übergangsterrassen (transitional terraces) in the Bavarian Alpine Foreland are presented. The dating results imply that the Hochterrassen gravel sensu stricto were deposited during the penultimate glacial (MIS 6, Rissian), and that underlying older gravel accumulation are predominantly of penultimate interglacial (MIS 7, Riss–Riss interglacial) age. In some areas of the Hochterrassen in the Danube valley south of Regensburg (interglacial Hartinger Schichten, Harting layers), and in some areas of the Rainer Hochterrasse (basal gravel unit I), Hochterrassen gravels are underlain by much older interglacial gravel deposits. These interglacial basal gravel deposits illustrate that the downcutting of these valleys far away from areas of Pleistocene foreland glaciations happened predominantly during warm-temperate interglacial or late-glacial periods. One last interglacial (MIS 5e, Riss–Würm interglacial) Hochterrasse is morphologically preserved in the Isar valley. This Jüngere Moosburger Hochterrasse is composed of the Fagotienschotter (Fagotia gravel, named after the gastropod Fagotia acicularis). The next younger terraces are the Early to Middle Würmian (MIS 5d to MIS 3?) Übergangsterrassen (transitional terraces), whereas the younger one of the two Übergangsterrassen was formed most probably during the Middle Würmian (MIS 3).

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