scholarly journals Commercial services and urban space reconversion in Romania (1990–2017)

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Radu Săgeată
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Iron Curtain ◽  
Global Culture ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Social Segregation ◽  
Specialist Services ◽  
Made In

Concentrating incomes in large cities has encouraged the development of specialist services and the opening of big commercial units. The downfall of ideological barriers east of the former Iron Curtain made global culture combine with endemic sub-cultures, influenced by the living standard. The only limitation of this process appears to be social segregation which restricts demand and creates preferential segments of users. In Romania, financial segregation is directly reflected in the commercial investment made in Bucharest and in the large cities, mostly in the centre and western part of the country. The paper analyses the correlation of financial and commercial services, as well as their location and dispersion strategies at the level of the Romanian urban system.

On the Relation Between Global Modernity and Nationalism: The Crisis of Hegemony and the Rise of (Islamic) Identity in Turkey

1995 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 93-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Fuat Keyman
Keyword(s):  
Free Market ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Old Regime ◽  
Global Culture ◽  
End Of History ◽  
Global Modernity ◽  
The One ◽  
Cultural Homogenization ◽  
Made In

Turkey did not rise phoenix-like out of the ashes of the Ottoman Empire. It was ‘made’ in the image of the Kemalist elite which won the national struggle against foreign invaders and the old regime. Thereafter, the image of the country kept changing as the political elite grew and matured, and as it responded to challenges both at home and abroad. This process of ‘making’ goes on even today (Ahmad 1993, p.i).The process of contemporary globalization in its most general form involves a tension between universalism and particularism (see Robertson, 1992, pp. 8-61). On the one hand, with Francis Fukuyama’s “the end of history thesis” which suggests universalization of liberal democracy, along with the globalization of free market ideology, the dissolution of differences into sameness can be said to mark an emergence of cultural homogenization. On the other hand, it can be suggested that particularistic conflicts have begun to dictate the mode of articulation of political practices and ideological/discursive forms in global relations, which draws our attention to the tendency towards cultural heteroge-nization. Arjun Appadurai asserts in this context that “the central problem of today’s global interactions is the tension between cultural homogenization and cultural heterogenization”, or, as he puts it:the central feature of global culture today is the politics of the mutual effort of sameness and difference to cannibalize one another and thus to proclaim their successful hijacking of the twin Enlightenment ideas of the triumphantly universal and the resiliently particular (Appadurai, 1990, p. 17).

scholarly journals Critiques on the Ideologies of Contemporary Bedhayan Dances

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-114
Author(s):  
Sawitri Sawitri ◽  
Bani Sudardi ◽  
Wakit Abdullah ◽  
Nyoman Chaya
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Iron Curtain ◽  
Global Culture ◽  
Cultural Products ◽  
Classical Dance ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Court Dance ◽  
Classical Culture ◽  
The Relationship

This present paper provides a descriptive analysis toward a traditional court dance called Bedhaya, one of the cultural products of the Javanese community in Surakarta which evolved into its modern version Bedhayan due to the flow of global culture. By applying the theories of hermeneutics, ideology, aesthetics and Semiotics, the data are inferred according to the purposed questions. The inquiry is directed to infer the factors encompassing Bedhaya dance such as its emergence and the development, relationship with the existence and its role in the society, the relationship with systems within the society or with various interests. The results as inferred from the data obtained views in looking at the development on the classical dance of Bedhaya into Bedhayan left worthy of critical assessments. The reality of Bedhayan dance in the view of art as an ideology, from the outside, appears that the choreograhers/artists can freely express their creative ideas in the context of the fight agains the classical culture which is strongly enacted by the myths and power of the rulling king. However, it should be noted that Bedhayan dance artists which have managed to bring the classical bedhaya dance out of the walls of the Kraton also in essence always work in the confines of the iron curtain of a creativity called ideology. Whether consciously or not, being forced or sincere in living it, these choreographers actually fall into the life orientation which solely concerns the fulfillment of material needs.

scholarly journals Porto Alegre: a perdida cidade una (Fragmentos de modernidade e exclusão social no Sul do Brasil)

2004 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudio Pereira Elmir
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Social Segregation ◽  
De Se ◽  
Brazilian History ◽  
The City

O texto compreende uma discussão sobre o processo de modernização na cidade de Porto Alegre em vários momentos de sua história, articulando as transformações e modificações havidas no espaço urbano com uma paralela segregação social operada e/ou desejada na cidade. São recolhidos vários exemplos para demonstrar a vontade de se construir uma “cidade una”, na qual não se admite o convívio com os indesejados sociais. A combinação modernização/exclusão social, tantas vezes já abordada em diversos estudos da historiografia brasileira, encontra neste artigo mais um exercício de aproximação, a partir do qual pode-se vislumbrar momentos distintos – sem traçar uma linha de continuidade – desta operação específica da modernidade. Abstract The text discusses the process of modernization in the city of Porto Alegre during various moments of its history, debating both transformations and modifications in the city’s urban space along with a social segregation that was either going on or being wished for at that time. Many exemples are given so as to demonstrate the desire to build a “united city” in which those who were socially unwished were not allowed. The combination of modernization with social exclusion, so often discussed in many other studies of Brazilian history, is shown in this article as another approach to the issue of modernization with its distinct moments. Palavras-chave: Rio Grande do Sul. Séculos XIX e XX. Identidade. Key words: Rio Grande do Sul. XIX & XX centuries. Identity.

scholarly journals Useful City or the truth about systemic context of depopulation and shrinking cities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Kaczmarek ◽  
Adam Dąbrowski
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Economic Geography ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Spatial Economics ◽  
Shrinking Cities ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Utility Value ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Diagnostic Approaches ◽  
Permanent Residents

In recent years, the phenomenon of depopulation and shrinkage of cities has been observed. The depopulation of large cities is undoubtedly a demographic fact. The process of urban depopulation has recently become the theme of numerous reports and alarmist research works. However, it can be concluded that the diagnostic background of this phenomenon has got a narrow methodical foundation. As a measure of depopulation, the number of permanent residents is usually taken (according to the place of residence). Thus, the diversity, complexity and dynamics of processes taking place in contemporary cities are ignored. Postmodern reality appears as a segregated, separated world. Therefore, the diagnostic approaches currently used should be discussed. Going further, one can conclude that the measurement of depopulation and shrinkage of cities by the number of permanent residents is a simplification, because it ignores the essence of urbanity, which is the diversity of values offered by the urban space of exchange (i.e. the utility value). The article presents therefore the new concept of the measurement for shrinking of cities. Ideas discussed in the paper are expected to stimulate critical exchange of views among urban researchers. In the authors’ opinion, the sin of social-economic geography and spatial economics consists in boiling down great human affairs to aspects of correct representativeness.

Cumulative (and self-reinforcing) spatial inequalities: Interactions between accessibility and segregation in four Brazilian metropolises

2020 ◽  
pp. 239980832095842
Author(s):  
Tainá A Bittencourt ◽  
Mariana Giannotti ◽  
Eduardo Marques
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Racial Inequalities ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Spatial Inequalities ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Reproduction Of Inequality

The inequalities that mark global society have been deepening worldwide. They materialize in cities, putting pressure on public transport systems for spatial and temporal supply, at the same time as mobility itself generates multifaceted inequalities. From empirical evidence of four socially and spatially distinct Brazilian cities — São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Curitiba, and Fortaleza — we explore how differences in scale, geography, class, and race are related to spatial segregation, leading to different levels of access to jobs by public transport in the global peripheral context. These juxtaposed and combined inequalities create highly unfair and strongly cumulative effects on some social groups, contributing to the reproduction of inequality. Based on public and open data and combining methodologies of spatial analysis to enhance comparability and reproducibility, we explore different areal units, time thresholds, and metrics in order to examine transport inequalities in different urban contexts and refine our results. Upper classes have higher accessibility than lower classes, whites have higher accessibility than blacks, and large cities are more unequal than smaller ones. However, racial inequalities combine and overlap with class and city inequalities, changing these dichotomic notions when multiple dimensions are considered. The groups that polarize social hierarchy also polarize the urban space, since the white upper class and the black lower class are more segregated, but the way segregation interacts with accessibility is not straightforward and varies according to the socio-spatial structure.

scholarly journals O urbanismo e o seu outro: raça, cultura e cidade no Brasil (1920-1945)

1999 ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
José Tavares Correia de Lira
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Thought ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Cultural Identification ◽  
Cultural Relations ◽  
Social Segregation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Urban Renovation ◽  
The City ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Este trabalho explora algumas matrizes do pensamento social brasileiro em sua abordagem da formação do espaço urbano no país, em particular no que concerne às relações raciais, étnicas e culturais nas cidades. Parte da hipótese de que, a partir dos anos 20, o discurso urbanístico encontra na eugenia e no regionalismo bases confiáveis ao realinhamento nacionalista de sua intervenção técnica no espaço e na cultura de cidades complexamente divididas. Tendo em vista a problemática contemporânea das renovações urbanas, examina as questões de segregação social, distribuição no espaço e identificação cultural de grupos étnicos, nacionais e regionais em estudos e trechos de estudos sobre cidades de Oliveira Vianna, Gilberto Freyre, José Mariano Filho, Donald Pierson e Samuel Lowrie. Palavras-chave: urbanismo; cidade; nação; pensamento social brasileiro; relações raciais; etnicidade; eugenia; culturalismo; regionalismo. "Urbanism and its alter: race, culture and the city in Brazil (1920-1945)" Abstract: This paper deals with some important sources of the social thought in Brazil as they refer to the formation of the urban space in the country, particularly in respect to racial, ethnic, and cultural relations in the city. It raises the hypothesis that the urbanistic discourse, from the 1920s onwards, finds in eugenics and regionalism some reliable basis for the nationalistic realignment of its technical intervention in complexly divided urban spaces and cultures. Having in mind the contemporary question of urban renovation, it specially examines matters of social segregation, spatial distribution and cultural identification of ethnic, national and regional groups in some writings of Oliveira Vianna, Gilberto Freyre, José Mariano Filho, Donald Pierson and Samuel Lowrie. Keywords: urbanism; city; nation; Brazilian social thought; racial relationships; ethnicity; eugenics; culturalism; regionalism.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF GLOBAL TRENDS IN THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT HUBS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
S. Unasheva ◽  
N. Korshunova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Current Trends

it is common knowledge that the transport problem is one of the most pressing problems of large cities and megacities, acquiring an increasingly acute urban development economic and social nature. Therefore, the relevance of the research topic has been dominated by the need to upgrade transport infrastructure of the Russian Federation. The creation of transport hubs (TH) is one of the most advanced areas of upgrading and development of transport infrastructure as it helps to improve the conditions of transport accessibility and form the unity of the entire urban space and its surroundings. In this research work, transport hubs (centers) of large cities were considered and analyzed. Drawing from examples of transport hub formation on the basis of stations with signs of transport intermodality were identified. The main goal of this study was to identify the main problems, current trends and advantages of creating such objects. Complex analysis is needed to achieve the goal of research studies, as well as experience in domestic and foreign practice of the formation, functioning and development of transport hubs. In view of the foregoing, it is safe to say that the formation and modernization of transport hubs are the primary tasks due to the real possibility of solving of urban problems.

scholarly journals The Circumstances of Art in the Public Space

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2(4)) ◽  
pp. 177-190
Author(s):  
Michaela Rudyjová
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Cultural Policy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Totalitarian Regimes ◽  
Made In ◽  
Hybrid Forms

The public space and the art within it have taken different forms and functions in history, namely changing from being an agora, to present-day so-called hybrid forms. The resulting state of forms and functions of art in the public space depends on several determinants, including freedom and restrictions concerning the public space. While under totalitarian regimes priorities and restrictions prevail, after the fall of totalitarian regimes almost unlimited freedom comes into being. Consequently, questions arise regarding who makes decisions on the forms of art placed in the public space, and on what grounds such decisions are made. In our article, in taking the example of one city we are looking for the answers to questions whether and how it is possible to map the art in the public urban space, as well as who, and on what grounds, makes decisions regarding expressions of art in the public space. Methodologically, we have based our research on the identification and analysis of relevant documents of cultural policy related to a given place and on interviews with a chosen relevant expert who is involved in the public space.

scholarly journals A SURVEY OF CHANGES INTRODUCED INTO SCHOOL CURRICULAR FROM THE POSITION OF MULTICULTURALISM

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (9(77)) ◽  
pp. 262-265
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Volkova
Keyword(s):  
Global Culture ◽  
National Values ◽  
Proper Training ◽  
European Values ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Teachers Training ◽  
School Training ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Scientific Ideas ◽  
Made In

The article deals with a coverage and analysis of experience of Britain school authorities in implementing the principle of multiculturalism in the curriculum of key 3 and 4 stage of studying. The author begins with an analysis of the term ‘multiculturalism’, stating that the term is now widely used in scientific works of European researchers, while the term policulturalism that is used in Ukrainian discourse, is only a translation of it. Further on, the article describes the views of European scientists on the notion of ‘culture’, which, according to them, is a changeable and flexible phenomenon, and can accumulate and absorb phenomena that belong to different cultures. The author’s aim in writing this article was to spread the knowledge about how school curricular in the UK and principles of teachers’ training have changed in order to disseminate and implement ideas of multiculturalism in school training. These changes include equal and honest representation of diverse scientific ideas and views highlighting the contribution of all nations in the global culture and science. The article also underlines that there are 2 sides in the process of implementing multiculturalism, and one should not exaggerate the idea of European values contrary to local ones. The arcticle emphasizes the necessity of adopting the results of the mentioned research, made in British schools, to the educational environment of Ukraine, including such steps as: implementing the notion of multiculturalism into all the documentation that concerns school education, providing teachers with a proper training and resources, and forming the image of an Ukrainian as a representative of a multi-cultured and multinational nation that is united by common national values.

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