scholarly journals Bilateral trade with a benevolent intermediary

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1655-1714
Author(s):  
Ran Eilat ◽  
Ady Pauzner
Keyword(s):  
Objective Function ◽  
Mechanism Design ◽  
Design Problem ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Limited Commitment ◽  
Gains From Trade ◽  
Bilateral Negotiations ◽  
Available Information

We study intermediaries who seek to maximize gains from trade in bilateral negotiations. Intermediaries are players: they cannot commit to act against their objective function and deny, in some cases, trade they believe to be beneficial. This impairs their ability to assist the parties relative to conventional mechanisms. We analyze this limited commitment environment as a standard mechanism design problem with an additional “credibility” constraint, requiring that every outcome be interim‐optimal conditional on available information. We investigate how such intermediaries communicate with the parties, analyze the tradeoffs they face, and study the bounds on what they can achieve.

scholarly journals Optimal design of a DC MHD pump by simulated annealing method

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-350
Author(s):  
Khadidja Bouali ◽  
Fatima Kadid ◽  
Rachid Abdessemed
Keyword(s):  
Simulated Annealing ◽  
Optimal Design ◽  
Objective Function ◽  
Design Problem ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Simulated Annealing Method ◽  
Direct Interpretation ◽  
Annealing Method

In this paper a design methodology of a magnetohydrodynamic pump is proposed. The methodology is based on direct interpretation of the design problem as an optimization problem. The simulated annealing method is used for an optimal design of a DC MHD pump. The optimization procedure uses an objective function which can be the minimum of the mass. The constraints are both of geometrics and electromagnetic in type. The obtained results are reported.

The Challenge of Cooperation: Argentina and Brazil, 1939–1955

1995 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Porcile
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
International System ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
International Economy ◽  
Gains From Trade ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Economic Union

AbstractThis article analyses the variables shaping economic relations between Argentina and Brazil in the 1939–5 5 period, namely changes in the international economy, bilateral trade, the industrial structure and domestic politics. It is argued that although rivalry prevailed in most of the period this was qualified by the interest of Argentina and Brazil in securing the gains from trade and in enhancing their position in the international system. The balance of these contending forces was a pattern of limited or restrained cooperation. If significant trade concessions were offered, their institutional framework remained unstable and fragile. This was reflected in the uncertainty that plagued bilateral trade and in the failure of more ambitious initiatives aimed at economic integration, as those proposed in the Pinedo Plan and in the economic union agreements of 1953–54.

A new Hybrid Taguchi-salp swarm optimization algorithm for the robust design of real-world engineering problems

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
Ali Rıza Yıldız ◽  
Mehmet Umut Erdaş
Keyword(s):  
Objective Function ◽  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Design Problem ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Stress Constraint ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Salp Swarm Algorithm ◽  
Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Swarm Algorithm

Abstract In this paper, a new hybrid Taguchi salp swarm algorithm (HTSSA) has been developed to speed up the optimization processes of structural design problems in industry and to approach a global optimum solution. The design problem is posed for the shape optimization of a seat bracket with a mass objective function and a stress constraint. Objective function evaluations are based on finite element analysis, while the response surface method is used to obtain the equations necessary for objective and constraint functions. Recent optimization techniques such as the salp swarm algorithm, grasshopper optimization algorithm and, Harris hawks optimization algorithm are used to compare the performance of the HTSSA in solving the structural design problem. The results show the hybrid Taguchi salp swarm algorithm’s ability and the superiority of the method developed for optimum product design processes.

scholarly journals Evaluating Strategic Forecasters

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (10) ◽  
pp. 3057-3103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Deb ◽  
Mallesh M. Pai ◽  
Maher Said
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Design ◽  
Design Problem ◽  
Dynamic Mechanism ◽  
Future Event ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Dynamic Mechanism Design

Motivated by the question of how one should evaluate professional election forecasters, we study a novel dynamic mechanism design problem without transfers. A principal who wishes to hire only high-quality forecasters is faced with an agent of unknown quality. The agent privately observes signals about a publicly observable future event, and may strategically misrepresent information to inflate the principal’s perception of his quality. We show that the optimal deterministic mechanism is simple and easy to implement in practice: it evaluates a single, optimally timed prediction. We study the generality of this result and its robustness to randomization and noncommitment. (JEL C53, D72, D82)

Fragile Canada-US relations could fracture further

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Industry ◽  
North American ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bilateral Negotiations

Significance The tariffs, on 12.8 billion US dollars’ worth of US goods, respond to US tariffs on Canadian steel and aluminium exports. This could mark the beginning of a sharp deterioration in relations between the two close economic partners and military allies. The pending US response by President Donald Trump could include tariffs on Canada’s automobile sector, which would disrupt the closely integrated North American automobile industry. Impacts Both countries’ governments will gain new tariff revenues, but lose money from higher unemployment longer term. US steel and aluminium will still be supplied by Canadian suppliers, but increased costs could see firms fail. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau will push to keep NAFTA renegotiations going, seeking to work with Mexico. NAFTA renegotiations will stall, if not terminate; separate bilateral negotiations (US-Canada and US-Mexico) are then likely. Bilateral trade talks could cost Trudeau politically if he is seen to bow unduly to Trump.

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