scholarly journals Convex preferences: A new definition

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1169-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Richter ◽  
Ariel Rubinstein
Keyword(s):  
Decision Maker ◽  
Algebraic Structure ◽  
Preference Relation ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Convex Preferences ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
General Conditions

We suggest a concept of convexity of preferences that does not rely on any algebraic structure. A decision maker has in mind a set of orderings interpreted as evaluation criteria. A preference relation is defined to be convex when it satisfies the following condition: If, for each criterion, there is an element that is both inferior to b by the criterion and superior to a by the preference relation, then b is preferred to a. This definition generalizes the standard Euclidean definition of convex preferences. It is shown that under general conditions, any strict convex preference relation is represented by a maxmin of utility representations of the criteria. Some economic examples are provided.

scholarly journals The Visual Practice: the Infographic as a Facilitating Tool for Learning in Medical School

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diêgo Andrade de Oliveira ◽  
Rosângela Souza Lessa ◽  
Suzana Cristina Silva Ribeiro ◽  
Pedro Fonseca de Vasconcelos
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Human Aging ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Information Focus ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract: Introduction: In the context of medical school, the development of methodologies that stimulate the students’ search for learning, autonomy and creativity are essential for medical education in Brazil. The study aims to describe the construction of infographics as a pedagogical proposal for the learning of organic human aging processes by medical students. Method: Medical students attending the 4th period at a Higher Education Institution built infographics, as a requirement for the practical content of the Aging Process module. The static-type infographic was adopted, following criteria such as the definition of the target audience; definition of the objective; choice of topic; selection of the most relevant information (focus); direct and accessible language; organized information; choices of color palettes and style and; infographic sketch. The entire creation process was supervised by the teacher in charge of the project, and evaluation criteria were previously established. Results: The class was divided into seven groups, resulting in the production of an infographic with a specific topic per group. The human aging topics were: Degenerative Joint Diseases, Bone Weakness, Pneumonia in the Elderly, Acute Myocardial Infarction, Vascular Dementia, Atherosclerosis and Herpes Zoster. It is worth noting that in addition to the creation, each group presented the final product to the other colleagues, explaining each item included in the static infographic. Conclusions: We observed that the students satisfactorily met the proposed evaluation requirements, demonstrating their involvement in the construction of infographics and, above all, in simple, creative and objective learning, using a powerful visual tool. We also add that the printed material will be used as aid in the histology laboratory and in extramural activities.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTICS OF THE PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF THE ENTERPRISE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taisiya Voronkova ◽  
◽  
Anastasiia Vovkodav ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
Method Of Production ◽  
Definition Of

A market economy requires flexibility in the operation of industrial enterprises, prompt adjustment of the nature and directions of production processes. That is why, in modern business conditions, the importance of not only ensuring the efficiency of economic entities, but also the formation of their potential and prospects for further development. It is proved that some modern industrial enterprises are characterized by the inability to really assess the production potential, incomplete use of available resources, the latest technologies, and modern methods of production management. Production potential has been identified as having several specific characteristics: integrity, interchangeability, interconnection, flexibility, or adaptability. It is noted that the potential concentrates three levels of connections and relationships at the same time: reflects the past, characterizes the present in terms of practical application, future-oriented. Six main methods used in the estimation of production potential are investigated and characterized: economic-statistical, method of production functions, method of cost estimation, index, indicator, and matrix methods. The principles that must be followed when diagnosing the production potential of the enterprise are determined: the completeness of the original data and the universality of the information base; reliability and availability of collected data; the possibility of using two types of assessment of production potential: resource-productive and rating; use of the concept of potential in a certain direction; use of basic and additional indicators; availability of certain evaluation criteria for the main and additional indicators. It is substantiated that the interpretation of the definition of “production potential” is ambiguous, as well as the methods of its evaluation. It is noted that without the study of production potential is not possible strategic development and planning of other activities of the enterprise and the process of managing the production potential of an industrial enterprise is aimed at efficient use of all its resources in the long run.

On the Generality of the AP-Integral

1971 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Cross
Keyword(s):  
Trigonometric Series ◽  
Denjoy Integral ◽  
Integrable Functions ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
General Conditions

In 1955 Taylor [6] constructed an AP-integral sufficiently strong to integrate Abel summable series with coefficients o(n). He showed that the AP-integral includes the special Denjoy integral and further that, when applied to trigonometric series, the AP-integral is more powerful than the SCP-integral of Burkill [1] and the P2-integral of James [3]. The present paper shows that the AP-integral includes the SCP-integral, and, under natural assumptions, the P2-integral.After completing this manuscript I was advised by Skvorcov that he had shown [5] under more general conditions that the P2-integral is included in the AP-integral. The proof in the present paper seems to have some value in its own right and is considerably shorter.Since the definition of the AP-integral is essentially for a function defined in (0, 2π] and elsewhere by 2π-periodicity, we shall consider SCP-integrable and P2-integrable functions defined similarly.

On EMV-Semirings

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Borzooei ◽  
M. Shenavaei ◽  
A. Di Nola ◽  
O. Zahiri
Keyword(s):  
Distributive Lattice ◽  
Algebraic Structure ◽  
Maximal Ideal ◽  
Boolean Algebras ◽  
Algebraic Extension ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Basic Properties ◽  
Mv Algebra ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Generalized Boolean Algebras

Abstract The paper deals with an algebraic extension of MV-semirings based on the definition of generalized Boolean algebras. We propose a semiring-theoretic approach to EMV-algebras based on the connections between such algebras and idempotent semirings. We introduce a new algebraic structure, not necessarily with a top element, which is called an EMV-semiring and we get some examples and basic properties of EMV-semiring. We show that every EMV-semiring is an EMV-algebra and every EMV-semiring contains an MV-semiring and an MV-algebra. Then, we study EMV-semiring as a lattice and prove that any EMV-semiring is a distributive lattice. Moreover, we define an EMV-semiring homomorphism and show that the categories of EMV-semirings and the category of EMV-algebras are isomorphic. We also define the concepts of GI-simple and DLO-semiring and prove that every EMV-semiring is a GI-simple and a DLO-semiring. Finally, we propose a representation for EMV-semirings, which proves that any EMV-semiring is either an MV-semiring or can be embedded into an MV-semiring as a maximal ideal.

Subject Expertise and Teachers’ Knowledge

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Schempp ◽  
Dean Manross ◽  
Steven K.S. Tan ◽  
Matthew D. Fincher
Keyword(s):  
Pedagogical Content Knowledge ◽  
Content Knowledge ◽  
Student Motivation ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Pedagogical Content ◽  
Perceptions Of Students ◽  
Subject Matter Expertise ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of

The purpose of the study was to ascertain the influence of subject matter expertise on teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge. Data were collected through multiple, extended interviews with 10 teachers with expertise in at least 1 subject area in physical education. Each teacher was interviewed 4 times for approximately 1 hour, focusing on the teacher’s familiarity with 2 content areas (1 expert and 1 nonexpert) and their experiences teaching the subjects. Data were analyzed using the constant comparative technique. The findings were presented with reference to Grossman’s (1990) definition of pedagogical content knowledge. Subject experts identified their largest pedagogical problem as student motivation, while nonexperts believed finding appropriate activities was their greatest challenge. Subject experts were more comfortable and enthusiastic about pedagogical duties and could accommodate a greater range of abilities. The experts and nonexperts revealed no differences in curricular selection, perceptions of students’ understanding of the subject, or evaluation criteria.

Developing the fifth generation port concept model: an empirical test

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 1098-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Tae-Woo Lee ◽  
Jasmine Siu Lee Lam ◽  
Cheng-Wei Lin ◽  
Kai-Chieh Hu ◽  
Inkyo Cheong
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Preference Relation ◽  
Preference Ranking ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Concept Model ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Service Standards

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to test the 5GP concept with measurement of the performance of Busan, Hong Kong, Singapore and Shanghai ports, employing a hybrid method of consistent fuzzy preference relation (CFPR), VIsekriterijumska Optimizacija i KOmpromisno Resenje (VIKOR) and PROMETHEE. Design/methodology/approach The authors developed the concept of the fifth generation ports (5GPs), and apply CFPR, VIKOR and preference ranking organization method for enrichment evaluations (PROMETHEE) to evaluate the 5GPs. Findings The performance of the ports of Hong Kong and Singapore is close to meet the definition of 5GP criteria. On the contrary, ports of Busan and Shanghai are still behind the 5GP stage in light of the majority of the evaluation criteria’s performance. Research limitations/implications This paper studies four ports. More empirical tests are needed to verify the applicability of the 5GP concept toward other ports. Practical implications The findings provided port managers with the insight of how to improve their port to meet the criteria of 5GP. Social implications New criteria and higher expectations of existing requirements present challenges to port managers for a need to raise the bar of service standards and develop new competencies. Originality/value The authors developed the concept of the 5GPs. Newly developed 5GP contributes to expanding the concepts of first to fourth generation ports developed by UNCTAD.

Compression of Barotropic Turbulence Simulation Data Using Wavelet-Based Lossy Coding

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Floating Point ◽  
Simulation Data ◽  
Single Precision ◽  
Acceptable Error ◽  
Turbulence Simulation ◽  
Lossy Coding ◽  
Point Data ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Quantities Of Interest

Single-precision floating point data from a simulation of barotropic turbulence is compressed with a wavelet-based method. The quantity being compressed is vorticity. The compression error is evaluated both in terms of error in the vorticity and the error in various quantities derived from the vorticity. Numerical error is evaluated in all quantities and visualizations of the vorticity and correlation of the error with the uncompressed data are evaluated. It is found that depending on the quantities of interest and the evaluation criteria, compression ratios of 4:1 to 256:1 are achievable. Under a conservative definition of acceptable error, it is possible to recover quantities of interest from data compressed 4:1 (8bpp), the data rate that in existing practice is used for visualization.

Definition of an evaluation grid for term-extraction software

Terminology ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Claude L'Homme ◽  
Loubna Benali ◽  
Claudine Bertrand ◽  
Patricia Lauduique
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Automated Extraction ◽  
Evaluation Form ◽  
The Past ◽  
Term Extraction ◽  
Definition Of

This paper examines evaluation criteria for term-extraction software. These tools have gained popularity over the past few years, but they come in all sorts of structures and their performance cannot be compared (qualitatively) to that of humans performing the same task. The lists obtained after an automated extraction must always be filtered by users. The evaluation form proposed here consists of a certain number of preprocessing criteria (such as the language analyzed by the software, identification strategies used, etc.) and a postprocessing criterion (performance of software) that users must take into account before they start using such systems. Each criterion is defined and illustrated with examples. Commercial tools have also been tested.

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