Cuphea lanceolata and Cuphea ignia Seed Increase Using Three Pollinators in Insect-Proof Cages in the Field

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Craig A. Abel ◽  
J. W. Van Roekel ◽  
Richard L. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Cuphea Lanceolata ◽  
Seed Increase

Creating a Great Basin native annual forb seed increase program: lessons learned

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-102
Author(s):  
Tara de Queiroz ◽  
Shannon Swim ◽  
P Lee Turner ◽  
Elizabeth A Leger
Keyword(s):  
Great Basin ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Seed Increase

Grafting as a tool in common bean breeding

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Gurusamy ◽  
K E Bett ◽  
A Vandenberg
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Rooted Cutting ◽  
Grafting Technique ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Bean Genotype ◽  
Breeding Efficiency ◽  
Phaseolus Species ◽  
Seed Increase

Compatibility of rootstock for grafting was investigated in four species of Phaseolus to study the use of grafting as a tool in bean breeding programs. Four genotypes of Phaseolus vulgaris and one genotype of P. coccineus were used as rootstocks. Two genotypes of P. vulgaris, and one each of P. acutifolius and P. angustissimus, and an interspecific hybrid of P. acutifolius × P. angustissiumus were used as scions. The common bean genotype ICA Pijao, a widely used female parent in bean interspecific hybridization, was the most compatible rootstock among the five genotypes tested, with high mean percent survival for scions across all four Phaseolus species. Grafting was an efficient technique compared with rooted cuttings for seed increase in determinate type bean plants, where obtaining the maximum number of clones before the reproductive phase is critical. Grafting resulted in 91 and 66% higher mean seed yield per plant compared with ungrafted control and rooted cutting treatments, respectively. This grafting technique using compatible rootstocks such as P. vulgaris ICA Pijao has potential to improve early generation seed increase ratio, multiplication of clones for screening, and perpetuation of sterile or recalcitrant interspecific hybrids for various breeding strategies. Key words: Grafting, Phaseolus sp., interspecific hybrids, compatible rootstocks, clonal propagation, seed multiplication, breeding efficiency

Genetics of allozyme variation in Cuphea lanceolata Ait.

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Knapp ◽  
L. A. Tagliani
Keyword(s):  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Capric Acid ◽  
Allozyme Variation ◽  
Test Statistics ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Average Heterozygosity ◽  
Goodness Of Fit Test ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Segregation Ratios ◽  
Cuphea Lanceolata

Genetic markers are needed for mating systems and breeding experiments in Cuphea lanceolata Ait.; however, none have been described in this species. Allozyme variation was analyzed among 14 F2 populations assayed for aconitase (ACO), diaphorase (DIA), esterase (EST), fluorescent esterase transaminase (FEST), glutamine oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), menadione reductase (MNR), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI), and shikimate dehydrogenase (SKDH) enzyme activity. At least 23 loci were resolved in these enzyme systems: 6 monomorphic loci, 5 poorly resolved loci, and 12 clearly resolved polymorphic loci. Observed segregation ratios were generally not significantly different (P > 0.05) from expected segregation ratios; however, segregation distortion was observed at Skdh-1 and Mnr-1 (Dia-1) in some F2 populations. Skdh-1 and Pgm-2 and Est-1, Est-2, Fest-1, and Mnr-1 comprise putative linkage groups. Allozyme variation was observed between and within accessions. The expected average heterozygosity was 16.3%. There were one to eight polymorphic loci among the F2 populations analyzed. There were an average of 2.05 alleles per locus. Several useful codominant markers were identified and a partial allozyme linkage map was constructed. Additional work is needed to revise and complete the map.Key words: Cuphea, isozymes, goodness of fit test statistics, lauric acid, capric acid.

scholarly journals Evaluations and Plant Descriptors of New Collections of Lesquerella fendleri

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 814A-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Dierig ◽  
Anson E. Thompson ◽  
Terry A. Coffelt ◽  
Stacy E. Arnold ◽  
Gail H. Dahlquist
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Lesquerella Fendleri ◽  
The Past ◽  
Germplasm Diversity ◽  
National Plant Germplasm System ◽  
Oil Characteristics ◽  
Gum Content ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
Seed Increase

Lesquerella fendleri (Gray) Wats. (Brassicaceae) is a potential oilseed crop with many commercial applications, primarily as lubricant additives, but also in resins, waxes, plastics, and cosmetics. This species is native to the southwestern United States where new populations have been collected over the past 2 years to increase germplasm diversity for plant breeding. Some of these new accessions were evaluated and seeds increased at Phoenix, Ariz., over the 1994–95 season. Measurements of stand establishment; plant height and width; leaf, shoot, and flower characteristics; and growth habit were taken over the season. Plants were also examined for autofertility and male sterility. Seed-oil characteristics, seed size and yield, glucosinalate content, and seedcoat gum content will be measured at harvest. Plant descriptors for Lesquerella have been developed as a result of these measurements. Following seed increase, germplasm will be entered into the National Plant Germplasm System. This information will be useful in determining the most promising material for plant breeding.

scholarly journals Aerial High-Throughput Phenotyping Enabling Indirect Selection for Grain Yield at the Early-generation Seed-limited Stages in Breeding Programs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret R. Krause ◽  
Suchismita Mondal ◽  
José Crossa ◽  
Ravi P. Singh ◽  
Francisco Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Early Generation ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
High Throughput Phenotyping ◽  
Seed Increase ◽  
Yield Trials ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACTBreeding programs for wheat and many other crops require one or more generations of seed increase before replicated yield trials can be sown. Extensive phenotyping at this stage of the breeding cycle is challenging due to the small plot size and large number of lines under evaluation. Therefore, breeders typically rely on visual selection of small, unreplicated seed increase plots for the promotion of breeding lines to replicated yield trials. With the development of aerial high-throughput phenotyping technologies, breeders now have the ability to rapidly phenotype thousands of breeding lines for traits that may be useful for indirect selection of grain yield. We evaluated early generation material in the irrigated bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding program at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center to determine if aerial measurements of vegetation indices assessed on small, unreplicated plots were predictive of grain yield. To test this approach, two sets of 1,008 breeding lines were sown both as replicated yield trials and as small, unreplicated plots during two breeding cycles. Vegetation indices collected with an unmanned aerial vehicle in the small plots were observed to be heritable and moderately correlated with grain yield assessed in replicated yield trials. Furthermore, vegetation indices were more predictive of grain yield than univariate genomic selection, while multi-trait genomic selection approaches that combined genomic information with the aerial phenotypes were found to have the highest predictive abilities overall. A related experiment showed that selection approaches for grain yield based on vegetation indices could be more effective than visual selection; however, selection on the vegetation indices alone would have also driven a directional response in phenology due to confounding between those traits. A restricted selection index was proposed for improving grain yield without affecting the distribution of phenology in the breeding population. The results of these experiments provide a promising outlook for the use of aerial high-throughput phenotyping traits to improve selection at the early-generation seed-limited stage of wheat breeding programs.

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