scholarly journals A graded-gap X-ray detector with charge avalanche multiplication

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Dapkus
2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 4654-4663 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Hunt ◽  
Kenkichi Tanioka ◽  
J. A. Rowlands

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (7Part3) ◽  
pp. 2670-2670
Author(s):  
D Hunt ◽  
K Tanioka ◽  
J Rowlands

2002 ◽  
Vol 09 (05n06) ◽  
pp. 1741-1745 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. MARTÍNEZ-JUÁREZ ◽  
J. OLVERA ◽  
T. DÍAZ ◽  
F. DE ANDA ◽  
A. ESCOBOSA

We report the results of a study of Al 0.065 Ga 0.935 Sb avalanche photodetectors grown on n-GaSb substrates. The devices have been fabricated from layers with the structure p-Al 0.13 Ga 0.87 Sb/n-Al 0.065 Ga 0.935 Sb:Te/n-GaSb (substrate) grown by liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) with a composition matched to detect light of 1.55 μm. The heterostructures were grown from Ga-rich solutions at 400°C. Just after their growth, the structures were subjected to baking processes inside the growth chamber. The baking time was varied and its influence on the breakdown voltages of the junctions was observed. Breakdown voltages up to 12 V, very low net donor concentration in the active layer (1E15 cm -3), and avalanche multiplication factors of around 50 have been obtained. The carrier concentration was determined by the C–V method. Photoluminescence and X-ray diffraction measurements were carried out to investigate the properties of the LPE-grown ternary layers, to determine the band gap and to estimate the quality of epitaxial layers. The photoresponses of the detectors are also presented.


1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 275-277
Author(s):  
M. Karlický ◽  
J. C. Hénoux

AbstractUsing a new ID hybrid model of the electron bombardment in flare loops, we study not only the evolution of densities, plasma velocities and temperatures in the loop, but also the temporal and spatial evolution of hard X-ray emission. In the present paper a continuous bombardment by electrons isotropically accelerated at the top of flare loop with a power-law injection distribution function is considered. The computations include the effects of the return-current that reduces significantly the depth of the chromospheric layer which is evaporated. The present modelling is made with superthermal electron parameters corresponding to the classical resistivity regime for an input energy flux of superthermal electrons of 109erg cm−2s−1. It was found that due to the electron bombardment the two chromospheric evaporation waves are generated at both feet of the loop and they propagate up to the top, where they collide and cause temporary density and hard X-ray enhancements.


1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
A. H. Gabriel

The development of the physics of the solar atmosphere during the last 50 years has been greatly influenced by the increasing capability of observations made from space. Access to images and spectra of the hotter plasma in the UV, XUV and X-ray regions provided a major advance over the few coronal forbidden lines seen in the visible and enabled the cooler chromospheric and photospheric plasma to be seen in its proper perspective, as part of a total system. In this way space observations have stimulated new and important advances, not only in space but also in ground-based observations and theoretical modelling, so that today we find a well-balanced harmony between the three techniques.


1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
E. Hildner

AbstractOver the last twenty years, orbiting coronagraphs have vastly increased the amount of observational material for the whitelight corona. Spanning almost two solar cycles, and augmented by ground-based K-coronameter, emission-line, and eclipse observations, these data allow us to assess,inter alia: the typical and atypical behavior of the corona; how the corona evolves on time scales from minutes to a decade; and (in some respects) the relation between photospheric, coronal, and interplanetary features. This talk will review recent results on these three topics. A remark or two will attempt to relate the whitelight corona between 1.5 and 6 R⊙to the corona seen at lower altitudes in soft X-rays (e.g., with Yohkoh). The whitelight emission depends only on integrated electron density independent of temperature, whereas the soft X-ray emission depends upon the integral of electron density squared times a temperature function. The properties of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) will be reviewed briefly and their relationships to other solar and interplanetary phenomena will be noted.


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