scholarly journals A Historical Review of Progress in the Assessment of Dietary Zinc Intake as an Indicator of Population Zinc Status

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 772-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalind S. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Historical Review ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Zinc Intake

The role of zinc status in altered cardiac adenylate cyclase activity in diabetic rats

1988 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arshag D. Mooradian ◽  
John E. Morley ◽  
Philip J. Scarpace
Keyword(s):  
Adenylate Cyclase ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Cyclase Activity ◽  
Adenylate Cyclase Activity ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Diabetic State ◽  
High Zinc

Abstract. Zinc deficiency and altered myocardial adenylate cyclase activity commonly occur in diabetes. To determine whether the zinc intake of the animal can account for the altered β-adrenergic receptor activity in the diabetic heart, we determined the β-adrenergic receptor number and isoproterenol-, NaF- and forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in diabetic and control rats maintained on low, normal and high zinc diets for 3 weeks. Scatchard analysis of [125I]iodocyanopindolol binding to control heart membrane preparations revealed a binding capacity of 17.3 ± 1.3 fmol/mg protein with a Kd of 35 ± 1.0 pmol/l. Neither the diabetic state nor the zinc status altered these binding parameters. The isoproterenol-stimulated adenylate cyclase acticity was significantly lower in diabetic rats on low zinc diets compared with controls. The NaF- (65.1 ± 5.4 vs 60.8 ± 6.4 pmol cAMP·mg protein−1·min−1) and forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activities (161 ± 9.3 vs 154 ± 21.2 pmol cAMP·mg protein−1· min−1) were not significantly altered in diabetic rats. Low dietary zinc intake compared with high zinc diet significantly increased NaF- and forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity both in diabetic rats and controls. The effect of dietary zinc content on isoproterenol-stimulated adenylate cyclase was significant in control rats only. Thus zinc intake appears to be an important determinant of cardiac adenylate cyclase activity level. Additional factors peculiar to the diabetic state are involved in the modulation of β-adrenergic responsiveness of the diabetic heart.

Does Zinc Absorption Reflect Zinc Status?

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (45) ◽  
pp. 300-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet C. King
Keyword(s):  
Physiological State ◽  
Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Zinc Homeostasis ◽  
Zinc Transporters ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Zinc Absorption ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Supplemental Zinc

Unlike iron, zinc absorption is influenced by dietary zinc intake, not zinc status. As dietary zinc increases, the total amount of absorbed zinc increases while the percent absorbed declines. The gastrointestinal tract maintains whole-body zinc homeostasis by adjusting endogenous zinc losses to the amount absorbed. At intakes below about 9 mg/day, zinc absorption occurs primarily by a saturable (carrier) process involving ZIP4, ZnT1, and other transporters. There is no evidence that past zinc intakes, or status, influences zinc absorption. Instead, current zinc intake is the chief determinant of zinc absorption. Supplemental zinc taken with water in the post-absorptive state initially is absorbed more efficiently than food zinc, but absorption efficiency declines within 24 hours presumably due to down-regulation of the zinc transporters. More research is needed to understand the effect of physiological state on zinc absorption.

Zinc intake and status in Austria in the light of different reference values

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Elmadfa ◽  
Alexa L. Meyer ◽  
Timo Kuen ◽  
Karin Wagner ◽  
Verena Hasenegger
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Using Data

Abstract. Zinc has been identified as a critical micronutrient also in high-income countries. There is still some uncertainty about the evaluation of zinc sufficiency due to divergent daily intake reference values. We wanted to exemplify this issue using data from the Austrian Study on Nutritional Status 2012. Plasma zinc concentrations were measured in a nationally representative sample of 872 persons aged 6–80 years (55.5 % female). Dietary zinc intake was estimated from two 24h dietary recalls. Additionally, parameters of the antioxidative status (plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidative capacity) and activities of alkaline phosphatase (AP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)) were determined. Zinc status was marginal in schoolchildren (40 % of boys and 22 % of girls) and in elderly (28 % of men and 33 % of women). Dietary zinc intake was also unsatisfactory in these groups with 38 % of boys and 32 % of girls and 64.5 % of older men below the nationally recommended intake levels. However, the adequacy of zinc intake varied with different reference values. Adults were more likely to meet the D-A-CH reference values and those from the European Food Safety Authority than the recommendations of the International Zinc Nutrition Consultative Group (IZiNCG) and the Institute of Medicine, whereas children met the IZiNCG values best. Zinc status correlated weakly with AP activity (r = –0.298, p < 0.001) and some antioxidant status markers (CAT, MDA, GSH-PX, SOD), especially in the elderly (MDA: r = –0.527, p < 0.001, and SOD: r = –0.466, p = 0.002). Our results suggest a suboptimal zinc supply in Austria particularly among schoolchildren and older adults.

Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Risk in Obese Women and their Relationship with Zinc Status

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 734-742
Author(s):  
Juliana S. Severo ◽  
Jennifer B.S. Morais ◽  
Jessica B. Beserra ◽  
Kyria J. Clímaco Cruz ◽  
Ana R.S. de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Waist Hip Ratio ◽  
Zinc Concentrations

Background: Excessive adipose tissue, in the case of common obesity, has been associated with an endocrine-metabolic alteration that contributes to a manifestation of dyslipidemia. To identify mechanisms which are involved in disorders of lipid metabolism, several nutrients have been studied, especially zinc, which act by regulating transcription factors that are important for synthesis and oxidation of lipids and act as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant nutrient. Thus, the study makes an assessment of the zinc status and biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in obese women. Methods: A case-control study enrolling obese (body mass index (BMI) ≥35 kg/m²) and eutrophic (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m²) Brazilian women was conducted. Dietary zinc intake was assessed by the three-day food registry. Plasma, erythrocyte and urinary zinc concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Cardiovascular risk was assessed by plasma concentrations of lipid fractions, and by anthropometric measures. Results: Both groups showed a dietary zinc intake above the recommendations, with no statistical difference between them (p >0.05). Mean plasma and erythrocyte zinc concentrations were significantly reduced in obese women, compared to the control group (p <0.05). Urinary zinc excretion was significantly higher in obese women (p <0.05), who also had a significantly higher cardiovascular risk when compared to the control group (p <0.05). An inverse correlation between dietary zinc intake and waist-hip ratio was found in obese women. Conclusion: Obese women presented zinc redistribution characterized by reduced concentrations in plasma and erythrocytes, dietary zinc intake above the recommended, and increased zinc excretion in the urine. This study shows dyshomeostasis of zinc in obesity, a possible role in adiposity control and, consequently, its protective role against cardiovascular risk, due to its influence on risk biomarkers, such as waist-hip ratio.

scholarly journals Zinc as a risk factor for myopia: Can we accurately assess status?

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niamh Burke ◽  
John S. Butler ◽  
Ian Flitcroft ◽  
James Loughman
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
National Health ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The World

AbstractMyopia is one of the leading causes of preventable blindness in the world. Its prevalence has risen drastically over recent decades, and it is estimated that close to half the world population will be myopic by 2050.The rise in myopia is lifestyle related. Myopia occurs as a consequence of excessive eye growth, which may be related to general growth. Diet, therefore, is a potential risk factor. A number of Asian studies have reported lower levels of zinc in myopic adolescents, when compared to controls. Currently, there are no reliable indicators of zinc status. This study explores the association between zinc status and myopia using a combination of zinc assessment methods.Participants from two different population-based studies were used. Data from 1,095 adolescents aged 12–19 years, from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Study were used to examine the relationship between dietary zinc intake and myopia. Data from 304 subjects of similar age from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Study were used to examine the association between serum zinc levels and myopia using multivariate logistic regression.43% (NHANES) and 84% (KNHANES) of subjects were found to be myopic. Mean dietary intake of zinc was lower among myopes relative to non-myopes, but not significantly. In multivariate logistic regression, dietary zinc was not significantly associated with myopia. Among Korean subjects mean serum zinc was found to be higher in non-myopes v. myopes (p = 0.809). Multiple logistic regression did not show any significant relationship between serum zinc and myopia, after adjustment for confounders.In contrast to previous studies, no relationship was found between lower dietary zinc intake or lower serum zinc, and myopia. Currently the BOND Zinc Expert Panel recommend plasma zinc concentration to assess zinc status, despite its extreme sensitivity to both internal and external factors like; inflammation, fasting, pregnancy, oral contraception and diurnal rhythm. Biological samples are very easily contaminated, meaning strict quality controls and procedures are required. These factors severely impact reliability, and thus, comparison between studies is challenging, particularly in the case of contrasting findings.As zinc is a vital micronutrient and an estimated one-third of the population are affected by zinc deficiency. A reliable biomarker of status is important, for clinical and research needs.

scholarly journals Association between Maternal Zinc Status, Dietary Zinc Intake and Pregnancy Complications: A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Wilson ◽  
Jessica Grieger ◽  
Tina Bianco-Miotto ◽  
Claire Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Zinc Intake

Bioavailability of zinc derived from beer and the effect of low dietary zinc intake on skeletal muscle zinc concentration

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R. Brown ◽  
Peter J. Bechtel ◽  
Richard M. Forbes ◽  
Raymond S. Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Zinc Intake
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