Orbitronics: Mechanism of Orbital Current Generation and Dynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Dongwook GO ◽  
Hyun-Woo LEE
Keyword(s):  
Hall Effect ◽  
Crystal Field ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Spin Hall Effect ◽  
Current Generation ◽  
Orbital Degree

The orbital degree of freedom is often considered to be quenched in solids due to the potential of the crystal field. In contrast to such expectation, we showed recently that the orbital current can be electrically generated despite orbital quenching in equilibrium, leading to a phenomenon called the orbital Hall effect. In this article, we provide a pedagogical introduction to the concept of an orbital current in solids and the mechanism underlying the orbital Hall effect. We also discuss the relation between the orbital Hall effect and the spin Hall effect, as well as a way to utilize the orbital current in spin-orbitronic devices.

scholarly journals Spin current generation in organic antiferromagnets

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Naka ◽  
Satoru Hayami ◽  
Hiroaki Kusunose ◽  
Yuki Yanagi ◽  
Yukitoshi Motome ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hall Effect ◽  
Spin Current ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Spin Hall Effect ◽  
Orbit Coupling ◽  
Spin Orbit Coupling ◽  
Spin Orbit ◽  
Current Generation ◽  
Heavy Atoms ◽  
A Charge

Abstract Spin current–a flow of electron spins without a charge current–is an ideal information carrier free from Joule heating for electronic devices. The celebrated spin Hall effect, which arises from the relativistic spin-orbit coupling, enables us to generate and detect spin currents in inorganic materials and semiconductors, taking advantage of their constituent heavy atoms. In contrast, organic materials consisting of molecules with light elements have been believed to be unsuited for spin current generation. Here we show that a class of organic antiferromagnets with checker-plate type molecular arrangements can serve as a spin current generator by applying a thermal gradient or an electric field, even with vanishing spin-orbit coupling. Our findings provide another route to create a spin current distinct from the conventional spin Hall effect and open a new field of spintronics based on organic magnets having advantages of small spin scattering and long lifetime.

scholarly journals Large spin current generation by the spin Hall effect in mixed crystalline phase Ta thin films

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akash Kumar ◽  
Rajni Bansal ◽  
Sujeet Chaudhary ◽  
Pranaba Kishor Muduli
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Hall Effect ◽  
Crystalline Phase ◽  
Spin Current ◽  
Spin Hall Effect ◽  
Current Generation ◽  
Large Spin

scholarly journals Erratum: Giant photonic spin Hall effect near the Dirac points [Phys. Rev. A 101 , 023826 (2020)]

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhao Xu ◽  
Qiang Yang ◽  
Guangzhou Ye ◽  
Weijie Wu ◽  
Wenshuai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hall Effect ◽  
Spin Hall Effect

scholarly journals Spin Hall effect generated by fluctuating vortices in type-II superconductors

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Taira ◽  
Yusuke Kato ◽  
Masanori Ichioka ◽  
Hiroto Adachi
Keyword(s):  
Hall Effect ◽  
Spin Hall Effect ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Type Ii Superconductors

scholarly journals Tunable multichannel Photonic spin Hall effect in metal-dielectric-metal waveguide

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ming Zhao ◽  
Yun-Song Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Hall Effect ◽  
Polar Angle ◽  
Spin Hall Effect ◽  
Dipole Source ◽  
Interference Theory ◽  
Wave Interference ◽  
Metal Waveguide ◽  
Component Wave ◽  
Plasmon Polaritons ◽  
Important Progress

AbstractThe discovery of Photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE) on surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) is an important progress in photonics. In this paper, a method of realizing multi-channel PSHE in two-dimensional metal-air-metal waveguide is proposed. By modulating the phase difference $$\phi$$ ϕ and polar angle $$\theta$$ θ of the dipole source, the SPP can propagate along a specific channel. We further prove that PSHE results from the component wave interference theory. We believe that our findings will rich the application of SPPs in optical devices.

scholarly journals Design and Calibration of a Hall Effect System for Measurement of Six-Degree-of-Freedom Motion within a Stacked Column

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3740
Author(s):  
Olafur Oddbjornsson ◽  
Panos Kloukinas ◽  
Tansu Gokce ◽  
Kate Bourne ◽  
Tony Horseman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hall Effect ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Reactor Core ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Life Extension ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Seismic Safety ◽  
Six Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Six Degree Of Freedom

This paper presents the design, development and evaluation of a unique non-contact instrumentation system that can accurately measure the interface displacement between two rigid components in six degrees of freedom. The system was developed to allow measurement of the relative displacements between interfaces within a stacked column of brick-like components, with an accuracy of 0.05 mm and 0.1 degrees. The columns comprised up to 14 components, with each component being a scale model of a graphite brick within an Advanced Gas-cooled Reactor core. A set of 585 of these columns makes up the Multi Layer Array, which was designed to investigate the response of the reactor core to seismic inputs, with excitation levels up to 1 g from 0 to 100 Hz. The nature of the application required a compact and robust design capable of accurately recording fully coupled motion in all six degrees of freedom during dynamic testing. The novel design implemented 12 Hall effect sensors with a calibration procedure based on system identification techniques. The measurement uncertainty was ±0.050 mm for displacement and ±0.052 degrees for rotation, and the system can tolerate loss of data from two sensors with the uncertainly increasing to only 0.061 mm in translation and 0.088 degrees in rotation. The system has been deployed in a research programme that has enabled EDF to present seismic safety cases to the Office for Nuclear Regulation, resulting in life extension approvals for several reactors. The measurement system developed could be readily applied to other situations where the imposed level of stress at the interface causes negligible material strain, and accurate non-contact six-degree-of-freedom interface measurement is required.

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