scholarly journals Impulsive Ecological Control Of A Stage-Structured Pest Management System

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guirong Jiang ◽  
◽  
Qishao Lu ◽  
Linping Peng ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Ecological Control

scholarly journals Formulation of Entomopathogenic Nematodes for the Control of Key Pests of Grapevine: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Nxitywa ◽  
A.P. Malan
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Chemical Residues

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are insect parasites that are used successfully as biological controlagents against key pest insects of grapevine. To achieve low chemical residues and the sustainableproduction of grapes, it is important that biological control agents such as entomopathogenic nematodesfor the control of grapevine insect pests be incorporated in an integrated pest management system forgrape production. However, the commercialisation and large-scale use of EPNs is limited by their shortshelf life in formulations and in storage, thus leading to poor quality and reduced efficacy against insectsin the field. In South Africa, interest in the use of EPNs within an integrated pest management system hasgrown over the past two decades, therefore developing a formulation technique with an acceptable storagesurvival period, while maintaining infectivity, is essential. Moreover, the successful control of insects usingEPNs is only achievable when the formulated product reaches the end user in good condition. This reviewis focused on the different types of formulations required for storage and ease of transport, together withthe application formulation for above-ground pests and the factors affecting them. The quality assessment,storage and handling of formulated EPNs are also discussed.

Evaluating an insect pest management system in an irrigated rice environment

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
D. Dakouo ◽  
S. Nacro ◽  
R. Post ◽  
Y. Traoré ◽  
S. Nokoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Insect Damage ◽  
Insect Pest Management ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Considerable Advantage ◽  
Application Methods

AbstractThe efficiency and profitability of an integrated pest management system consisting of a phytosanitary survey and threshold interventions (based on levels of insect damage) was tested at the Vallée du Kou irrigated rice scheme in Burkina Faso, for two consecutive crop seasons in 1987. There was a considerable advantage in cost, number of insecticidal applications and yield of a threshold intervention-based system over arbitrary or routine insecticidal application methods. The proposed method is considered to be environmentally friendly.

Predatory mites of the Phytoseiidae family in integrated and ecological pest management systems in orchards in Slovakia

Biologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ján Praslička ◽  
Andrea Barteková ◽  
Janka Schlarmannová ◽  
Radovan Malina
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
Typhlodromus Pyri ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Amblyseius Andersoni ◽  
Phytoseiulus Macropilis ◽  
The Family

AbstractDuring 2005–2007, 1,332 individuals of predatory mites were found in integrated and ecological orchards in Slovakia. Seven predatory mite species of the family Phytoseiidae, namely Phytoseius echinus, Phytoseiulus macropilis, Euseius finlandicus, Typhlodromus pyri, Paraseiulus triporus, Amblyseius andersoni and Neoseiulella tiliarum, were identified. Out of 1,332 individuals, 519 (39.0%) were found in the apple orchards and 813 (61.0%) in the pear orchards. Out of all predatory mite individuals, 460 (34.5%) were found in the integrated pest management system (IPM) and 872 (65.5%) in the ecological pest management system (EPM). In apple orchards, P. echinus was dominant and constituted 49.3% of the detected mites. In pear orchards, E. finlandicus was dominant and constituted 48.7% of the detected mites. Typhlodromus pyri was also abundant, especially in pear orchards. The other species were less abundant.

Comparison of alternative pest and soil management strategies for Maine potato production systems

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 146-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.R. Gallandt ◽  
E.B. Mallory ◽  
A.R. Alford ◽  
F.A. Drummond ◽  
E. Groden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Management System ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Input System ◽  
Conventional Systems ◽  
Pest Management Systems ◽  
Amended Soil

AbstractPotato acreage and total production in Maine have declined steadily since the 1960s. In 1991, a University of Maine research team established a large-scale, long-term, comparative study of three factors that form the foundation of productive potato cropping systems: soil management, pest management, and variety choice. This study, the Potato Ecosystem Project, included 96 main plots (5.8 ha total) and near-by “component studies.” The project contrasted amended vs. unamended soil management strategies; conventional vs. reduced-input vs. bio-intensive pest management strategies; and disease and stress susceptible vs. tolerant potato varieties. Given recent concerns over resistance to pesticides and increasing costs of agricultural chemical inputs, the reduced-input and bio-intensive pest management systems provided encouraging results. Weed growth was similar in the conventional and reduced-input systems. Colorado potato beetle thresholds were exceeded less often and their densities were lower in the bio-intensive system than in the reduced-input and conventional systems. Lady beetles, which are major aphid predators, were more abundant in the bio-intensive pest management system compared with the reduced-input and conventional systems in 5 of the 6 years. Tuber yield and quality were maintained at a high level in the reduced-input system, although difficulties with plant disease, nutrient and weed management contributed to significantly lower yields in the bio-intensive pest management system. Economic analysis indicated that from 1993 to 1996, the reduced-input system had a greater return over variable cost (avg. $973 ha-1) than the conventional (avg. $890ha-1) and bio-intensive pest management systems (avg. $578ha-1). The amended soil management system achieved rapid improvements in soil quality: soil organic matter, water stable aggregates, potassium, and soluble inorganic phosphorus contents increased while requirements for synthetic fertilizers were reduced. These improvements in soil quality enhanced late-season crop vigor, canopy duration and tuber quality, and increased yields by 13% and 30% over the unamended system in 1994 and 1995, respectively, but not in 1996. Improved crop vigor in the amended soil management system also benefited weed control efforts by encouraging a more weed-suppressive potato crop. In the biointensive pest management system, in which weeds were controlled mechanically, the amended soil management system had less weed biomass than the unamended soil management system in 1994 and 1995. Conversely, the amended soil management system consistently increased flea beetle populations and, in one of two years, the incidence of Rhizoctonia. The choice of potato variety also affected pest dynamics. Total aphid density (all aphid species considered together) and almost all disease ratings were higher on ‘Superior’ than ‘Atlantic’ potato.

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