scholarly journals Morphological Characteristics and Mating Populations of Fusarium Species in Gibberella fujikuroi Species Complex (Gfsc) Associated with Stalk Rot Disease of Maize in Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Darnetty . ◽  
Baharuddin Salleh
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi ◽  
Stalk Rot ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi Species Complex

scholarly journals Toxigenicity of Fusarium Species in Gibberella fujikuroi Species Complex (GFSC) Associated With Stalk and Ear Rot Disease of Corn

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Titi Darnetty ◽  
Baharuddin Salleh
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi Species Complex

Fusarium stalk and ear rot disease did not only cause significant losses of yield but also produced mycotoxins that are harmful to animals and human. This study was conducted to elucidate three major mycotoxins i.e. fumonisin B1 (FUMB1), moniliformin (MON), and beauvericin (BEA) produced by the Fusarium spp. isolated from corn showing typical stalk and ear rot symptoms in Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. Twenty selected strains of Fusarium species in Gibberella fujikuroi species complex i.e. F.verticillioides, F. proliferatum, F. subglutinans, and F. konzum were analyzed for production of the three mycotoxins by using an Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC).  All strains of F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum produced FUMB1 at high levelsand MON at low levels. Many strains of F. verticillioides (67%) and F. proliferatum (50%) did not produce BEA while the others produced BEA at low levels. Two strains of F. subglutinans did not produce FUMB1 but produced MON at low levels. One strain of F. subglutinans produced BEA and the other one did not produce the toxin.  Two strains of F. konzum produced both MON and BEA at low levels but only one strain produced FUMB1 at a low level. These mycotoxins have not been reported from Fusarium spp. in Gibberella fujikuroi species complex isolated form stalk and ear rot diseases of corn in these areas. Therefore, concerted efforts must be made to educate all stake holders about the presence and health hazards of these mycotoxins.

scholarly journals Inoculation methods and aggressiveness of five Fusarium species against peach palm

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Miguel Jarek ◽  
Álvaro Figueredo dos Santos ◽  
Dauri José Tessmann ◽  
Elisa Serra Negra Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Fusarium Proliferatum ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi ◽  
Bactris Gasipaes ◽  
Inoculation Methods ◽  
Peach Palm ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi Species Complex ◽  
Ground Corn

ABSTRACT: Fusarium wilt is a major disease which affects peach palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth.var gasipaes Henderson). This study aimed to evaluate inoculation methods and aggressiveness of isolates of five Fusarium species on peach palm. Fusarium proliferatum can infect the leaves, stem, and roots of peach palm. F. proliferatum, F. oxysporum species complex (FOSC), F. verticillioides, F. solani species complex (FSSC), and Gibberella fujikuroi species complex (GFSC) are pathogenic to peach palm. The use of Fusarium-colonized ground corn for root inoculation was effective and reduced the level of damage to plants.

scholarly journals First Report of Fusarium temperatum Causing Seedling Blight and Stalk Rot on Maize in Spain

Plant Disease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (9) ◽  
pp. 1252-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Pintos Varela ◽  
O. Aguín Casal ◽  
M. Chaves Padin ◽  
V. Ferreiroa Martinez ◽  
M. J. Sainz Oses ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi ◽  
Seedling Blight ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
Wheat Grains ◽  
Stalk Rot

In Europe, several diseases of maize (Zea mays L.) including seedling blight and stalk rot are caused by different Fusarium species, mainly Fusarium graminearum, F. verticillioides, F. subglutinans, and F. proliferatum (3). In recent years, these Fusarium spp. have received significant attention not only because of their impact on yield and grain quality, but also for their association with mycotoxin contamination of maize kernels (1,4). From October 2011 to October 2012, surveys were conducted in a maize plantation located in Galicia (northwest Spain). In each sampling, 100 kernels and 10 maize stalks were collected from plants exhibiting symptoms of ear and stalk rot. Dried kernels and small stalk pieces (1 to 2 cm near the nodes) were placed onto potato dextrose agar medium and incubated in the dark for 7 days. Fungal colonies displaying morphological characteristics of Fusarium spp. (2) were subcultured as single conidia onto SNA (Spezieller Nahrstoffarmer agar) (2) and identified by morphological characteristics, as well as by DNA sequence analysis. A large number of Fusarium species (F. verticillioides, F. subglutinans, F. graminearum, and F. avenaceum) (1,2) were identified. These Fusarium species often cause ear and stalk rot on maize. In addition, a new species, F. temperatum, recently described in Belgium (3), was also identified. F. temperatum is within the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex and is morphologically and phylogenetically closely related to F. subglutinans (2,3). Similar to previous studies (3), our isolates were characterized based on the presence of white cottony mycelium, becoming pinkish white. Conidiophores were erect, branched, and terminating in 1 to 3 phialides. Microconidia were abundant, hyaline, 0 to 2 septa; ellipsoidal to oval, produced singly or in false heads, and on monophialides, intercalary phialides, and polyphialides. Microconidia were not produced in chains. No chlamydospores were observed (3). Macroconidia in carnation leaf agar medium (2) were hyaline, 3 to 6 septate, mostly 4, falcate, with a distinct foot-like basal cell (2,3). DNA was amplified with primers ITS1/ITS4 and EF1/EF2 (3). Partial sequences of gene EF-1α showed 100% homology with F. temperatum (3) (GenBank Accession Nos. HM067687 and HM067688). DNA sequences of EF-1α gene and ITS region obtained were deposited in GenBank (KC179824, KC179825, KC179826, and KC179827). Pathogenicity of one representative isolate was confirmed using a soil inoculation method adapted from Scauflaire et al., 2012 (4). F. temperatum isolate was cultured on sterile wheat grains. Colonized wheat grains (10 g) were mixed with sterilized sand in 10 cm diameter pots. Ten kernels per pot were surface disinfected in 2% sodium hypochlorite for 10 min, rinsed with sterilized water, drained (4), placed on the soil surface, and covered with a 2 cm layer of sterilized sand. Five pots were inoculated and five uninoculated controls were included. Pots were maintained at 22 to 24°C and 80% humidity for 30 days. Seedling malformations, chlorosis, shoot reduction, and stalk rot were observed on maize growing in inoculated soil and not from controls. F. temperatum was reisolated from the inoculated seedlings but not from the controls. References: (1) B. J. Bush et al. Phytopathology 94:88, 2003. (2) J. F. Leslie et al. The Fusarium Laboratory Manual, page 388. Blackwell Publishing, 2006. (3) J. Scauflaire et al. Mycologia 103:586, 2011. (4) J. Scauflaire et al. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 133:911, 2012.

scholarly journals Current Classification and Diversity of Fusarium Species Complex, the Causal Pathogen of Fusarium Wilt Disease of Banana in Malaysia

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1955
Author(s):  
Anysia Hedy Ujat ◽  
Ganesan Vadamalai ◽  
Yukako Hattori ◽  
Chiharu Nakashima ◽  
Clement Kiing Fook Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum Species Complex

The re-emergence of the Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium odoratissimum (F. odoratissimum) causes global banana production loss. Thirty-eight isolates of Fusarium species (Fusarium spp.) were examined for morphological characteristics on different media, showing the typical Fusarium spp. The phylogenetic trees of Fusarium isolates were generated using the sequences of histone gene (H3) and translation elongation factor gene (TEF-1α). Specific primers were used to confirm the presence of F. odoratissimum. The phylogenetic trees showed the rich diversity of the genus Fusarium related to Fusarium wilt, which consists of F. odoratissimum, Fusarium grosmichelii, Fusarium sacchari, and an unknown species of the Fusarium oxysporum species complex. By using Foc-TR4 specific primers, 27 isolates were confirmed as F. odoratissimum. A pathogenicity test was conducted for 30 days on five different local cultivars including, Musa acuminata (AAA, AA) and Musa paradisiaca (AAB, ABB). Although foliar symptoms showed different severity of those disease progression, vascular symptoms of the inoculated plantlet showed that infection was uniformly severe. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Fusarium oxysporum species complex related to Fusarium wilt of banana in Malaysia is rich in diversity, and F. odoratissimum has pathogenicity to local banana cultivars in Malaysia regardless of the genotype of the banana plants.

Molecular Systematics and Phylogeography of the Gibberella fujikuroi Species Complex

Mycologia ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry O'Donnell ◽  
Elizabeth Cigelnik ◽  
Helgard I. Nirenberg
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Systematics ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi Species Complex
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