The Optimum Protein Content in High-Energy Starter Diet for Chukar Partridge (Alectoris chukar chukar)

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 522-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasim Ozek .
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Alectoris Chukar ◽  
Chukar Partridge

Growth and food utilization of the Australian short-finned eel, Anguilla australis australis (Richardson) given paired iso-energetic diets with increasing crude protein content

2006 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Engin ◽  
C. G. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Anguilla Australis ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of 100 g/kg increments of crude protein (approx. 250 (P25) to 550 (P55) g/kg of crude protein) in paired iso-energetic diets on the growth performance of the juvenile Australian short-finned eel (1·83 (s.e. 0·01) g average wet weight). The highest growth response was obtained with treatment P45 followed by P35, P55 and P25. It appeared that food efficiency ratio (FER) increased with increasing crude protein content in low energy diets (treatments P25 and P35). However, 100 g/kg increase in dietary crude protein content (from 450 to 550 kg crude protein per kg diet) in high energy diets resulted in lower FER for treatment P55 than for the treatment P45. The protein efficiency ratio (PER, %) was higher in low protein:low energy diets (treatments P25 and P35) than that of high protein:high energy diets (treatments P45 and P55). The protein productive values (PPV, %) for treatments followed a similar trend to PER in this experiment. The lowest PPV was obtained by the treatment P55 and it was significantly different from that of the other three treatments. A proportional increase in dietary crude protein content in paired iso-energetic diets did not significantly change the whole body protein content. However, a small increase in whole body protein content with increasing dietary crude protein in each group was detected. In conclusion, the present study showed protein sparing effects of lipids and carbohydrates in the diets of the short-finned eel. Further studies specifically investigating the effects of dietary carbohydrate to lipid ratios at different protein levels would improve diet formulation and reduce nutrient impact in intensive recirculation systems.

scholarly journals Ontogeny of aerial righting and wing flapping in juvenile birds

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 20140497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Evangelista ◽  
Sharlene Cam ◽  
Tony Huynh ◽  
Igor Krivitskiy ◽  
Robert Dudley
Keyword(s):  
Force Production ◽  
Vertical Force ◽  
Alectoris Chukar ◽  
Avian Flight ◽  
Body Roll ◽  
Chukar Partridge

Mechanisms of aerial righting in juvenile chukar partridge ( Alectoris chukar ) were studied from hatching to 14 days-post-hatching (dph). Asymmetric movements of the wings were used from 1 to 8 dph to effect progressively more successful righting behaviour via body roll. Following 8 dph, wing motions transitioned to bilaterally symmetric flapping that yielded aerial righting via nose-down pitch, along with substantial increases in vertical force production during descent. Ontogenetically, the use of such wing motions to effect aerial righting precedes both symmetric flapping and a previously documented behaviour in chukar (i.e. wing-assisted incline running) hypothesized to be relevant to incipient flight evolution in birds. These findings highlight the importance of asymmetric wing activation and controlled aerial manoeuvres during bird development and are potentially relevant to understanding the origins of avian flight.

scholarly journals Nutritional value of breast and thigh muscle of chukar partridge (Alectoris chukar) under intensive fattening conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radovan Jůzl ◽  
Pavel Suchý ◽  
Eva Straková ◽  
Lucie Rusníková ◽  
Miroslav Macháček ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Alectoris Chukar ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Chukar Partridge

The aim of our study was to evaluate the nutritional value of the breast and thigh muscle of chukar partridge (Alectoris chukar) under intensive fattening conditions. Commercial feeding mixtures for broilers were used. Live weight of 60 partridges (birds were not sexed) was controlled during 90 days of fattening. After the fattening was finished, 30 birds were selected to monitor the carcass yield. Breast and thigh muscle were used for chemical analysis of crude protein (Kjeldahl method), total lipids (fat analyser ANKOMXT10), ash (Muffle furnace - 550° C) and gross energy (calorimetry). Average values ​​of live weight were increasing in the course of fattening; at the end of fattening the live weight reached 0.452 kg. The carcass yield, breast muscle yield and thigh yield were evaluated (73.72%, 18.09%, 20.80%, respectively). Chemical analysis showed a highly significant difference (P ≤ 0.01) between the breast and thigh muscle for crude protein, fat, ash and gross energy. The ash content demonstrated a significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) between the breast and thigh muscle. This study brings new data on the nutritional value of the meat of chukar partridge that can be used for reccomendation of a suitable feeding mixture.

The effect of inclusion rate of a 2:1 mixture of extruded whole rapeseed and peas in barley and wheat diets for pigs from 17 to 30 kg liveweight

1990 ◽  
Vol 1990 ◽  
pp. 144-144
Author(s):  
S M O'Dowd ◽  
V R Fowler ◽  
P R English ◽  
B P Gill ◽  
O MacPherson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Ratio ◽  
Heat Labile ◽  
Inclusion Rate ◽  
Feed Source

Since whole rapeseed is a high energy feed source but only moderate in protein content and value it is desirable to combine it with another feedstuff such as peas so that the combined product has an improved balance of amino acids and a more favourable protein to energy ratio. Extrusion is a useful method of processing a rape:pea mixture since this results in effective release of oil from the rape and its absorption by the pea. The heat generated by extrusion could also lead to the destruction of heat labile anti-nutritive factors in both rapeseed and peas.

scholarly journals Availability and Nutritional Content of High Energy and High Protein Milk for Malnourished Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 63-63
Author(s):  
Jitesh Patel ◽  
Melvin Holmes ◽  
Hannah Ensaff
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Large City ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Fortified Milk ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Discount Retailers

Abstract Objectives Malnutrition in older adults reduces quality of life and is increasing in prevalence in many countries. Fortified milk (milk powder added to whole milk), typically forms part of guidelines globally for adults at risk of malnutrition. Protein-enriched fresh milk (PEM) may be a simpler option as it is ready to use. This study aims to investigate the availability and nutritional content of fortified milk and PEM. Methods The 7 largest supermarket chains (by UK market share) were surveyed in-store and online in a large city over 2 weeks in December 2019. Two were discount retailers and 3 did not offer online shopping. For each chain, a large, mid-size and convenience store type were randomly selected, if present within the city. In total 15 stores were visited (5 large, 7 mid-size and 3 convenience). Price and nutritional information were recorded on a pro forma for all milk powders and PEMs in-store and online. The energy & protein content of a 200 ml portion of fortified milk (made as per guidelines with milk powders found) and cost/g of protein was considered and compared with PEM and standard whole milk. Results Six brands of skimmed milk powder (SMP), 1 brand of whole milk powder (WMP) and 3 brands of PEM were found. SMP was the most available (5 large & 5 mid-sized stores), followed by PEM (2 large and 1 mid-sized store), whilst WMP was only found online. The 3 convenience stores and 2 discount retailers did not stock any milk powders or PEM. Energy in 200 ml portions ranged from 90 – 224 kcals and protein from 8.0 – 14.2 g. Fortified milk made with SMP had the highest protein content (Mdn = 13.8 g, IQR = 13.5 – 14.2 g), double that of standard whole milk. Fortified milk made with WMP had the highest energy content (224 kcals) but less protein than fortified milk made with SMP (12.0 g). PEM had the lowest energy (Mdn = 96 kcals, IQR = 90 – 98 kcals) and lowest protein content (Mdn = 9.4 g, IQR = 8.0 – 10.0 g). Cost/g of protein was highest for fortified milk made with WMP (Mdn = 2.5p, IQR = 2.3 – 2.7p), followed by PEM (Mdn = 2.0p, IQR = 1.9 – 2.5p) and lowest for fortified milk made with SMP (Mdn = 1.8p, IQR = 1.8 – 2.2p). Conclusions Based on nutritional content, availability and price, the preferred option found was fortified milk made with SMP; enriched fresh milks did not compare favourably for any of these criteria. Convenience and discount stores had poor availability of the products surveyed. Funding Sources Self-funded.

In vitro and in vivo activity of cinnamaldehyde against Eimeria kofoidi in chukar partridge (Alectoris chukar)

2020 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 107978
Author(s):  
Reza Abbasi ◽  
Bahman Abdi-Hachesoo ◽  
Seyed Mostafa Razavi ◽  
Fatemeh Namazi ◽  
Saeed Nazifi
Keyword(s):  
Alectoris Chukar ◽  
Chukar Partridge

scholarly journals Coccidia of gallinaceous meat birds in Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-234
Author(s):  
Marcel Teixeira ◽  
Antônio Diego Brandão Melo ◽  
George Rego Albuquerque ◽  
Patrícia Tironi Rocha ◽  
Jomar Patrício Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Eimeria Species ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Coturnix Coturnix ◽  
Alectoris Chukar ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Commercial Farms ◽  
Chukar Partridge ◽  
Chukar Partridges ◽  
Endogenous Stages

Coccidiosis is a disease that limits the production and marketing of gallinaceous birds in North America, especially quails, pheasants and chukar partridges. Virtually no research has been conducted in South America on the causative agents of diseases among these birds, including coccidia. The aim of this work was to make first observations on Eimeria spp. in the chukar partridge Alectoris chukar and the grey quail Coturnix coturnix, which are reared for meat in Brazil. Fecal and tissue samples were collected from commercial farms and were examined for oocysts, gross and microscopic lesions or endogenous stages. From this examination, it was found that partridges raised in Brazil did not have any visible infection. However, grey quails presented mild infection and two Eimeria species that had previously been described in other birds were identified.

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