scholarly journals Determination of the amount of bioaccessible fumonisin B1 in different matrices after in vitro digestion

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Szabó-Fodor ◽  
C. Dall'Asta ◽  
C. Falavigna ◽  
M. Kachlek ◽  
Á. Szécsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Pre Treatment

Conventional analytical methods used for the analysis of fumonisin content in animal feeds fail to take into account the fumonisin content bound to the matrix, which is otherwise bioaccessible and can be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, underestimation of fumonisin content using routine analytical methods can affect animal experiments using cereals contaminated by fungi. In the present study, hidden fumonisin B1 was analysed in two cereal substrates (maize and wheat) which were inoculated with Fusarium verticillioides (MRC 826). The study compared a routine extraction procedure with an in vitro digestion sample pre-treatment. We found that all samples showed a higher content of fumonisin B1 after digestion, compared to the free fumonisin obtained only by extraction. The percentage of the hidden form was 38.6% (±18.5) in maize and 28.3% (±17.8) in wheat, expressed as the proportion of total fumonisin B1. These results indicate that the toxin exposure of the animals determined by the routine fumonisin analysis was underestimated, generally by 40%, as bioaccessibility was not taken into consideration. This is crucial in interpretation (and maybe in re-evaluation) of the results obtained from (other) animal experiments.

scholarly journals Fumonisins production potential of Fusarium verticillioides isolated from Serbian maize and wheat kernels

2017 ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Sasa Krstovic ◽  
Sandra Jaksic ◽  
Aleksandra Bocarov-Stancic ◽  
Slavica Stankovic ◽  
Snezana Jankovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Sample Extraction ◽  
Wheat Kernels ◽  
Yeast Extract Sucrose

The production of fumonisins by potentially toxigenic Fusarium verticillioides isolates originating from Serbian maize and wheat kernels was tested in vitro. A total of six F. verticillioides isolates were incubated on yeast extract sucrose medium (YESA) for 4 weeks at 25 ?C in the dark. Their toxin production potential was tested by applying a modified HPLC method for determination of fumonisins in cereals, since the TLC method gave no results. Analyses were performed on a HPLC-FLD system after sample extraction from YESA and extract cleanup on a SPE column. Although the isolates were tested for fumonisin B1, B2 and B3, only fumonisin B1 was detected. The results showed that all tested isolates had toxigenic potential for fumonisin B1 production. The average fumonisin B1 production of the isolates ranged from 7 to 289 ?g/kg, thus indicating a highly variable toxigenic potential among the isolates. Isolate 1282 expressed the highest toxigenic potential for fumonisin B1 production (289 ?g/kg), while isolate 2533/A showed a questionable potential for fumonisin production (7 ?g/kg).

Determination of 22 trace elements in high-purity copper including Se and Te by ETV-ICP OES using SF6, NF3, CF4and H2as chemical modifiers

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 642-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hassler ◽  
R. Matschat ◽  
S. Richter ◽  
P. Barth ◽  
A. K. Detcheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Chemical Modifiers ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Purity Copper

Experiments with SF6, NF3, CF4and H2as new modifier gases for the matrix studied were performed. Pre-treatment steps of sub-samples (e.g., roasting) can now be omitted; the scope of application was enlarged to Au and hydride forming elements (such as Se, Te).

Effect of enzyme immobilization and in vitro digestion on the immune-reactivity and sequence of IgE epitopes in egg white proteins

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 6632-6642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behzad Gazme ◽  
Karamatollah Rezaei ◽  
Chibuike C. Udenigwe
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Immobilization ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Immobilized Enzymes ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Immune Reactivity ◽  
Egg White Proteins

Immune-reactivity reduction of egg white proteins by free and immobilized enzymes and determination of degraded IgE epitopes.

scholarly journals In Vitro Fumonisin Biosynthesis and Genetic Structure of Fusarium verticillioides Strains from Five Mediterranean Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Beccari ◽  
Łukasz Stępień ◽  
Andrea Onofri ◽  
Veronica M. T. Lattanzio ◽  
Biancamaria Ciasca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Genetic Profile ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Intergenic Regions ◽  
Fumonisin B2 ◽  
High Level

Investigating the in vitro fumonisin biosynthesis and the genetic structure of Fusarium verticillioides populations can provide important insights into the relationships between strains originating from various world regions. In this study, 90 F. verticillioides strains isolated from maize in five Mediterranean countries (Italy, Spain, Tunisia, Egypt and Iran) were analyzed to investigate their ability to in vitro biosynthesize fumonisin B1, fumonisin B2 and fumonisin B3 and to characterize their genetic profile. In general, 80% of the analyzed strains were able to biosynthesize fumonisins (range 0.03–69.84 μg/g). Populations from Italy, Spain, Tunisia and Iran showed a similar percentage of fumonisin producing strains (>90%); conversely, the Egyptian population showed a lower level of producing strains (46%). Significant differences in fumonisin biosynthesis were detected among strains isolated in the same country and among strains isolated from different countries. A portion of the divergent FUM1 gene and of intergenic regions FUM6-FUM7 and FUM7-FUM8 were sequenced to evaluate strain diversity among populations. A high level of genetic uniformity inside the populations analyzed was detected. Apparently, neither geographical origin nor fumonisin production ability were correlated to the genetic diversity of the strain set. However, four strains from Egypt differed from the remaining strains.

Overview of the Chromatographic and Mass Spectrometry Analytical Methods for Determination of Lamivudine in Biological Fluids

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
Xuwang Chen ◽  
Fanlong Bu ◽  
Rong Li ◽  
Guiyan Yuan ◽  
Yanyan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
The United States ◽  
Therapeutic Drug

Background: Lamivudine was approved by Food and Drug Administration of the United States for the treatment of both HIV and HBV infection, which has been widely used as monotherapy or a component of combination therapy in clinics in many countries and nationalities. Methods: In this paper, the recent chromatographic and mass spectrometry analytical methods for the determination of lamivudine individually or combination with other drugs simultaneously were presented. These methods were widely applied in pharmacokinetics studies, bioequivalence studies, therapeutic drug monitoring studies, cell and animal experiments. Conclusion: The review paper might provide references for determining lamivudine in biological fluids, the intracorporal process of lamivudine, and the clinical practice by monitoring plasma concentration of lamivudine in the future.

scholarly journals High-throughput SPE-LC-MS/MS method for determination of indapamide in human serum

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Natalija Nakov ◽  
Kristina Mladenovska ◽  
Dimche Zafirov ◽  
Aleksandar Dimovski ◽  
Rumenka Petkovska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrospray Ionization ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Matrix Effect ◽  
Mixed Mode ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Positive Mode

Simple, automated SPE procedure combined with fast LC-MS/MS chromatographic separation resulted in obtaining high-throughput LC-MS/MS method for determination of indapamide in serum. The SPE procedure was performed on polymeric mixed-mode sorbent and the analytes were quantitated using electrospray ionization in positive mode. The recovery of indapamide and internal standard were 89.25- 90.36% and 79.10%, respectively. Experimentally it was confirmed that the matrix effect had a negligible effect of ionization efficiency. The validation data showed that the proposed method provides accurate and reproducible results in range of 0.50-50 ng/mL. In addition, a comparison was made between the method for determination of indapamide in serum and in blood (develop in our previously work) regarding the extraction procedure and matrix effect.

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