scholarly journals Understanding expectational coordination as a major intellectual challenge: The “eductive” guide line

2021 ◽  
Vol Vol. 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-484
Author(s):  
Roger Guesnerie
Keyword(s):  
Guide Line ◽  
Intellectual Challenge

Funding the Millennium Development Goals: A Challenge for Global Public Finance

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. ATKINSON
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Political Challenge ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Intellectual Challenge

The UN commitment to achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015 poses a major challenge. It is, first and foremost, a political challenge to wealthy countries, to provide the necessary transfer of resources, and to developing countries, to make effective use of these transfers. But it is also an intellectual challenge, to economists and other scientists, to better understand the processes by which the MDGs can be achieved. This article focuses on two aspects. On the substantive side, it examines how we can achieve increased funding for development, particularly via new methods of finance, such as global taxes. On the intellectual side, it describes how a new branch of economics is developing – global public finance – that can contribute to the analysis of new sources of funding for the MDGs and of the working of the global economy.

scholarly journals Detection method for auto guide vehicle’s walking deviation based on image thinning and Hough transform

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 252-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Cao ◽  
Daofan Liu ◽  
Xiaoyu Ren
Keyword(s):  
Hough Transform ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Visual Navigation ◽  
Guide Line ◽  
Actual Environment ◽  
Lane Line ◽  
Image Thinning ◽  
High Level ◽  
Refinement Algorithm

Auto guide vehicle’s position deviation always appears in its walking process. Current edge approaches applied in the visual navigation field are difficult to meet the high-level requirements of complex environment in factories since they are easy to be affected by noise, which results in low measurement accuracy and unsteadiness. In order to avoid the defects of edge detection algorithm, an improved detection method based on image thinning and Hough transform is proposed to solve the problem of auto guide vehicle’s walking deviation. First, the image of lane line is preprocessed with gray processing, threshold segmentation, and mathematical morphology, and then, the refinement algorithm is employed to obtain the skeleton of the lane line, combined with Hough detection and line fitting, the equation of the guide line is generated, and finally, the value of auto guide vehicle’s walking deviation can be calculated. The experimental results show that the methodology we proposed can deal with non-ideal factors of the actual environment such as bright area, path breaks, and clutters on road, and extract the parameters of the guide line effectively, after which the value of auto guide vehicle’s walking deviation is obtained. This method is proved to be feasible for auto guide vehicle in indoor environment for visual navigation.

scholarly journals A Survey of the Non-clinical Benefits of EBVM

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Hauser ◽  
Elizabeth L Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Client Satisfaction ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Journal Clubs ◽  
Survey Participation ◽  
Clinical Benefits ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
Training Opportunities ◽  
Intellectual Challenge

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to add non-clinical benefits to the virtues for adopting Evidence-based Veterinary Medicine (EBVM). The objective is to quantify the commercial benefits of EBVM through an online survey of veterinary professionals, giving clear indications of the key areas of non-clinical benefits of EBVM. Further, the study aims to outline barriers to the wider implementation of EBVM and find preferred ways of overcoming those barriers.</p><p><strong>Background:</strong> A PICO-based literature review (Hauser and Jackson, 2016) found that while there are some papers suggesting a link between the practice of EBVM and better non-clinical benefits such as client satisfaction, a single study, focusing on the non-clinical benefits of EBVM, had yet to be conducted. This study builds on the findings of an exploratory study (Jackson and Hauser, 2017) outlining key areas of non-clinical benefits of EBVM: increased client satisfaction and retention, improved reputation, confidence, as well as employee engagement.</p><p><strong>Evidentiary value:</strong> This online survey of veterinary professionals (n=407) provides evidence for practitioners, universities and other veterinary staff regarding the non-clinical benefits of EBVM, the barriers to a wider adoption of the practice and ways of overcoming those barriers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The online survey of veterinary professionals was conducted during September – October 2016 and contained 23 questions. Survey participation was voluntary and the data used for analysis were de-identified.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The survey responses of 407 veterinary professionals provide quantitative evidence of how EBVM is put into practice, how EBVM is perceived to impact client behaviour and employee engagement, what the barriers are to practising EBVM and how these could be overcome. Key findings are that veterinary professionals are more likely to practise EBVM if they have been taught how to do so at vet school. EBVM is a way to provide value to and build trust with clients. Survey respondents who practise EBVM are more likely to find their workplace inspiring and to be an intellectual challenge and the main barriers to EBVM are: time and access to information. Respondents, especially those who were employees suggested overcoming these barriers through attending journal clubs and other training opportunities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study provides the view of veterinary professionals on the non-clinical benefits of EBVM, the barriers to wider implementation and ways of overcoming those barriers. Further research is needed to obtain the perspective of clients and more detailed cost effectiveness analyses could shed more light on specific practices of EBVM.</p><p><strong>Application:</strong> Findings are applicable to universities, veterinarians and vet nurses seeking to increase the practice of EBVM. The ultimate beneficiaries are those vets who seek additional non-clinical reasons for the adoption of EBVM in their practice.</p><br /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/pr-icon.jpg" alt="Peer Reviewed" />

scholarly journals Ethical Relation between Physicians and Pharmaceutical Industries in the Perspectives of Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Shahinul Alam ◽  
Nahiduz Saman ◽  
Monsur Hallaj Hallaj ◽  
Jahangir Ul Alam ◽  
Shoaib Momen Majumder
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Ethical Relation ◽  
Guide Line ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Scientific Meetings ◽  
The Right

Relation between physicians and pharmaceutical industry is required for the benefit of the patient. But it may turn into business and overthrow the patients’ benefit. The relation might be in question at present and in future. Several questions are flowing in Bangladesh. To solve these queries we have explored the situation in developed and developing countries. The physicians and associations of pharmaceutical industries developed several ethical guidelines in those countries. They have addressed the long lasting issues on gift provided to physician, cash back, sample, industry sponsored scientific meetings, research and hospitality. There are huge restrictions to ensure the right of the patient’s e.g. limitation of inexpensive gift by the pharmaceuticals, avoiding expensive medicine instead of equally effective low priced medicine. We are lacking behind to protect the patient right properly: regulation, adherence to existing guide line, lack of guidance from statutory bodies. The current scenario is far behind the right of patient. In Bangladesh it is not yet addressed either by professionals or by pharmaceutical associations. It is the immediate need to construct a guide line for physicians and pharmaceutical industry of Bangladesh.Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 2015 Vol.6 (1):1-5

scholarly journals Cuando un príncipe besa a una rana: ¡Sorpresa! Una propuesta didáctica desde la homosexualidad

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Antonio Jódar Sánchez ◽  
Rocío Domene Benito
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Picture Book ◽  
Role Play ◽  
The United States ◽  
Teaching Material ◽  
Social Convention ◽  
Future Tense ◽  
Consolidation Phase ◽  
Intellectual Challenge

Resumen: En esta propuesta didáctica, utilizamos el álbum ilustrado como herramienta para la enseñanza de contenido lingüístico, así como valores sociales y cívicos a un grupo de estudiantes de ELE de nivel A2. Utilizamos el álbum ilustrado El día de la rana roja que narra la historia de dos príncipes que se enamoran y adoptan a una niña huérfana. Estructuramos nuestra propuesta en cuatro fases (introducción, comprensión, consolidación, resignificación), de las cuáles las dos últimas son las dos que más desarrollamos. Planteamos una entrevista a la rana del cuento, un teatro con marionetas, y el dibujo del mapa del reino como actividades de introducción. En la fase de comprensión se sugieren actividades de léxico y gramática sencillas, tratando, por ejemplo, los tiempos de presente y futuro. En la fase de consolidación, el profesor tiene la opción de realizar el taller del adivinador de sueños o la puesta en escena de declaraciones de amor entre animales. Finalmente, para la fase de resignificación, se cuestiona por qué el rey y la reina cambian el vestido por unos pantalones al averiguar que su hijo se casará con un chico.Palabras clave: Homosexualidad, español como lengua extranjera, álbum ilustrado, El día de la rana roja. Abstract: This teaching material is based on the picture book El día de la rana roja, the story of a prince who marries another man and together adopt an orphan child. It is targeted to students of Spanish as a foreign language of any country, including the United States, with an A2 level. Picture books are useful tools to teach, not only language and grammar, but also civility and good manners in society. The proposal is divided into four phases (introduction, comprehension, consolidation, and intellectual challenge), the latter of which are explained in detail. For the introduction phase, we propose interviewing the frog in the story, having a puppet role play narrating the story, and drawing a map of the kingdom. For the comprehesion phase, we suggest grammar (present and future tense) activities and lexicon ones. For the consolidation phase, the teacher can choose between doing an activity with a mind reader or with declarations of love among animals. Finally, for the phase where their ideas are challenged, the focus is on the topic of clothing. The fact that the king and queen change the dress of the princess for a pair of trousers for the prince is challenged to show students that clothing is a mere social convention based on sex that can be questioned.Keywords: Homosexuality, Spanish as a foreign language, picture book, El día de la rana roja.

The Intellectual Challenge of Morphological Evolution: A Case for Variational Structuralism

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günter P. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Biology ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
Evolutionary Developmental Biology ◽  
Phenotypic Evolution ◽  
Developmental Variation ◽  
Core Idea ◽  
Intellectual Challenge

This chapter explores variational structuralism, whose core idea is that organisms and their parts play causal roles in shaping the patterns of phenotypic evolution. Drawing on the work of pioneers such as Ron Amundson, it discusses the conceptual incompatibilities between two styles of thinking in evolutionary biology: functionalism and structuralism. It proceeds by explaining the meaning of developmental types and structuralist concepts arising from macromolecular studies. It also examines facts and ideas about bodies, Rupert Riedl's theory of the “immitatory epigenotype,” and Neil Shubin and Pere Alberch's developmental interpretation of tetrapod limbs. Finally, it looks at the emergence of molecular structuralism and the enigma of developmental variation. The chapter argues that typology naturally emerged from the facts of evolutionary developmental biology and that it would be seriously problematic to try to avoid it.

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