scholarly journals Ultrasonographic features of liver, gallbladder, spleen, kidneys, and urinary bladder of rescued long-tailed macaques, Macacafascicularis

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1063-1069
Author(s):  
Paul CARDENIO ◽  
Jezie ACORDA ◽  
Emilia LASTICA-TERNURA
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Renal Cortex ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Kidney Volume ◽  
Thin Wall ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
The Right ◽  
Moderate Positive Correlation

This study was conducted to determine the ultrasonographic features of the liver, gallbladder, spleen, kidneys, and urinary bladder of 24 apparently healthy male and female long-tailed macaques (LTM) and the correlations of organ measurements with body weight and crown–rump length. The animals were grouped into 12 males and 12 females. Examination was performed in sedated LTM using an ultrasound machine with 6.0 MHz microconvex scanner. Ultrasound appearance, dimensions, and echotexture of the liver, gallbladder, kidneys, spleen, and urinary bladder were evaluated. The results showed that there were no sex-related differences in echo mean values, thickness, and length of the selected abdominal organs. The liver was hypoechoic to isoechoic with the right renal cortex, while spleen was isoechoic to hyperechoic to left renal cortex. Spleen was hypoechoic to isoechoic to the liver. Gallbladder and urinary bladder had hypoechoic to hyperechoic thin wall with anechoic lumen. There was a statistically significant and moderate positive correlation between the volume of the left kidney and body weight. The right kidney volume was greater than the left kidney and the total renal volume had a statistically significant and moderate positive correlation with body weight. This study established the reference values for ultrasonographic features of selected abdominal organs of rescued LTM.

scholarly journals Autotransplantacija slezine

2002 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Knezevic ◽  
D. Stefanovic ◽  
M. Petrovic ◽  
Z. Djordjevic ◽  
Slavko Matic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Splenic Rupture ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
The Other ◽  
Traumatic Rupture ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
The Right ◽  
Rupture Of The Spleen ◽  
Previous Disease

Auto transplantation of the spleen can be performed in the patients with traumatic rupture of the spleen, in whom spleen could not be conserved in the other way. The right indication for this method is isolated rupture of the spleen (concvasation or complete devascularisation). This method is not recommended in the endangered patients, patients with previous disease of the spleen as well as in the patients with the perforation of the other abdominal organs at the same time. Auto transplantation was performed in 12 patients with isolated splenic rupture and hematoperitoneum, 11 men and one woman. The majority of patients are younger. In 8 patients, autotransplantat was placed into big omentum, in three into lipomatous tissue surrounding left kidney, and in one into anterior abdominal wall. In all the patients from this group, following analysis were taken: MCV (middle volume of erythrocytes), HTC, Hb, Le, Glucose, urea, creatinin, sodium, potassium, alkali phosphatasis, target cells, Howell Jolly's bodies, Heinz's bodies, IgG, IgA, igM, C3, C4, T3, T4, T8, B, segmentated, eosinophiles, lymphocytes, reticulocytes, thrombocytes, fibrinogen, PT, APTT, aggregation of thrombocytes and aggregation of thrombocytes on collagen. The same parameters were taken in 12 patients with surgery similar to splenectomy and in 12 after splenectomy. After splenectomy, there was decrease of the immunologic defending abilities of the organism because of the loss of the clirens function of the spleen, decreased level of the opsonines and tutsin, which leads to the impaired phagocytosis, decreased concentration of IgM and T and B lymphocytes, while in patients after auto transplantation the results were physiological. The most important thing in the assessment of the function of the autotransplantated spleen is scintigraphic investigation using 99mTc-denaturated red blood cells. In our study, auto transplant function was assessed in 10/12 patients by scintigraphy. Five years after surgery no one patient was proved to have postsplenectomic sepsis.

scholarly journals Large diverticulum of the urinary bladder: A rare cause of deep vein thrombosis with consecutive pulmonary embolism

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Oliver Zimmermann ◽  
Jan Torzewski ◽  
Ekkehard Reichenbach-Klinke ◽  
Christine Zenk
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Progressive Dyspnea ◽  
Vena Femoralis ◽  
The Right ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Vena Femoralis Superficialis

A 73-year-old man was admitted with progressive dyspnea; he also had benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). An angio computed tomography scan showed pulmonary embolism with thrombi in both main pulmonary arteries. By duplex ultrasonography, we detected a thrombus in the right vena femoralis superficialis and vena femoralis communis. Simultaneously, we also noticed a large diverticulum on the right side of the urinary bladder and urinary stasis II of the left kidney. We consider the BPH as the trigger for a secondary diverticulum of the urinary bladder. As a result of its large dimensions, mechanical compression of the deep right pelvic veins resulted in thrombosis which finally caused the pulmonary embolism. With respect to the urinary stasis II, surgical excavation of the diverticulum with infravesical desobstruction was planned. The potentially lethal course of large diverticula may require surgery.

Extradural developmental dural root sleeve cyst presenting as a lumbar paraspinal mass with renal compression in an infant

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 586-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balaji Srinivas ◽  
Vivek Joseph ◽  
Geeta Chacko ◽  
Vedantam Rajshekhar
Keyword(s):  
Marked Reduction ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
Left Lower Limb ◽  
Extradural Cyst ◽  
The Right ◽  
Slow Growing

Spinal extradural cysts do not normally present as a visible paraspinal mass or cause compression of the abdominal organs. The authors describe the case of a 9-month-old boy with multiple spinal extradural cysts. The largest of these cysts was along the right L-2 nerve root with significant extraspinal extension resulting in a visible slow-growing swelling in the right paraspinal region and radiological evidence of compression of the right kidney with hydronephrosis. Another large cyst along the left T-12 root caused radiologically evident compression of the left kidney but to a lesser degree. The patient also had monoparesis of the left lower limb and phenotypic features of Noonan syndrome. The authors performed marsupialization of the cysts, as well as repair of the fistula between the subarachnoid space and the cyst on the right side along the L-2 root and on the left side along the T-12 root. At 1-year follow-up, there was no paraspinal mass and the lower limbs exhibited normal power. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed marked reduction in the size of the cysts and relief of the renal compression. To the authors' knowledge, their patient is the youngest reported in literature to have a spinal extradural cyst and also the first with the cyst presenting as a paraspinal mass.

scholarly journals A postmortem study on the volume of the human kidney

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Fatema Johora ◽  
Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽  
Dilruba Siddiqua ◽  
Hasna Hena ◽  
Shamim Ara
Keyword(s):  
Left Kidney ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Human Kidney ◽  
Kidney Volume ◽  
Kidney Size ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right

Context: Kidney volume is a sensitive index of kidney size for the detection of renal abnormalities. It is also excellent predictor of renal function and correlates very well with body indexes. The present study was done on cadaveric specimens to see the age related changes in the volume of the kidney in a Bangladeshi population and to compare with the previous local and foreign studies. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study was done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2008 to June 2009, based on collection of 140 post mortem human kidneys from 70 unclaimed dead bodies which were in the morgue under examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. All the samples were divided into three age groups including A (10-19 years), B (20-39 years) and C (40-59 years). The length, breadth and thickness of each kidney were measured by using a slide calipers and recorded. Then the volume was determined by using prolate ellipsoid formula i.e. length × breadth × thickness × 0.52. Results: The volume of the right and left kidneys were found 54.46±4.02 cm3 and 53.15±1.98 cm3 in group A, 78.31±10.41 cm3 and 75.90±8.32 cm3 in group B, 74.47±6.22 cm3 and 73.34±6.80 cm3 in group C. No statistically significant difference was found between the right and the left kidney in any group. However, statistically significant differences were evident between A & B and A & C (P<0.001). Conclusion: No difference was found in volume between the right and the left kidney in any group. However, kidney volume was found to increase with advancing age in apparently healthy Bangladeshi people. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v23i1.22698 J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 23, No.1, April, 2014, Page 73-77

Ultrasonographic examination of kidneys and urinary bladder of normal adult Spiti horses and Himalayan Hill mules of India

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uiase Bin Farooq ◽  
Adarsh Kumar ◽  
Shabir Ahmad ◽  
Rajni Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Lumbar Vertebra ◽  
Baseline Data ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasonography ◽  
Dynamic Parameters ◽  
Ultrasonographic Examination ◽  
The Right

The objective of this study was to develop baseline topographical data of landmarks for locating kidneys and urinary bladder and to generate sonographic calliper measurements along with dynamic parameters of these organs. Ultrasonography was performed on 50 native adult (Spiti horses and Himalayan hill mules) healthy unsedated equines of either sex. The thickness, character and echo-architecture of these organs were recorded. The right kidney was found from 15th (±1) intercostal space (ICS) extending upto first lumbar vertebra, both in horses as well as in mules. The height of right kidney varied from 112.7 to 118.3 mm (Mean± SE= 115.6±1.01 mm) and its thickness varied from 58.4 to 71.2 mm (Mean± SE= 64.3±2.37 mm). While in mules height of right kidney varied from 90.7 to 109.2 mm (Mean± SE= of 101.1±3.14 mm) and its thickness varied from 47.3 to 56.8 mm (Mean± SE= 52.3±1.57 mm). The left kidney in horses was found between 16th ICS to 2nd lumbar vertebra, while in mules it was found from 16th ICS to 3rd lumbar vertebra. The height of left kidney varied from 87 to 107.8 mm (Mean± SE= 99.0±3.67 mm) and its thickness varied from 49.5 to 53.8 mm (Mean± SE= 51.8±0.72 mm). In mules the height of left kidney varied from 85.5 to 111.4 mm (Mean± SE= 95.3±2.36 mm) and its thickness varied from 43.4 to 55.7 mm (Mean± SE= 50.6±2.53 mm). During transrectal ultrasonography urinary bladder was observed as an oval to round structure in the caudal ventral abdomen, the wall thickness of urinary bladder varied from 2.7 to 2.8 mm (Mean± SE= 2.74±0.02 mm), 2.4 to 2.7 mm (Mean± SE= 2.62±0.05 mm) in horses and mules respectively. Hence detailed ultrasonographic examination of these organs helped us to compile baseline data, which will be helpful in future in management of the affections of these organs.

scholarly journals Determination of Kidney Length and Volume by Ultrasound in 100 Term Bangladeshi Newborn

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Sultana ◽  
Shafiqur Rahman ◽  
Biplob Kumar Basak ◽  
Nilofar Shameem Afza ◽  
Md Nurul Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Kidney Volume ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Kidney Length

Objective: To determine the normal range of kidney length and volume in term Bangladeshi newborn. Methods: Hundred inborn, healthy, appropriate for gestational ages, term infants were prospectively examined by sonography within 72 hours of birth by a single senior sonologist. In 52 boys and 48 girls body weight (BW), supine length (SL), occipito frontal circumference(OFC) were collected from delivery room records, and body surface area (BSA) was calculated using the formula BSA=BW(kg)0.425 ×BL(cm)0.725 ×0.007184 and BMI=Weight(kg)/height(m)2. Scanning was performed with 6.5 MHZ transducer with child supine position. Maximum length of each kidney was determined. Volume of the kidney was determined by the inbuilt formula of software. Kidney length and volume were then correlated with gestational age, body weight, length, OFC, body mass index (BMI) and body surface area of infant. Results: There were no significant differences in mean kidney length and volume between right (39.22±4.32 mm, 9.79±2.80cc) and left (38.36±4.30 mm, 9.82±2.24cc) and kidneys in boys (right kidney 39.77±4.28mm, 10.30±2.69cc, left kidney38.62±3.68mm, 9.91±2.06cc) and girls (right kidney 38.63±4.32mm, 9.23±2.83cc left kidney 38.09±4.91mm, 9.73±2.43cc). Kidney length was correlated better with BMI (<0.001), BW (<0.01) and BSA. (<0.05). Kidney volume was also correlated with BW (<0.05), BMI (<0.05) and BSA (<0.05). No correlation found with length and OFC. Conclusion: The present study provides an important baseline data in term babies for kidney dimension in Bangladeshi neonate. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v36i1.13032 Bangladesh J Child Health 2012; Vol 36 (1): 26-29

scholarly journals Relationship between ultrasonographic kidney bipolar length and body weight in normal Nigerian Indigenous Dogs

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Haematological Profile ◽  
The Right ◽  
Age Range

Introduction: Ultrasonographic kidney bipolar length is considered the most important kidney dimension which can be used in the diagnosis of kidney diseases. The aim was to determine healthy Nigerian indigenous dogs with normal kidneys, evaluate variation between right and left kidney bipolar length and correlate between ultrasonographic kidney bipolar length and body weight in normal Nigerian Indigenous Dogs. Methods: One hundred and fifteen (115) apparently healthy Nigerian Indigenous Dogs owned by local hunters and households residing in Zaria, the weight and age range between 8 to 30 kg and 1 to 4.5 years respectively. Only dogs with normal serum biochemistry values (creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and total protein) were used for this study. Ultrasonographic kidney bipolar lengths were obtained on the sagittal plane by measuring the distance from the cranial to caudal poles of the kidneys. Results: Haematological profile and serum biochemistry of the dogs used were within normal limits and values. Left kidney bipolar length was statistically larger than the right kidney bipolar length. Correlation between ultrasonographic kidney bipolar length and body weight revealed a significant positive linear relationship as 0.33 and 0.50 in right and left kidneys respectively. Significance: The relationship between ultrasonographic kidney bipolar length and body weight can be a valuable parameter for the diagnosis of kidney disorders in Nigerian Indigenous Dogs.

Renal Parenchymal Volume in Children

1988 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Troell ◽  
U. Berg ◽  
B. Johansson ◽  
I. Wikstad
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Equal Size ◽  
The Right ◽  
Parenchymal Thickness ◽  
Renal Parenchymal Volume

Forty-three children with normal urograms and with kidneys of normal size regarding length, area and parenchymal thickness were examined using a water-delay computerized ultrasonographic equipment. Renal parenchymal volumes were calculated and related to body weight. The correlation coefficient was 0.92. The renal parenchymal volume of the left kidney was significantly larger than that of the right kidney (p<0.001). For practical purposes they should, however, be assumed to be of equal size, 2.0±0.3 cm3/kg body weight.

Characteristics of in vitro ammonia and glucose production by dog kidney cortex

1975 ◽  
Vol 228 (3) ◽  
pp. 934-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Cartier ◽  
P Belanger ◽  
G Lemieux
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cortex ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Kidney Cortex ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dog Kidney ◽  
Cortex Slices ◽  
The Right

Renal cortex slices from acidotic dogs incubated with L-glutamine 1 mM at pH 7.05 produced more ammonia and glucose than slices from nonacidotic animals but no significant difference could be demonstrated at pH 7.48. At a phosphate concentration of 20-30 mM in the medium, a 20-30% increase in ammonia and a 25-40% decrease in glucose production were observed. At L-glutamine concentrations from 0 to 8 mM, a curvilinear increase in both ammonia and glucose production was noted, the effect being greater in slices from acidotic animals. D-Glutamine had little effect on ammoniagenesis. Ammonia production (1 mM L-glutamine) in vitro was 50% lower in acidotic dogs than in vivo. Slices from the remnant left kidney (4-6 wk after right nephrectomy) did not behave differently during acidosis than those from the right kidney with regard to ammonia or glucose production. In vitro ammonia and glucose production was higher in the rat than in the dog in acidotic and nonacidotic conditions when comparable concentrations of L-glutamine substrate were used.

STUDY OF RADIATION CHARACTERISTICS THE RENAL FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES

2014 ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Van Chuong Nguyen ◽  
Thi Kim Anh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Right

Background: A Research glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 61 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with renal scanning 99mTc-DTPA glomerular filtration rate at the hospital 175. Objective: (1) To study characteristics of imaging of renal function. (2) Understanding the relationship between GFR with blood sugar, HbA1c, blood pressure and albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Descriptive, prospective, cross-sectional study. Clinical examination, Clinical tests and 99mTc-DTPA GFR gamma - camera renography for patients. Result: GFR of the study group was 75,4 ± 22,3 ml/phut/1,73m2, the left kidney was 35,0 ± 13,0 is lower than the right kidney and 39,8 ± 11,9; p <0,01. There is no correlation between GFR with blood glucose and HbA1c, the risk of reduced GFR in hypertensive group associated is OR = 6,5 with p<0,01; albuminuria (+) is OR = 4,2 with p <0,01; and disease duration > 10 years is OR = 3,5 with p <0.01. Conclusion: GFR of the left kidneys is lower than the right kidney; correlation decreased GFR associated with hypertension, albuminuria and disease duration. Keywords: GFR, diabetes, albuminuria

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