scholarly journals Aboveground-belowground interactions drive the relationship between plant diversity and ecosystem function

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e23688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nico Eisenhauer
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Ecosystem Function ◽  
Belowground Interactions ◽  
The Relationship

Soil fungal pathogens and the relationship between plant diversity and productivity

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Maron ◽  
Marilyn Marler ◽  
John N. Klironomos ◽  
Cory C. Cleveland
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Rare microbes from diverse Earth biomes dominate community activity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohan Sachdeva ◽  
Barbara J. Campbell ◽  
John F. Heidelberg
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Ecosystem Function ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Community Activity ◽  
Crucial Component ◽  
Tightly Coupled ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractMicrobes are the Earth’s most numerous organisms and are instrumental in driving major global biological and chemical processes. Microbial activity is a crucial component of all ecosystems, as microbes have the potential to control any major biochemical process. In recent years, considerable strides have been made in describing the community structure,i.e. diversity and abundance, of microbes from the Earth’s major biomes. In virtually all environments studied, a few highly abundant taxa dominate the structure of microbial communities. Still, microbial diversity is high and is concentrated in the less abundant, or rare, fractions of the community,i.e. the “long tail” of the abundance distribution. The relationship between microbial community structure and activity, specifically the role of rare microbes, and its connection to ecosystem function, is not fully understood. We analyzed 12.3 million metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequence assemblies and their genes from environmental, human, and engineered microbiomes, and show that microbial activity is dominated by rare microbes (96% of total activity) across all measured biomes. Further, rare microbial activity was comprised of traits that are fundamental to ecosystem and organismal health,e.g. biogeochemical cycling and infectious disease. The activity of rare microbes was also tightly coupled to temperature, revealing a link between basic biological processes,e.g. reaction rates, and community activity. Our study provides a broadly applicable and predictable paradigm that implicates rare microbes as the main microbial drivers of ecosystem function and organismal health.

scholarly journals Response of pollen diversity to the climate-driven altitudinal shift of vegetation in the Colombian Andes

2006 ◽  
Vol 362 (1478) ◽  
pp. 253-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengyu Weng ◽  
Henry Hooghiemstra ◽  
Joost F Duivenvoorden
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Fossil Pollen ◽  
Tropical Andes ◽  
Lower Altitude ◽  
The Past ◽  
Colombian Andes ◽  
Altitudinal Shift ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
The Relationship

Change in diversity of fossil pollen through time is used as a surrogate for biodiversity history. However, there have been few studies to explore the sensitivity of the measured pollen diversity to vegetation changes and the relationship between pollen diversity and plant diversity. This paper presents results of a study to assess the relationship between pollen diversity and relative abundance of pollen from different altitudinal vegetation belts (subandean forest, Andean forest, subparamo and grassparamo) in three records from the tropical Andes in Colombia. The results indicated that plant diversity in the vegetation declined with altitude and pollen diversity is positively correlated to the abundance of pollen from lower altitude vegetation belts and negatively correlated to that from the grassparamo. These results, therefore, suggest that pollen diversity coarsely reflects the diversity of the surrounding vegetation. Using this interpretation, we were able to predict changes in plant diversity over the past 430 000 years in the Colombian Andes. Results indicated that under warmer climatic conditions, more species-diverse vegetation of low elevation moved upslope to contribute more pollen diversity to the study sites, and under colder conditions, species-poor grassparamo moved downslope and observed pollen diversity was lower. This study concludes that fossil pollen diversity may provide an important proxy to reconstruct the temporal changes in plant diversity.

Plant species diversity, ecosystem function, and pasture Management—A perspective

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Sanderson ◽  
S. C. Goslee ◽  
K. J. Soder ◽  
R. H. Skinner ◽  
B. F. Tracy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Ecosystem Function ◽  
Plant Species Diversity ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Pasture Management ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Grazing Ecosystem

Grassland farmers face many challenges in pasture management including improving sustainability, reducing inputs of fertilizers and pesticides, and protecting soil resources. In this paper we provide our perspective on managing plant diversity within and among pastures as one tool to aid producers in meeting these challenges. Pasture ecosystems can be highly diverse, with a complex array of organisms contributing to ecosystem functioning. Within the broad range of plant and animal biodiversity in pastures, plant species diversity may be the most amenable to manipulation or management. Reported benefits of plant diversity in grasslands include: increased forage production, greater ecosystem stability in response to disturbance, and reduced invasion by exotic species such as weeds. Some view diversity as a sort of insurance policy where different species contribute in their own time or can take the place of species that fail from stress or mismanagement. Using mixtures of several forages in pastures, in some instances, can improve forage yield and reduce weed invasions. Pasture management for increased plant species diversity, however, is not simply mixing and planting as many forage species as possible. The kinds and amounts of different forage species along with their arrangement within and among pastures at the farm scale are critical features that must be considered. Tools must be developed to determine the appropriate species mixtures for varying soils, landscapes, climate and purposes to fulfill multiple functions for producers. Key words: Grazing ecosystem; forages; diversity; ecosystem function; ecosystem services

The effect of plateau pika(Ochotona curzoniae)disturbance on the relationship between plant diversity and soil nutrients of alpine meadow

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
王莹 WANG Ying ◽  
庞晓攀 PANG Xiaopan ◽  
肖玉 XIAO Yu ◽  
贾婷婷 JIA Tingting ◽  
王倩 Wang Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Alpine Meadow ◽  
Plateau Pika ◽  
Ochotona Curzoniae ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Indirect effects of global change accumulate to alter plant diversity but not ecosystem function in alpine tundra

2015 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily C. Farrer ◽  
Isabel W. Ashton ◽  
Marko J. Spasojevic ◽  
Shiyang Fu ◽  
David J. X. Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Ecosystem Function ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Alpine Tundra

The Relationship Between Plant Use and Plant Diversity in the Bolivian Andes, with Special Reference to Medicinal Plant Use

Human Ecology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 861-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evert Thomas ◽  
Ina Vandebroek ◽  
Paul Goetghebeur ◽  
Sabino Sanca ◽  
Susana Arrázola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Plant Use ◽  
Bolivian Andes ◽  
The Relationship

Exploring the relationship between canopy height and terrestrial plant diversity

Plant Ecology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 218 (7) ◽  
pp. 899-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Cazzolla Gatti ◽  
Arianna Di Paola ◽  
Antonio Bombelli ◽  
Sergio Noce ◽  
Riccardo Valentini
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Canopy Height ◽  
Terrestrial Plant ◽  
The Relationship
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