scholarly journals Characterization and perspectives on studies of subterranean invertebrate communities in Latin America

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamires Zepon ◽  
Maria Elina Bichuette
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Ecological Approach ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Latin America Countries ◽  
Brazilian Studies

Studies about subterranean fauna in Latin America were intensified in the last decades. Many research are species description, but other knowledge areas have been studied, such as subterranean invertebrates communities. This study aims to characterize studies about these communities in Latin America countries. We made a bibliographic survey of published papers in scientific journals and bulletins of speleology groups, and different aspects were verified, like localities (country), publish date, number of sampled caves, use of tests and statistical analyzes and sample effort. Of the 20 Latin America countries, we not found those studies for ten (10) of them (Bolivia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Haiti, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Dominican Republic, and Uruguay). We accessed a total of 164 published studies, of which the most was conducted in Brazil (69), followed by Mexico (52), Venezuela (17) and Cuba (11). In Brazil, most of studies was published in the last two decades (2000-2017), in Mexico in the 70’s, in Venezuela between 80’s and 2009 and in Cuba in 70’s and 90’s. Except for Brazil, where the most of studies explored the influence of biotic and abiotic factors in the communities, all countries published mainly faunistic inventories about only an unique cave or region. Thus, they do not present tests and statistical analysis and, sometimes, neither ecological discussion. Moreover, many publications do not have information about number of sample occasions and most of Brazilian studies did only one sample occasion. That makes it harder both the ecological approach that permits the verification of patterns that acts in the communities structuring and the comparison of data from different regions. Therefore, although the knowledge of subterranean invertebrates communities has increased, the Latin American has a huge potential to be explored in relation to areas with few or no studies, and to more consistent ecological studies.

scholarly journals Expanding Pertussis Epidemiology in 6 Latin America Countries through the Latin American Pertussis Project

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica A. Pinell-McNamara ◽  
Anna M. Acosta ◽  
Maria Cristina Pedreira ◽  
Ana F. Carvalho ◽  
Lucia Pawloski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Latin America Countries ◽  
Pertussis Epidemiology

scholarly journals P749 Epidemiological and clinical characterisation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Latin America and the Caribbean: The EPI-LATAM IBD study from the Pan American Crohn’s colitis organisation

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S599-S600 ◽  
Author(s):  
J K Yamamoto-Furusho ◽  
N N Parra-Holguín ◽  
E Grupo-Colombiano ◽  
F Bosques-Padilla ◽  
G Veitia-Velásquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Steroid Resistance ◽  
Extraintestinal Manifestations ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Latin American And Caribbean

Abstract Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is currently recognised as a global health problem, since its incidence and prevalence have increased significantly worldwide in recent years. Studies in Latin America are only limited to reporting incidence and prevalence, so our main objective is to report the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of IBD in Latin American and Caribbean countries. Methods This is a multicentre cohort study in which 8 Latin American and Caribbean countries were included: Colombia, Cuba, Mexico, Peru, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Uruguay and Venezuela during the period from August 2017 to October 2019. Two study groups were conducted by geographic region due to their ethnicity, Group 1) Caribbean: Cuba, Puerto Rico and Dominican Republic, Group 2) Latin America: Colombia, Mexico, Venezuela and Peru. Statistical analysis was performed with the statistical programme SPSS v.24. A value of p <0.05 was taken as significant. Results This study included a total of 4216 IBD patients from 8 countries. The CD was more frequent than UC in the following countries: Puerto Rico with 68.5%, Dominican Republic 56.3% and Peru with 53.1%, while in the rest of the countries the frequency of UC predominated, in Colombia by 79.2%, Venezuela in 78.4%, Cuba in 69.9% and Mexico in 75.8%. The Caribbean countries had a significantly higher frequency in the fistulising phenotype in CD with 65.1% (p = 0.0001), steroid dependence in 11.51% (pp = 0.002), steroid resistance in 28.5% (pp = 0.0001), thiopurine intolerance in 1.40% (p = 0.0002), extraintestinal manifestations in 55.91% (p = 0.0001), IBD surgeries in 32.10% (p = 0.0001) and family history of IBD reported a frequency of 15.60% (p = 0.0001). For Latin America, the frequency of pancolitis was more frequent in 48.21% (p = 0001) in patients with UC. The factors associated with the use of biological therapy were: fistulising phenotype in CD, steroid resistance, thiopurine intolerance, presence of extraintestinal manifestations and IBD-related surgeries. There is an increased frequency in the diagnosis of IBD in the last two decades (2000–2019), being 7.5 times for UC and 12.5 times for CD as show in Figure 1. Conclusion This is the first large and multicentre study in Latin America and the Caribbean which showed significant increase in the diagnosis of IBD in the last two decades as well as the differences in clinical and epidemiological characteristics between both regions.

The Development of Accion Democratica de Venezuela

1959 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Kantor
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Past History ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
The Other ◽  
Latin Americans ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

The election of Rómulo Betancourt as constitutional President of Venezuela for the 1959-1964 term marks a turning point in that country's political evolution and a high point in the tide of reform now sweeping Latin American toward stable constitutional government. The new president of Venezuela and the party he leads, Acción Democrática, represent the same type of reformist movement as those now flourishing in many other countries of Latin America. As a result, dictatorship in the spring of 1959 is confined to the Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, and Paraguay. The situation in Haiti is unclear, but in the other sixteen republics the governments are controlled by parties and leaders which are to a greater or lesser degree trying to get away from the past and seem to have the support of their populations in their efforts. This marks a great change from most of the past history of the Latin American Republics in which the population was ruled by dictatorial cliques dedicated to the preservation of a status quo which meant the perpetuation of poverty and backwardness for most of the Latin Americans.

Alienated and disaffected students: Exploring the civic capacity of ‘Outsiders’ in Latin America

2019 ◽  
pp. 174619791988687
Author(s):  
Xiaoxue Kuang ◽  
Kerry J Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Home Literacy ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Civic Capacity ◽  
Democratic Development ◽  
Civic Attitudes ◽  
Civic Values

The aim of the study is to explore alienated and disaffected students in Latin America and investigate the development of their civic attitudes. The study has focused on a context that is assuming growing importance globally and about which more needs to be known, especially in terms of its potential for democratic development. The focus is on students from Chile, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, and Mexico. Three distinct groups of students were identified labeled ‘Outsiders’, ‘Moderates’, and ‘Active Participators’. The ‘Outsiders’ had lowest scores on all civic values. Gender, parents’ political and social interest, students’ expected education level and home literacy were the four most important predictors for membership in the ‘Outsider’ group. Implications and future directions for research on Latin American ‘Outsiders’ are discussed.

Diagnostic and therapeutic status of haemophilia in Latin America

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Alberto Montaño ◽  
Maria Sol Cruz ◽  
Felipe Lemos ◽  
Alfredo Quiroz ◽  
Gerardo Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Immune Tolerance ◽  
Tolerance Induction ◽  
National Data ◽  
Immune Tolerance Induction ◽  
Bleeding Episodes ◽  
Provision Of Care ◽  
Latin America Countries

Abstract The Latin American net of Prophylaxis and Immune Tolerance (RED LAPI) was established in 2010 and comprises a group of physicians dedicated to improving the diagnosis, treatment and quality of life of haemophilia patients in Latin America. The countries represented at RED LAPI are: Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Honduras, Guatemala, Paraguay, Dominican Republic, Bolivia, Ecuador and Panama. Analysis of the provision of care for haemophilia patients suggests a lack of consistent care both across and within Latin America countries. While some patients receive prophylaxis and immune tolerance induction (ITI), others are not even properly diagnosed, due to variation in patient’s health insurance. Few countries in Latin America have a national program that registers all patients’ information. Therefore, in many countries it is difficult to identify local, regional and national data regarding the number of diagnosed patients, type of hemophilia, severity, and the kind of treatment. With respect to patients with inhibitors, some countries rely on bypass agents for the treatment of bleeding episodes while a few are able to do ITI. This paper summarises available data obtained by a survey of RED LAPI members regarding the diagnosis and treatment of haemophilia in their countries, as well as the incidence of inhibitors and the treatments available to patients. Based on this analysis, the aim is to propose plans to improve the current situation of haemophilia patients in Latin America.

scholarly journals The control of Latin American trypanosomiasis

1997 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 521-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
American Trypanosomiasis ◽  
Triatomine Bugs ◽  
Latin America Countries

The author presents his personal point of view on the present situation of Chagas' disease control in Latin America countries. He compares the situation with African trypanosomiasis. He comments on the existence of cases in other Continents. He emphazises the success of the fighting against domiciliated triatomine bugs by using residual inseticides. He discusses other forms of Trypanosoma cruzi transmission.

Accounting Systems' Classification in Latin America

2015 ◽  
pp. 32-55
Author(s):  
Raquel Wille Sarquis ◽  
Rudah Giasson Luccas
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Accounting Standard ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
Latin America Countries ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
The Way

This chapter aims to propose a classification based on accounting systems of five Latin American countries that have adopted IFRS. More specifically, we seek to identify which is the position of each country within this group of countries as a whole, providing empirical evidences of whether the accounting practices in Latin America countries are harmonized in the IFRS era, or not. Despite of international efforts around the convergence to IFRS, where companies would use the same accounting standard, reducing the differences in terms of accounting practices, there is empirical evidence of significant differences in the way that IFRS has been applied worldwide, resulting in “national versions of IFRS”. The results of this chapter provide empirical evidence that accounting practices in Latin America countries are harmonized, considering that the five countries analyzed have similar characteristics in terms of accounting systems.

Sport in Latin America

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Elsey
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Racial Diversity ◽  
South American ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Racial Hierarchies ◽  
Generally True

Sport forms existed in Latin American in the pre-Columbian period. European empires adopted and modified indigenous cultural activities while introducing new sports. Sport development was not homogenous as local conditions and specific colonial and commercial interests shaped sport’s growth. Despite these disparate patterns of development, it is generally true that the rise in nationalism facilitated the diffusion of sport in Latin America, as local associations formed in response to invitations sent by sportsmen from abroad-seeking competitors. Football enjoyed the most expansive growth in South American, while baseball grew in the Caribbean in Cuba and the Dominican Republic. Women’s access to sport has been a persistent issue in Latin America. The racial diversity of the region also has created an ongoing negotiation of racial hierarchies in sport. Sport in Latin American serves as an arena where participants perform citizenship and create understandings of civil rights.

Latin American Archivology, 1953–1954

1955 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roscoe R. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Great Problem ◽  
Cultural Centers ◽  
Outstanding Feature ◽  
New Buildings

This survey of Latin American archivology is for the year 1954, together with some information regarding 1953, which was not included in “Latin American Archivology, 1951–1953” (see below).The outstanding feature of this period is the attention which is being given throughout Latin America to the improvement of the housing of the archives, which has been a great problem for many years. During 1954 Ecuador and the Dominican Republic dedicated and occupied new buildings especially constructed for their archives, which embody all features necessary for adequate services. In Guatemala construction of a new building was continued. Projects and plans for appropriate buildings were considered in Haiti and Mexico. Extensive remodeling and improvements were effected in Brazil and Paraguay. These activities have served to place the archives in a much better position to carry on the tasks appropriate to these important cultural centers.Consideration was also given to equipping the new buildings as well as some of the old ones with photographic laboratories, including microfilm and photostat, and with equipment for lamination and binding. Some concrete results were accomplished in these matters, but mostly it was projects under consideration, awaiting funds for the execution.

Russian-Latin American Relations in the Northwestern Federal District of Russia as a Predictor for Successful Scientific, Educational, Cultural And Business Cooperation

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
И. Максимцев ◽  
I. Maksimcev ◽  
А. Кривоносов ◽  
A. Krivonosov ◽  
Л. Семенова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Federal District ◽  
State University ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Latin America Countries

In this article we consider the questions of the Russian-Latin American relations in Saint-Petersburg and the Northwestern Federal District of Russia in the scientific, educational, cultural and business field. We analyzed the work of the Scientific and Educational Center for cooperation with Latin America countries at the St. Petersburg State University of Economics in five years, what could show us positive dynamics in the Russian-Latin American relations. As a result of a research the thesis that the strengthened relations between Russia and Latin America in the Northwestern Federal District are a predictor for successful scientific, educational, cultural and business cooperation is confirmed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document