scholarly journals Interleukin-6 is important for regulation of core body temperature during long-term cold exposure in mice

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emil Egecioglu ◽  
Fredrik Anesten ◽  
Erik Sch�le ◽  
Vilborg Palsdottir
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Core Body

Infrared thermal imaging as a method to study thermogenesis in the neonatal lamb

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 1497 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. McCoard ◽  
H. V. Henderson ◽  
F. W. Knol ◽  
S. K. Dowling ◽  
J. R. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Infrared Thermal Imaging ◽  
Core Body

The combination of heat generation and reducing heat loss from the skin surface is important for maintaining core body temperature in a neonate. Thermogenesis studies traditionally focus on measurement of core body temperature but not the contribution of radiated heat loss at the skin surface. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of using thermal imaging to measure radiated heat loss in newborn lambs. Continuous thermal images of newborn lambs were captured for 30 min each during the baseline (11−18°C), cold-exposure (0°C) and recovery (11−18°C) periods by using an infrared camera. Core body temperature measured by rectal thermometer was also recorded at the end of each period. In all, 7 of the 10 lambs evaluated had reduced rectal temperatures (0.4−1°C) between the baseline and recovery periods, while three maintained body temperature despite cold exposure. During the baseline period, infrared heat loss was relatively stable, followed by a rapid decrease of 5°C within 5 min of cold exposure. Heat loss continued to decrease linearly in the cold-exposure period by a further 10°C, but increased rapidly to baseline levels during the recovery period. A temperature change of between 20°C and 35°C was observed during the study, which was likely to be due to changes in vasoconstriction in the skin to conserve heat. The present study has highlighted the sensitivity of infrared thermal imaging to estimate heat loss from the skin in the newborn lamb and shown that rapid changes in heat loss occur in response to cold exposure.

Thermochron iButtons: An Inexpensive Method for Long-Term Recording of Core Body Temperature in Untethered Animals

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 430-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alec J. Davidson ◽  
Fabienne Aujard ◽  
Brian London ◽  
Michael Menaker ◽  
Gene D. Block
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Inexpensive Method ◽  
Core Body

scholarly journals Long-Term Bed Rest Delays the Circadian Phase of Core Body Temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Mendt ◽  
Katharina Brauns ◽  
Anika Friedl-Werner ◽  
Daniel L. Belavy ◽  
Mathias Steinach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Phase Delay ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Core Body

Spaceflight can be associated with sleep loss and circadian misalignment as a result of non-24 h light-dark cycles, operational shifts in work/rest cycles, high workload under pressure, and psychological factors. Head-down tilt bed rest (HDBR) is an established model to mimic some of the physiological and psychological adaptions observed in spaceflight. Data on the effects of HDBR on circadian rhythms are scarce. To address this gap, we analyzed the change in the circadian rhythm of core body temperature (CBT) in two 60-day HDBR studies sponsored by the European Space Agency [n = 13 men, age: 31.1 ± 8.2 years (M ± SD)]. CBT was recorded for 36 h using a non-invasive and validated dual-sensor heatflux technology during the 3rd and the 8th week of HDBR. Bed rest induced a significant phase delay from the 3rd to the 8th week of HDBR (16.23 vs. 16.68 h, p = 0.005, g = 0.85) irrespective of the study site (p = 0.416, g = −0.46), corresponding to an average phase delay of about 0.9 min per day of HDBR. In conclusion, long-term bed rest weakens the entrainment of the circadian system to the 24-h day. We attribute this effect to the immobilization and reduced physical activity levels associated with HDBR. Given the critical role of diurnal rhythms for various physiological functions and behavior, our findings highlight the importance of monitoring circadian rhythms in circumstances in which gravity or physical activity levels are altered.

scholarly journals Thermal conditions experienced during differentiation affect metabolic and contractile phenotypes of mouse myotubes

2016 ◽  
Vol 311 (3) ◽  
pp. R457-R465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex G. Little ◽  
Frank Seebacher
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Metabolic Flux ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Glycolytic Flux ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Atp Production ◽  
Metabolic Role ◽  
Core Body

Central pathways regulate metabolic responses to cold in endotherms to maintain relatively stable internal core body temperatures. However, peripheral muscles routinely experience temperatures lower than core body temperature, so that it would be advantageous for peripheral tissues to respond to temperature changes independently from core body temperature regulation. Early developmental conditions can influence offspring phenotypes, and here we tested whether developing muscle can compensate locally for the effects of cold exposure independently from central regulation. Muscle myotubes originate from undifferentiated myoblasts that are laid down during embryogenesis. We show that in a murine myoblast cell line (C2C12), cold exposure (32°C) increased myoblast metabolic flux compared with 37°C control conditions. Importantly, myotubes that differentiated at 32°C compensated for the thermodynamic effects of low temperature by increasing metabolic rates, ATP production, and glycolytic flux. Myotube responses were also modulated by the temperatures experienced by “parent” myoblasts. Myotubes that differentiated under cold exposure increased activity of the AMP-stimulated protein kinase (AMPK), which may mediate metabolic changes in response cold exposure. Moreover, cold exposure shifted myosin heavy chains from slow to fast, presumably to overcome slower contractile speeds resulting from low temperatures. Adjusting thermal sensitivities locally in peripheral tissues complements central thermoregulation and permits animals to maintain function in cold environments. Muscle also plays a major metabolic role in adults, so that developmental responses to cold are likely to influence energy expenditure later in life.

Long-term measurement of body temperature in the southern hairy-nosed wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons)

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Descovich ◽  
S. Johnston ◽  
A. Lisle ◽  
V. Nicolson ◽  
T. Janssen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Burrow Use ◽  
Core Body ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

The southern hairy-nosed wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons) is a nocturnal, fossorial marsupial that has evolved a range of physiological and behavioural adaptations to its semiarid environment. This study describes long-term core body temperature (Tb) of L. latifrons in a population with opportunities for behavioural thermoregulation through burrow use. Tb was measured hourly in 12 captive L. latifrons using implanted dataloggers over a 9-month period from late winter to late autumn. Data were examined for daily patterns, seasonal changes, sex differences and the relationship with environmental conditions (ambient temperature, den temperature and relative humidity). Tb ranged from 30.9 to 38.8°C, and had a distinct nychthemeral rhythm, with peak temperatures occurring at night in line with nocturnal activity. Females had a higher mean Tb (34.9°C) than males (34.4°C). The relationship between external ambient temperature and body temperature was negative, with body temperature decreasing as ambient temperature increased. This study is an important step towards a comprehensive picture of thermoregulation in L. latifrons, which may become vulnerable in the future if environmental temperatures rise and water availability decreases.

scholarly journals Body Temperature Is Associated With Cognitive Performance in Older Adults With and Without Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Cross-sectional Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Eggenberger ◽  
Michael Bürgisser ◽  
René M. Rossi ◽  
Simon Annaheim
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Core Body ◽  
Temperature Amplitude

Wearable devices for remote and continuous health monitoring in older populations frequently include sensors for body temperature measurements (i.e., skin and core body temperatures). Healthy aging is associated with core body temperatures that are in the lower range of age-related normal values (36.3 ± 0.6°C, oral temperature), while patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) exhibit core body temperatures above normal values (up to 0.2°C). However, the relation of body temperature measures with neurocognitive health in older adults remains unknown. This study aimed to explore the association of body temperature with cognitive performance in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Eighty community-dwelling older adults (≥65 years) participated, of which 54 participants were cognitively healthy and 26 participants met the criteria for MCI. Skin temperatures at the rib cage and the scapula were measured in the laboratory (single-point measurement) and neuropsychological tests were conducted to assess general cognitive performance, episodic memory, verbal fluency, executive function, and processing speed. In a subgroup (n = 15, nine healthy, six MCI), skin and core body temperatures were measured continuously during 12 h of habitual daily activities (long-term measurement). Spearman’s partial correlation analyses, controlled for age, revealed that lower median body temperature and higher peak-to-peak body temperature amplitude was associated with better general cognitive performance and with better performance in specific domains of cognition; [e.g., rib median skin temperature (single-point) vs. processing speed: rs = 0.33, p = 0.002; rib median skin temperature (long-term) vs. executive function: rs = 0.56, p = 0.023; and peak-to-peak core body temperature amplitude (long-term) vs. episodic memory: rs = 0.51, p = 0.032]. Additionally, cognitively healthy older adults showed lower median body temperature and higher peak-to-peak body temperature amplitude compared to older adults with MCI (e.g., rib median skin temperature, single-point: p = 0.035, r = 0.20). We conclude that both skin and core body temperature measures are potential early biomarkers of cognitive decline and preclinical symptoms of MCI/AD. It may therefore be promising to integrate body temperature measures into multi-parameter systems for the remote and continuous monitoring of neurocognitive health in older adults.

scholarly journals Liver Derived FGF21 Maintains Core Body Temperature During Acute Cold Exposure

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalene Ameka ◽  
Kathleen R. Markan ◽  
Donald A. Morgan ◽  
Lucas D. BonDurant ◽  
Sharon O. Idiga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Acute Cold Exposure ◽  
Core Body

Interleukin-1 beta causes the increase in anterior hypothalamic interleukin-6 during LPS-induced fever in rats

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (6) ◽  
pp. R1845-R1848 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Klir ◽  
J. L. McClellan ◽  
M. J. Kluger
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Interleukin 1 Beta ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Core Body ◽  
The Brain

The purpose of this study was to determine, using push-pull perfusion, whether the central pyrogenic action of interleukin-6 (IL-6) during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced fever in rats is induced by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and to determine the source of the hypothalamic IL-6 (i.e., from the periphery or from the brain). Samples of cerebrospinal fluid were collected 60 min before and 60, 120, 180, and 240 min after the intraperitoneal injection of LPS or saline as a control. Immediately before the injection of LPS, anti-rat neutralizing IL-1 beta antibody (anti-IL-1 beta) or control immunoglobulin G antibody (IgG) was microinjected into the anterior hypothalamus (AH) of each rat. At the end of the last perfusion, blood was collected by cardiac puncture. Microinjection of anti-IL-1 beta into the AH caused a 58% reduction of LPS fever (measured by biotelemetry). AH microinjection of anti-IL-1 beta or IgG followed by intraperitoneal injection of saline did not result in significant change in core body temperature. AH injection of anti-IL-1 beta also resulted in a 97% reduction in AH IL-6 levels during LPS fever, with the average values of IL-6 for the four post-LPS time points being 113 +/- 50 U/ml for the rats injected with IgG and LPS and 3 +/- 2 U/ml for the rats injected with anti-IL-1 beta and LPS (P = 0.024).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Measurement of Core Body Temperature Using Graphene-Inked Infrared Thermopile Sensor

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 3315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Chaglla E. ◽  
Numan Celik ◽  
Wamadeva Balachandran
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Total Period ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Thermopile Sensor ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Core Body

Continuous and reliable measurements of core body temperature (CBT) are vital for studies on human thermoregulation. Because tympanic membrane directly reflects the temperature of the carotid artery, it is an accurate and non-invasive method to record CBT. However, commercial tympanic thermometers lack portability and continuous measurements. In this study, graphene inks were utilized to increase the accuracy of the temperature measurements from the ear by coating graphene platelets on the lens of an infrared thermopile sensor. The proposed ear-based device was designed by investigating ear canal geometry and developed with 3D printing technology using the Computer-Aided Design (CAD) Software, SolidWorks 2016. It employs an Arduino Pro Mini and a Bluetooth module. The proposed system runs with a 3.7 V, 850 mAh rechargeable lithium-polymer battery that allows long-term, continuous monitoring. Raw data are continuously and wirelessly plotted on a mobile phone app. The test was performed on 10 subjects under resting and exercising in a total period of 25 min. Achieved results were compared with the commercially available Braun Thermoscan, Original Thermopile, and Cosinuss One ear thermometers. It is also comprehended that such system will be useful in personalized medicine as wearable in-ear device with wireless connectivity.

Effects of intermittent cold exposure varying in intensity on core body temperature and resting heat production of beef cattle

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Bergen ◽  
A. D. Kennedy ◽  
R. J. Christopherson
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Temperature Rhythms ◽  
Core Body ◽  
Vaginal Temperature

Crossbred beef heifers (n = 18) fed at 1.3× maintenance were exposed to summer daytime temperatures (20 ± 0.2°C) for 8 h (08:00 until 16:00) and to control (22°C), moderate (–6°C) or cold (–15°C) environments for 16 h daily (16:00 until 08:00) for a minimum 21-d adaptation period to investigate the effects of in tensity of intermittent cold exposure on vaginal temperature and resting heat production. Resting heat production was measured at the end of the adaptation period. Vaginal temperature was continuously monitored throughout the experiment using radiotelemetry. Vaginal temperature increased immediately after the onset of cold exposure in both moderate and cold treatments, peaked after 3 h, and returned to pre-exposure levels by the time the 16-h treatment ended. In contrast, vaginal temperatures of control heifers peaked only after feeding at 08:30. Treatment did not affect daily maximum (P= 0.60), mean (P = 0.72) or minimum (P = 0.34) vaginal temperatures, but heifers in both cold-exposed treatments spent more time (P = 0.03) with vaginal temperatures exceeding the daily mean vaginal temperature than control heifers. Compared to control heifers, the variability of vaginal temperature increased 1.8- and 2.2-fold in the moderate and cold treatments, respectively (P = 0.04), and did not change with time (P = 0.98 ). Resting heat production did not increase following 21 d of exposure to moderate and cold conditions. Results of this study indicate that intermittent cold exposure influenced circadian body temperature rhythms without increasing resting heat production. Key words: Beef cattle, thermoregulation, vaginal temperature, heat production.

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