scholarly journals Latent Tuberculosis Infection - Diagnosis and Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biljana Ilievska-Poposka ◽  
Marija Metodieva ◽  
Maja Zakoska ◽  
Cveta Vragoterova ◽  
Dejan Trajkov
Keyword(s):  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Treatment Regimes ◽  
Rifampicin Treatment ◽  
Igra Test

INTRODUCTION: Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is defined as a state of persistent immune response to stimulation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens without evidence of clinically manifested active tuberculosis (TB). Diagnosis and treatment for LTBI are important for TB, especially in high-risk populations. Tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) are used to diagnose LTBI.AIM: The study aims to present the first results with IGRA test compared with TST in the screening of LTBI and the treatment results in the cases with LTBI in Macedonia.MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study 73 cases diagnosed and treated with LTBI in 2016 were included. For diagnosis of LTBI, we used TST RT -23 5T.U. and commercial IGRA test such as QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-IT).RESULTS: Out of 73 cases with LTBI, 61.64% were men, and 38.36% were women. Among all age groups, the most frequent were cases between 5 and 14 years old (54.79%). Among the evaluated risk groups for LTBI, the most frequent were children household contacts with pulmonary TB cases (61-83.65%), followed by people living with HIV (9-12.33%) and only 3 cases with other medical reasons. Positive TST had 34 cases (46.57%) and positive IGRA test 25 cases (34.25%). Regarding the treatment regimes, we use two regimes: 50 cases (68.44%) received 6 months daily regime with Isoniazid, and 23 cases (31.51%) received 3 months daily regime with Isoniazid and Rifampicin. Treatment outcomes showed that the most patients completed treatment regimes: 55 (75.34%) and only 10 (13.09%) interrupted the treatment.CONCLUSION: Despite the progress made in the last few years, several challenges remain to be addressed for better management of LTBI which will contribute to strength TB control in the country.

scholarly journals Systematic review of latent tuberculosis infection research to inform programmatic management in Ireland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James O’Connell ◽  
Eoghan de Barra ◽  
Samuel McConkey
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
World Health ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Ltbi Screening

AbstractThe World Health Organisation (WHO) End Tuberculosis (TB) Strategy and the WHO Framework Towards Tuberculosis Elimination in Low Incidence Countries state that latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) screening and treatment in selected high-risk groups is a priority action to eliminate TB. The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) advises that this should be done through high-quality programmatic management, which they describe as having six key components. The research aim was to systematically review the literature to identify what is known about the epidemiology of LTBI and the uptake and completion of LTBI screening and treatment in Ireland to inform the programmatic management of LTBI nationally. A systematic literature review was performed according to a review protocol and reported in adherence with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Twenty-eight studies were eligible for inclusion and described LTBI screening or treatment performed in one of five contexts, pre-biologic or other immunosuppression screening, people living with HIV, TB case contacts, other vulnerable populations, or healthcare workers. The risk of bias across studies with regard to prevalence of LTBI was generally high. One study reported a complete cascade of LTBI care from screening initiation to treatment completion. This systematic review has described what published research there is on the epidemiology and cascade of LTBI care in Ireland and identified knowledge gaps. A strategy for addressing these knowledge gaps has been proposed.

scholarly journals Latent tuberculosis infection in patients with rheumatic diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Anton ◽  
Felipe Dominguez Machado ◽  
Jorge Mario Ahumada Ramirez ◽  
Rafaela Manzoni Bernardi ◽  
Penélope Esther Palominos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Rheumatologic Diseases ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Necrosis Factor

ABSTRACT Most people infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) do not have any signs or disease symptoms, a condition known as latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). The introduction of biological agents, mainly tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors, for the treatment of immune-mediated diseases such as Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and other rheumatic diseases, increased the risk of reactivation of LTBI, leading to development of active TB. Thus, this review will approach the aspects related to LTBI in patients with rheumatologic diseases, especially those using iTNF drugs. For this purpose it will be considered the definition and prevalence of LTBI, mechanisms associated with diseases and medications in use, criteria for screening, diagnosis and treatment. Considering that reactivation of LTBI accounts for a large proportion of the incidence of active TB, adequate diagnosis and treatment are crucial, especially in high-risk groups such as patients with rheumatologic diseases.

Latent Tuberculosis Infection Diagnosis and Treatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Dominik Zenner ◽  
Heinke Kunst ◽  
Lynn Altass ◽  
Alberto Matteelli ◽  
Judith Bruchfeld
Keyword(s):  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Infection Diagnosis

Diagnosis and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Korea

2004 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae Sun Shim ◽  
Won Jung Koh ◽  
Jae Joon Yim ◽  
Woo Jin Lew
Keyword(s):  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment
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