scholarly journals Association between Nephrolithiasis, Hypertension and Obesity in Polycystic Kidney Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valbona Bajrami ◽  
Alma Idrizi ◽  
Enver Roshi ◽  
Myftar Barbullushi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Polycystic Kidney Disease ◽  
Autosomal Dominant ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Renal Stones ◽  
Polycystic Kidney ◽  
Metabolic Evaluation ◽  
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney

AIM: We aim to define the correlations between nephrolithiasis, hypertension, age and obesity in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) in Albania. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We included 100 patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney from 2011 to 2014. The patients underwent X-ray and renal ultrasonography. We performed the metabolic evaluation of blood and urine.RESULTS: The patients with renal stones had a higher level of mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared with patients without stones (155 ± 12 mmHg vs. 145 ± 8 mmHg, and 105 ± 0.9 mmHg vs. 92 ± 1.28 mmHg, respectively). Patients with renal stones were older (47 ± 15 vs. 38 ± 5 years), had a higher prevalence of obesity [body mass index (BMI): 28 ± 2.4 vs. 25.7 ± 0.6], had higher levels of total cholesterol level (220 ± 5 mg/dl vs. 203 ± 4 mg/dl) as well as triglyceride levels (160 ± 9 mg/dl vs. 126 ± 4 mg/dl), compared with no renal stone individuals. CONCLUSION: ADPKD patients with renal stones in our study had a higher mean level of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, BMI and cholesterol and triglycerides levels compared with individuals without renal stones.

scholarly journals An 11-Year-Old Child with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Who Presented with Nephrolithiasis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih Firinci ◽  
Alper Soylu ◽  
Belde Kasap Demir ◽  
Mehmet Turkmen ◽  
Salih Kavukcu
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Polycystic Kidney Disease ◽  
Autosomal Dominant ◽  
Renal Stones ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Polycystic Kidney ◽  
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney

Patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease become symptomatic and are diagnosed usually at adulthood. The rate of nephrolithiasis in these patients is 5–10 times the rate in the general population, and both anatomic and metabolic abnormalities play role in the formation of renal stones. However, nephrolithiasis is rare in childhood age group. In this paper, an 11-year-old child with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease presenting with nephrolithiasis is discussed.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease management

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Hwan Hwang ◽  
York Pei
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Polycystic Kidney Disease ◽  
Autosomal Dominant ◽  
Kidney Volume ◽  
Polycystic Kidney ◽  
Renal Disease Progression ◽  
Kidney Size ◽  
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney ◽  
Cyst Growth

Management of patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) currently comprises non-specific measures including promotion of healthy lifestyle, optimization of blood pressure control, and modification of cardiovascular risk factors. A high water intake of 3–4 L per day in patients with glomerular filtration rate greater than 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 may decrease the risk of kidney stones, but its potential benefit in reducing renal cyst growth is presently unproven. Maintenance of a target blood pressure of 130/80 mmHg is recommended by expert clinical guidelines though this is unlikely to slow cyst growth. It is unclear whether pharmacological blockade of the renin–angiotensin axis confers an extrarenal protective effect. Recognition of the variable clinical presentations of cyst infection, cyst haemorrhage, or nephrolithiasis is important for early diagnosis and optimal management of these complications. Most patients with ADPKD do well on dialysis and after transplantation. Nephrectomy may be needed to make space for a donor kidney, or if kidney size or infection is an issue after end-stage renal failure is reached. Recent advances in ADPKD have led to the identification of multiple potential therapeutic targets with more than 10 clinical trials completed or currently in progress. Given the promising results of the TEMPO trial, tolvaptan may well be the first disease-modifying drug to be approved for clinical use. Several other classes of drugs (e.g. somatostatin analogues, triptolide, metformin, and glucosylceramide synthase inhibitors) with good long-term safety profiles are promising candidates which may be repurposed for this disease. In the future, identifying patients with different risks of renal disease progression by their genotype and/or kidney volume will likely assume an important role for the clinical management of ADPKD.

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