scholarly journals The role of age on speech development in subjects with cochlear implants

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Vesna Lazarovska ◽  
Mira Jovanovska
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
The Us ◽  
One Year ◽  
Severe Degree

The cochlear implant has been approved as a method of treating bilateral deep deafness since the 1980s, and since then candidate selection methods have changed several times. Initially, the candidates were only adult patients, and in 1990 the cochlear implant was approved for the first time in children under 2 years of age by the US Food and Drug Administration. In 2000, the same US Administration reduced the limit to one year. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of age at cochlear implantation on speech recognition abilities. Concerning the age groups in which the subjects were assigned to, the best results on the tests were achieved by the group who underwent cochlear implantation at the youngest age. In conclusion, the benefit from cochlear implant in subjects with pre-lingual hearing impairment of the most severe degree has to be stressed and it is much bigger in comparison to individual amplifying hearing aids. If cochlear implant is placed at the youngest age, the results might lead to even 100% of active involvement in the social life of individuals with this kind of impairment.

Postlingually Deaf Adults of All Ages Derive Equal Benefits from Unilateral Multichannel Cochlear Implant

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 637-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Park ◽  
David B. Shipp ◽  
Joseph M. Chen ◽  
Julian M. Nedzelski ◽  
Vincent Y.W. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Speech Recognition ◽  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Perceived Quality Of Life ◽  
Deaf Adults

Background: Controversy still exists regarding the impact of age on speech recognition following cochlear implant in postlingually deaf adults. In some studies elderly recipients did not perform as well as younger patients on standard speech recognition tests. Furthermore, previous studies have shown that cochlear implantation improves quality of life, as measured by self-administered questionnaires, but the sample sizes of these studies have been relatively small, thus making age stratification a challenge. Purpose: The primary objective was to assess whether the age at which a patient receives a unilateral cochlear implant affects improvements in speech recognition scores and perceived quality of life. A secondary objective was to determine whether preoperative use of hearing aids correlates with improvement in speech recognition and perceived quality of life after cochlear implantation. Research Design: A retrospective study in a tertiary referral center. Patients: A total of 161 postlingually deaf adults, who were divided based on age (<50, 50–65, >65) and on prior hearing aid(s) use. Intervention: All patients received a unilateral multichannel cochlear implant. Data Collection and Analysis: Speech recognition was quantified by percent correct scores on the Hearing in Noise Test sentences delivered in a quiet setting only (HINT%), and quality of life was quantified by the Hearing Handicap Inventory (HHI) before and 1 yr after cochlear implantation. Results: Speech recognition, as measured by HINT%, improved significantly and to similar extents in all three age groups following cochlear implantation. Similarly, quality of life as quantified by HHI improved markedly and to similar extents in all age groups. Whether hearing aids were used pre-implant, or whether the cochlear implant (CI) was implanted on the same side or contralateral to the hearing aid side, had no substantial effect on the patients’ performances on either speech recognition or quality of life. Moreover, there were no statistically significant correlations between pre-implant speech recognition scores and pre-implant quality of life scores or between postimplant speech recognition scores and postimplant quality of life scores. Conclusion: The findings of the present study demonstrate that cochlear implantation improves HINT% and HHI scores to similar extents across all age groups. This finding suggests that elderly patients may derive speech recognition and quality of life benefits similar to those of younger patients and that age should not be an essential factor in the determination of CI candidacy. Furthermore, prior use of a hearing aid, and its location in relation to the cochlear implant, does not influence the extent of improvement in speech recognition or quality of life measurements following cochlear implantation.

Cochlear Implantation in Children Under 12 Months of Age

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Recent Trend ◽  
Clinical Experiences ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Auditory Development ◽  
Universal Newborn Hearing Screening ◽  
Newborn Hearing ◽  
One Year

Abstract Universal newborn hearing screening programs have resulted in earlier identification of children born with hearing loss. Because of the severity of their hearing impairment, some of these children receive limited benefit from hearing aids and are at risk for compromised speech, language, and auditory development. These children are often good candidates for cochlear implantation. A recent trend in pediatric hearing health care is the provision of a cochlear implant prior to one year of age for children who receive limited to no benefit from hearing aids. The following article discusses the benefits and limitations of cochlear implantation prior to one year of age and also discusses our clinical experiences with children who have received a cochlear implant prior to their first birthday.

scholarly journals Cochlear implantation: a review of the literature and the Nijmegen results

1997 ◽  
Vol 111 (11) ◽  
pp. 1008-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Jamal A. Makhdoum ◽  
Ad F. M. Snik ◽  
Paul van den Broek
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Sensorineural Deafness ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Subject Selection ◽  
Profound Deafness ◽  
Deaf Adults ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
To Receive

AbstractThe field of cochlear implantation is developing rapidly. In subjects with bilateral profound deafness who gain no benefit from conventional hearing aids the aim of cochlear implantation is to provide a means for them to receive auditory sensations. Throughout the world, most cochlear implant centres are still continuing their research efforts to improve the results with this technique. Although it is still difficult to predict how an individual will perform with a cochlear implant, the success of cochlear implantation can no longer be denied. In this paper, we review some recent papers and reports, and the results of the various Nijmegen cochlear implant studies. Data about subject selection, examinations, surgery and the outcome are discussed. Our results were in good agreement with those of other authors. It can be concluded once again that cochlear implantation is an effective treatment for postlingually deaf adults and children, and for prelingually (congenital or acquired) deaf children with profound bilateral sensorineural deafness.

scholarly journals Temporal Stability of Music Perception and Appraisal Scores of Adult Cochlear Implant Recipients

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (01) ◽  
pp. 028-034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Gfeller ◽  
Dingfeng Jiang ◽  
Jacob J. Oleson ◽  
Virginia Driscoll ◽  
John F. Knutson
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Music Perception ◽  
Musical Training ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Modest Improvement ◽  
One Year

Background: An extensive body of literature indicates that cochlear implants (CIs) are effective in supporting speech perception of persons with severe to profound hearing losses who do not benefit to any great extent from conventional hearing aids. Adult CI recipients tend to show significant improvement in speech perception within 3 mo following implantation as a result of mere experience. Furthermore, CI recipients continue to show modest improvement as long as 5 yr postimplantation. In contrast, data taken from single testing protocols of music perception and appraisal indicate that CIs are less than ideal in transmitting important structural features of music, such as pitch, melody, and timbre. However, there is presently little information documenting changes in music perception or appraisal over extended time as a result of mere experience. Purpose: This study examined two basic questions: (1) Do adult CI recipients show significant improvement in perceptual acuity or appraisal of specific music listening tasks when tested in two consecutive years? (2) If there are tasks for which CI recipients show significant improvement with time, are there particular demographic variables that predict those CI recipients most likely to show improvement with extended CI use? Research Design: A longitudinal cohort study. Implant recipients return annually for visits to the clinic. Study Sample: The study included 209 adult cochlear implant recipients with at least 9 mo implant experience before their first year measurement. Data Collection and Analysis: Outcomes were measured on the patient's annual visit in two consecutive years. Paired t-tests were used to test for significant improvement from one year to the next. Those variables demonstrating significant improvement were subjected to regression analyses performed to detect the demographic variables useful in predicting said improvement. Results: There were no significant differences in music perception outcomes as a function of type of device or processing strategy used. Only familiar melody recognition (FMR) and recognition of melody excerpts with lyrics (MERT-L) showed significant improvement from one year to the next. After controlling for the baseline value, hearing aid use, months of use, music listening habits after implantation, and formal musical training in elementary school were significant predictors of FMR improvement. Bilateral CI use, formal musical training in high school and beyond, and a measure of sequential cognitive processing were significant predictors of MERT-L improvement. Conclusion: These adult CI recipients as a result of mere experience demonstrated fairly consistent music perception and appraisal on measures gathered in two consecutive years. Gains made tend to be modest, and can be associated with characteristics such as use of hearing aids, listening experiences, or bilateral use (in the case of lyrics). These results have implications for counseling of CI recipients with regard to realistic expectations and strategies for enhancing music perception and enjoyment.

Beginning to Talk at 20 Months

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Ertmer ◽  
Jennifer A. Mellon
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Young Age ◽  
First Year ◽  
Auditory Information ◽  
Vocal Development ◽  
Parent Child Interactions ◽  
Vocabulary Growth ◽  
One Year

Early vocal development, consonant production, and spoken vocabulary were examined in a deaf toddler whose multichannel cochlear implant was activated at 20 months. Parent-child interactions were recorded before implantation and at monthly intervals during the first year of implant use. The child's utterances were classified according to developmental levels from the Stark Assessment of Early Vocal Development. The emergence of consonant types and consonant features were documented through listener transcription. Parent reports were used to monitor oral vocabulary growth. A large increase in canonical and postcanonical utterances was observed after 5 months of implant use, and these advanced prelinguistic forms were dominant in all subsequent recording sessions. Increases in the diversity of consonant types and features suggested that auditory information was used to increase phonetic diversity. It was reported that the child understood almost 240 words and spoke approximately 90 words after one year of implant experience. The combination of cochlear implantation at a young age, family support, and regular intervention appeared to facilitate efficient early vocal development and gains in spoken vocabulary.

Qualification of unilateral cochlear implant recipients for a second device

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 8-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Drela ◽  
Karolina Haber ◽  
Iwona Wrukowska ◽  
Michael Puricelli ◽  
Anna Sinkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Short Interval ◽  
Binaural Hearing ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Vestibular Organ ◽  
Profound Hearing Loss ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Effective Use

Introduction: Although it is recommended to perform cochlear implantation in both ears at the same time for management of profound hearing loss in children, many centers prefer to perform sequential implantation. There are many reasons as to why a simultaneous bilateral implantation is not commonly accepted and performed. The major risk is the possibility of bilateral vestibular organ impairment. However, it is beyond doubt that children who received the first implant should be given a chance for binaural hearing and associated benefits. In the literature, there are no homogenous criteria for bilateral implantation, and it is hard to find uniform and convincing algorithms for second cochlear implantation. The aim of this study is an attempt to identify a safe way of qualifying for second cochlear implantation in children. Material and methods: Forty children with one cochlear implant were qualified for the second implantation. During qualification, the following were taken into account: time of the first implantation, audiometry results, use of the hearing aid in the ear without an implant and benefit of the device, speech and hearing development, and vestibular organ function. R esults: Fifteen out of forty children (38%) were qualified for the second implantation. In 35% of children, the decision was delayed with possible second implantation in the future. Eleven children (27%) were disqualified from the second surgery. Discussion: During evaluation according to the protocol presented in our study, 38% of children with a single cochlear implant were qualified for the second implantation with a chance for an optimal development and effective use of the second cochlear implant. We are convinced that sequential implantation with a short interval between surgeries and with an examination of the vestibular organ, hearing and speech development as well as an assessment of potential benefits from the second implant (bimodal stimulation) before the second implantation is the safest and most beneficial solution for children with severe hearing loss.

scholarly journals Differences in healthcare visit frequency and type one year prior to stroke among young versus middle-aged adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandi L. Vollmer ◽  
Xing Chen ◽  
Erin R. Kulick ◽  
Mitchell S. V. Elkind ◽  
Amelia K. Boehme
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Healthcare Utilization ◽  
Preventive Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
The Us ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
One Year ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Abstract Background The incidence and prevalence of stroke among the young are increasing in the US. Data on healthcare utilization prior to stroke is limited. We hypothesized those < 45 years were less likely than those 45–65 years old to utilize healthcare in the 1 year prior to stroke. Methods Patients 18–65 years old who had a stroke between 2008 and 2013 in MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters Databases were included. We used descriptive statistics and logistic regression to examine healthcare utilization and risk factors between age groups 18–44 and 45–65 years. Healthcare utilization was categorized by visit type (no visits, inpatient visits only, emergency department visits only, outpatient patient visits only, or a combination of inpatient, outpatient or emergency department visits) during the year prior to stroke hospitalization. Results Of those 18–44 years old, 14.1% had no visits in the year prior to stroke compared to 11.2% of individuals aged 45–65 [OR = 1.30 (95% CI 1.25,1.35)]. Patients 18–44 years old had higher odds of having preventive care procedures associated with an outpatient visit and lower odds of having cardiovascular procedures compared to patients aged 45–65 years. Of stroke patients aged 18–45 and 45–65 years, 16.8 and 13.2% respectively had no known risk for stroke. Conclusions Patients aged 45–65 were less commonly seeking preventive care and appeared to be seeking care to manage existing conditions more than patients aged 18–44 years. However, as greater than 10% of both age groups had no prior risk, further exploration of potential risk factors is needed.

scholarly journals Factors affecting outcome of cochlear implant: an observational study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 1811
Author(s):  
Parth Patni ◽  
Deepak Dalmia ◽  
Udayanila T. ◽  
Harish Katakdhond ◽  
Karthika Bhagavan
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Auditory Deprivation ◽  
Implant Surgery ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cochlear Implant Surgery

<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aim and objectives of the study was to evaluate various factors affecting outcome in cochlear implant surgery.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A hospital based retrospective observational study in which 51 patients who underwent cochlear implant surgery from July 2017 to January 2019 were evaluated at Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Memorial Hospital, Byculla, Mumbai using 3 parameters i.e. Revised CAP score (CAP), meaningful auditory integration scale (MAIS), speech intelligibility rating (SIR) at various intervals postoperatively and outcome was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was found that the postoperative mean scores in all age groups were comparable but not significant at 3, 6 and 9 months interval while the difference was statistically significant at 12 and 24 months interval post implantation with less than 2 years age group performing better than other age groups patients with less than 2 years duration of auditory deprivation, the mean scores were found to be statistically significant at 12 and  24 months implantation Relationship to common causes such as prenatal infections, low birth weight, prolonged labour, hyperbilirubinemia, meningitis and consanguineous marriage were considered but not significant. No significant difference was observed in parent’s education level, urban-rural population to the outcome of cochlear implantation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Two most important factors that affect the outcome cochlear implantation are the age at implantation and the duration of auditory deprivation. Other factors are important but not significant and do not affect the outcome significantly.</p>

scholarly journals Correlation between behaviorally measured comfort (c) levels and electrically evoked stapedius reflex thresholds (ESRT) in children with unilateral cochlear implant

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-206
Author(s):  
Roshani Mishra ◽  
Aparna Nandurkar
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Acoustic Stimulation ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stapedius Reflex

Introduction: Decrease in the lower age limit for paediatric cochlear implantation and increasing records of cochlear implantation in children with associated impairments demand quick and easily available objective measurements to provide MAP in these children as their speech and language ability may not be adequate to provide clear cut explanation about comfort level. Providing adequate amount of acoustic stimulation in this golden period of life (i.e. 0-2 years) is important in ensuring the proper utilization of acoustic cues. Findings of adult population cannot be directly applied to younger children and till date there is no Indian study reporting relationship between Electrically Evoked Stapedial Reflex Thresholds (ESRT) and behavioural Comfort levels, especially in pediatric population. Aim: The present study aimed to assess the correlation between behaviorally measured comfort (C) levels and Electrically Evoked Stapedius Reflex Thresholds (ESRT) in children with unilateral cochlear implant. Method: Children (n=40) with age range of 4-12 years, who received the same type of CI and electrode configuration, were selected for the study. Participants were divided into two groups – younger and older - based on their chronological age. Behavioural C-level measurement and ESRT measurement were done after tympanometry for both the groups. Correlation between the two measures was obtained and comparison between the two groups was done. Results and discussion: Recorded ESRT was consistently higher than the behaviorally obtained C-level for both the groups. The correlation between ESRT and C-level varies from moderate to very strong and strong to very strong for the younger and older groups respectively. No statistically significant difference was found between the correlations for the two age groups. Conclusions: High correlations were found between the ESRT and behaviorally obtained C-levels. Thus ESRT can be utilized as a tool for programming in younger implant recipients.

scholarly journals Management Options for Patients With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Undergoing Cochlear Implantation

2020 ◽  
pp. 014556132094727
Author(s):  
Chee-Yee Lee ◽  
Wei-Chieh Lin ◽  
Chung-Ching Lin ◽  
Chuan-Jen Hsu ◽  
Hung-Pin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Implant Surgery ◽  
Cochlear Implant Surgery

Objectives: Cochlear implantation (CI) has been successfully used to restore hearing in patients with severe to profound hearing loss. In addition to hearing loss, irradiated patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) also often have chronic otitis media and Eustachian tube (ET) dysfunction. These features may result in difficulties in CI. We conducted this study to review the management options for irradiated patients with NPC undergoing CI. Furthermore, we investigated the results of CI in irradiated patients with NPC with chronic otitis media and obstructive ET dysfunction, accordingly to different treatment strategies. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of patients with NPC who underwent CI in our hospital between 2006 and 2020. All subjects were found to be eligible according to the following inclusion criteria: had NPC, received irradiation, underwent cochlear implant surgery, and had chronic otitis media with obstructive ET dysfunction. Results: A total of 9 patients with obstructive ET dysfunction and chronic otitis media underwent cochlear implant surgery. Seven patients with an inflamed ETs underwent a 2-stage operation. Two patients with obliterated ETs, we performed a single-stage CI surgery. Only 1 patient had otitis media effusion after the surgery. Conclusion: With the proper management of chronic otitis media and ET dysfunction, cochlear implant is an effective treatment for irradiated patients with NPC when conventional hearing aids failed.

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