scholarly journals No molecular evidence of MERS-CoV circulation in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia between 2010–2012: a single-center retrospective study

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (05) ◽  
pp. 390-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reem J Alamoudi ◽  
Leena E Azhar ◽  
Dareen H Alamoudi ◽  
Dena H Alamoudi ◽  
Ahmed M Tolah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Viral Pathogen ◽  
Respiratory Illnesses ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Pcr Targeting ◽  
The City

Introduction: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an emerging zoonotic viral pathogen and a serious public health concern. The virus was first reported in Saudi Arabia in 2012 and continues to be endemic in the region. Most of the initial MERS-CoV cases in 2012 and early 2013 were sporadic, and it remains unclear whether MERS-CoV was circulating before 2012 or not. Therefore, we tried here to find any molecular evidence of MERS-CoV circulation in humans before or during 2012 in the city of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methodology: We examined 349 archived respiratory samples collected between January 2010 and December 2012 from patients with acute respiratory illnesses from the city of Jeddah in Western Saudi Arabia. All samples were screened for MERS-CoV by real-time RT-PCR targeting the upstream E-gene (UpE) and the open reading frame 1 a (ORF1a). Results: All tested samples which were originally found negative for influenza A H1N1 virus were also found to be negative for MERS-CoV. Conclusions: These results suggest that circulation of MERS-CoV was uncommon among patients with acute respiratory symptoms in Western Saudi Arabia between 2010 and 2012.

scholarly journals Molecular Evidence of Influenza A Virus Circulation in African Dromedary Camels Imported to Saudi Arabia, 2017–2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Alghamdi ◽  
Ahmed M Hassan ◽  
Ahmed M Tolah ◽  
Sawsan S Alamari ◽  
Abdulrahman A Alzahrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Swine Influenza ◽  
Interspecies Transmission ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Influenza A Viruses ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Partial Genome

Abstract Little is known about influenza A viruses in dromedaries. Here, we detected influenza A viral RNA in 11 specimens (1.7 %) out of 665 nasal swabs collected from dromedaries between 2017 and 2018 in Saudi Arabia. Positive samples were detected only in imported camels from Sudan and Djibouti but not local ones. Partial genome sequencing indicates a close relationship to 2009–2019 human/swine influenza A H1N1 isolates from different countries, suggesting possible interspecies transmission. Taken together, dromedaries could represent a potentially unrecognized permissive host for these viruses, highlighting the need for enhanced surveillance in animals to aid implementation of one-health strategies.

scholarly journals Molecular Evidence of Transmission of Influenza A/H1N1 2009 on a University Campus

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e0168596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramandeep Kaur Virk ◽  
Vithiagaran Gunalan ◽  
Hong Kai Lee ◽  
Masafumi Inoue ◽  
Catherine Chua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a School District Closure for Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) on Acute Respiratory Illnesses in the Community: A Natural Experiment

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daphne L. Copeland ◽  
Ricardo Basurto-Davila ◽  
Wendy Chung ◽  
Anita Kurian ◽  
Daniel B. Fishbein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School District ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Respiratory Illnesses ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

scholarly journals The Influenza Situation in the World and the Epidemic in Russia in Season 2016 - 2017

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. Karpova ◽  
Y. M. Pelikh ◽  
K. A. Stolyarov
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Pandemic Virus ◽  
Database Research ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
The World ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The City ◽  
Virus Influenza

Analysis of the situation for influenza in the world are drawn according to data published on the websites of the WHO, and the epidemic 2016 - 2017 in Russia - database «Research Influenza Institute» on the weekly morbidity, hospitalization, deaths from influenza in 61 observed the city. The influenza epidemic 2016 - 2017 started early, the duration of its in cities and in the country was longer and higher was the incidence of influenza and ARI in the cities and in the country than in the epidemic 2015 - 2016. But the epidemic of influenza A(H3N2) 2016 - 2017 there was less incidence morbidity at the peak, the frequency of hospitalization and, especially, mortality from influenza in the total population by 20 times, and in all age groups, especially among persons older than 65 years by 17.5 times, compared to the epidemic 2015 - 2016, caused by the pandemic virus influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. The peculiarities of the epidemic 2016 -17 according to the Federal districts, first of all, the absence of a second rise in the incidence of influenza in the South of Russia. The intensity of the epidemics of influenza A(H3N2) seasons 2016 - 17 and 2014 - 2015 - was average, and the epidemic A(H1N1) pdm09 2015 - 2016 - high. The case fatality rate in epidemics involving the influenza A(H3N2) remains significantly lower than in the epidemic caused by the pandemic virus influenza A(H1N1)pdm09.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus in Saudi Arabia

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1563-1573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norah Abdulhamed Uthman ◽  
Sayed Sartaj Sohrab ◽  
Ibrahim Hassan Kamal ◽  
Suha Abdulall Farraj ◽  
Badr Essa Masri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Viral Diagnosis

Introduction: Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus emerged and spread globally in the spring of 2009. Saudi Arabia also witnessed a severe H1N1 pandemic virus epidemic with considerable morbidity and mortality in different parts of the kingdom beginning in June 2009. The influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus was detected in samples collected between May 2009 and November 2010 from Makkah region. This study provides data on the viral diagnosis and genetic diversity of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes of influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus from Saudi Arabia. Methodology: Nasopharyngeal swabs from 100 clinically infected patients in the peak of the outbreak were collected from Makkah region and processed for viral diagnosis by viral culture and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). HA and NA genes of 10 selected samples were sequenced and analyzed. Results: A total of 100 samples were collected; only 10 samples were found to be positive for influenza A virus infection by real-time PCR. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the HA and NA genes of influenza A (H1N1) from Saudi Arabia showed significant similarities with selected isolates. The phylogenetic tree constructed for both HA and NA genes formed close clusters with selected reference isolates. Conclusions: Nucleotide sequence analysis and phylogenetic relationships of the HA and NA genes of influenza A (H1N1) virus from Saudi Arabia with selected reference isolates indicates that they were genetically close and most probably originated from influenza A(H1N1)pdm09.

scholarly journals A novel influenza A (H1N1) outbreak experience among residents of a long term-care facility in Saudi Arabia during 2010 seasonal flu circulation

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raouf M. Afifi ◽  
Sherif Omar ◽  
Ahmed El Raggal
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Long Term Care Facility ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

The aim of this work was to describe and analyze an outbreak of novel 2009 influenza A (H1N1) among residents of a long-term care facility (LTCF) in Prince Mansour Military Hospital (PMMH), Taif, Saudi Arabia. These patients had been admitted to the LTCF months or years before the outbreak for several reasons, e.g. cerebral palsy, neurological deficits due to road traffic accidents with resultant handicap, chronic diseases associated with old age. An observational study was carried out to demonstrate and analyze the epidemiological characteristics (demographic factors, risk factors, and outcomes) associated with the outbreak in order to clarify which prevention and control measures had been taken and which recommendations were followed. During the period October 28 to November 11 2010, 21 LTCF residents were suspected to be clinically involved: fever ≥38ºC with influenza-like illness (ILI). Age ranged from 9-91 years (mean 46±24.13); 62% were males. Among them, 12 (57%) were influenza A (H1N1) positive by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR). Mortality involved 2 (17%) of the A (H1N1) laboratory confirmed individuals. Implementation of the recommended infection control measures mitigated the transmission of infection to new individuals. The fulfillment of strict infection control measures could limit H1N1 infection among LTCFPMMH patients. Routine influenza, including specific H1N1 immunization of all LTCF residents together with their healthcare staff, should be mandatory in those settings serving immunocompromised patients.

scholarly journals Novel Swine Infl uenza AH1N1 and the Phase Six Pandemic

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (179) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Khadka
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Swine Influenza ◽  
Antigenic Drift ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Influenza A Viruses ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
H1n1 Strain ◽  
Health Organization

The family Orthomyxoviridae consists of Influenza A virus which is negative sense single stranded virus. The genome of the virus is segmented and possesses a peculiar trait of genetic reassortment. The influenza virus on its envelop consists of the antigenic glycoprotein like haemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). The changes in those glycoprotein components due to antigenic shift and antigenic drift leads to the development of new strain of Influenza A viruses. Now the novel swine influenza A/H1N1 strain has been detected from different parts of the world which is causing pandemic. World Health Organization has declared the pandemic phase six and more than 60 countries have reported the cases of novel influenza A/H1N1 strain including Nepal. As the disease is spreading world wide, it is a major public health concern for all the countries. And especially the developing countries like Nepal should immediately respond to the situation and should be well prepared to combat the disease before the disease spreads to enough population. Keywords: pandemic, public health, reassortment, swine influenza A/H1N1.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document