scholarly journals Subclinical pulmonary pathogenic infection in camels slaughtered in Cairo, Egypt

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (07) ◽  
pp. 909-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamal Wareth ◽  
Jayaseelan Murugaiyan ◽  
Dalia F Khater ◽  
Shawky Ahmed Moustafa
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Infection ◽  
Microbial Identification ◽  
Adequate Care ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Pathogenic Agents ◽  
Arcanobacterium Pyogenes ◽  
Abattoir Workers ◽  
Apparently Healthy ◽  
Pathogenic Infection

Introduction: Camels migrate between the open boundaries of Sudan and Egypt either for grazing or for slaughtering. Bad hygiene and stress is often related to pulmonary diseases in camels. This study investigated whether camels slaughtered in Cairo carried pulmonary infections. Methodology: Five hundred lung tissues of slaughtered camels were examined and 100 samples suspected for pulmonary infection were subjected to microbial identification and histopathology. Results: A total of 70 lung tissues revealed 97 bacterial isolates of 8 species, including Staphylococcus aureus (37.14%), Escherichia coli (27.14%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (26.71%), Bacillus spp. (25.72%), Streptococcus pyogenes (10%), Corynebacterium spp. (8.85 %), Pasteurella spp. (2.85%), and Arcanobacterium pyogenes (1.4%). Some of these species were earlier reported to be associated with pulmonary infection. Histopathology revealed different types of pneumonia in 50% of the investigated lungs. Conclusions: A considerable number of apparently healthy camels carry pathogenic agents in their lower respiratory tracts. Immunosuppression and stressful conditions might influence these pathogens to induce respiratory diseases in camels. Thus, the infected camels might act as reservoir of these infections agents. If adequate care is not taken, this might be a threat to abattoir workers and may spread infections to humans.

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Uterine Microorganisms in Postpartum Dairy Cows

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Azizun Nesa ◽  
S D Joy ◽  
M O Faruk
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Diseased Animal ◽  
Uterine Infection ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The aim of this study was to isolate and identify uterine microorganisms in postpartum cows and to observe  the occurrence of uterine infection in crossbred and local cows. One hundred and nine samples, from both  crossbred and local dairy cows were collected from Chittagong area. They were inseminated artificially  (n=89) and naturally (n=20). Samples were collected at least 3 months after calving. Among the selected cows,  33 had different reproductive diseases and the rest were from apparently healthy cows. The crossbred dairy  cows were more susceptible to reproductive diseases (19.27%) than the local ones. Uterine infection was  higher (52%) in cows inseminated artificially than that of natural ones (21.21%). Nineteen different types of  bacteria were isolated from both diseased and healthy animals, except Clostridium spp and Nocardia spp which  were not found in diseased animal. Likewise, Bacillus spp and Salmonella spp were absent in healthy animals.  Most prevalent bacteria in diseased animal were Staphylococcus spp and Streptococcus spp found in 33% and  27.3% of the cases respectively. In non-diseased cases, the highest number of samples was positive for  Bacteroied spp (13.2%) followed by Streptococcus spp (10.4%). On average, the highest number of bacterial  population was isolated from diseased samples and most of those bacteria are pathogenic. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v28i1.11804 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 28, Number 1, June 2011, pp 19-23

scholarly journals Ulcerative balanitis and vulvitis of Dorper sheep in South Africa : a study on its aetiology and clinical features

2005 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kidanemariam ◽  
J. Gouws ◽  
M. Van Vuuren ◽  
B. Gummow
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Regular Feature ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Large Colony ◽  
Mycoplasma Mycoides ◽  
Dorper Sheep ◽  
Arcanobacterium Pyogenes ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Ovine ulcerative balanitis and vulvitis in sheep of the Dorper breed has been observed in South Africa since 1979. Its aetiology has not been conclusively resolved, and there is some discrepancy in descriptions of its clinical features. In order to identify the pathogenic microorganism / s that contribute to the occurrence of the disease, the microflora in the genital tracts of both clinically healthy and affected sheep were isolated and compared. Bacteriological examination of materials from affected and unaffected sheep resulted in the isolation of Arcanobacterium pyogenes from 44.2 % and 17.2 % of them respectively. This difference is statistically significant (P < 0.01). Seventy-four per cent of the isolates originated from severe clinical cases. Mycoplasmas were isolated from 49.3 % of 116 clinically normal sheep and 78.2%of 104 affected sheep. There were significant differences in their rates of isolation in clinical groups (P < 0.05). Of all the mycoplasma isolates, Mycoplasma mycoides mycoides large colony variant (MmmLC) was isolated from 61.5 % of clinically diseased sheep while 6.0 % of the isolates were from apparently healthy animals (P < 0.05). The study threw light on the prevalence of mycoplasmas in the genital tract of apparently healthy sheep and, at the same time the identity of the mycoplasma pathogen associated with ulcerative balanitis and vulvitis was revealed. The findings of this investigation therefore confirmed the involvement of mycoplasma, particularly that of MmmLC large colony, in the disease in Dorper sheep in South Africa, and it was concluded that this microorganism is an important pathogen of balanitis and vulvitis in them. The study furthermore demonstrated a probable synergism between A. pyogenes and MmmLC. Finding these 2 organisms together occurred 53.4 times more frequently in the affected sheep than in the unaffected, which emphasises the probable multifactorial nature of the disease. The association between age and the presence of clinical signs was statistically significant. It was found that young sheep were more likely to have lesions than adult sheep. Clinical observations showed that the typical ulceration appears to be confined to the glans penis and lips of the vulva; no ulceration was observed on the shaft of the penis and prepuce or vaginal vestibule. In uncomplicated cases inflammation of the prepuce and vaginal vestibule is not a regular feature of the disease. Therefore the names ulcerative balanitis and vulvitis most accurately describe the nature of the disease in South Africa.

scholarly journals Prevalence of the Different Types of Palmar Creases Among Medical and Dental Students in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

1970 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mekbeb Afework
Keyword(s):  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Normal Variants ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Significance Levels ◽  
Medical And Dental Students ◽  
Apparently Healthy

BACKGROUND: Studies have suggested that identification of aberrant palmar creases may give clues for an early and noninvasive method of diagnosis of certain disease conditions. Toward this purpose, awareness of the normal variants of palmar creases must be first recognized. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the patterns of palmar creases in healthy Ethiopian population among Medical and Dental Students in Addis Ababa.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Right and left palm pictures from 318 (177 females and 141 males) participants were taken using a mobile camera, and evaluated qualitatively. Observations were analyzed by Fisher's exact test, and significance levels for comparisons were set at p<0.05.RESULTS: Aberrant creases were observed in 13.8% of the palms. Simian crease was the most common among the aberrant crease types, followed by Suwon and Sydney. Palmar creases with two and three points of origin were significantly more common, respectively, in males and the females. Minor variants as accessory to the radial longitudinal crease and middle longitudinal crease were also observed.CONCLUSION: This study suggests that aberrant crease types at the observed frequencies may not be indicative of known disease conditions as they occurred in apparently healthy Ethiopians. However, the results of this study, besides revealing the patterns of palmar creases among Ethiopians, could give a baseline for studies aimed at diagnosis of disease conditions based on palmar crease configurations. Further qualitative and quantitative studies of palmar creases in wider populations with various conditions, including ethno-geographic factors, are recommended.

scholarly journals Isolation and antibiogram of aerobic nasal bacterial flora of apparently healthy West African dwarf goats and sheep in Abeokuta Area, Ogun State

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
F. O. Olufemi ◽  
O. B. Keinde ◽  
P. A. Akinduti ◽  
O. A Odunfa
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Studies conducted on the bacterial flora of the respiratory tract in goats or sheep focused on the clinically ill, with fewer studies on the apparently healthy goats and sheep and the antibiogram of isolated organisms. This study was carried out on apparently healthy 54 goats and 43 sheep. A total of seven different bacterial species were isolated from the upper respiratory tracts of the apparently healthy small ruminants using colonial morphology, gram staining and biochemical characterization.Antibiotic sensitivity of the bacterial isolates was performed against 10 commonly prescribed antimicrobial agents and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the antibiotics was conducted. The overall occurrence rate of bacteria isolated are Pseudomonas spp (42.0% in caprine and 27.3% in ovine); Bacillus spp (36.9%, caprine; 40%, ovine); Mannheima spp, (9.2%, caprine; 23.6%, ovine); Escherichia coli (7.6%, caprine; 9.1%, ovine); Staphylococcus spp (2.5%, caprine); Pasteurellaspp(0.8%, caprine) and Streptococcus spp (0.8%, caprine). The isolation of Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica from the nasal cavity of apparently healthy goats and sheep in this study reflects their possible role in most common respiratory diseases encountered in these small ruminants. All the 174 (100%) isolates were resistant to Amoxicillin and 161 (92.5%) were resistant to Ceftriaxone. One hundred and sixty-eight (96.6%) isolates were sensitive to Ofloxacin and 140 (80.5%) were sensitive to both Gentamycin and Ciprofloxacin and 135 (77.6%) were sensitive to Perfloxin. Staphaureus was resistant to all the antibiotics used except Amoxicillin hence only Amoxicillin can be used for its treatment, while most isolates were susceptible to the antimicrobials tested, as demonstrated by higher MIC value. The emergence of antibiotic resistance to these pathogens  may increase infectious disease burdens and make the rapeutic treatment more expensive.

scholarly journals Diseases of wild strawberries in Primorye

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
O. A. Sobko ◽  
A. S. Didora ◽  
N. G. Boginskaya ◽  
N. V. Matsishina
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Berry Crops ◽  
Effective Drugs ◽  
Pathogenic Process ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Relevance. Garden strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) is one of the most popular and widespread berry crops in the world. One of the reasons for the strawberries low yields is the loss of production from fungal diseases. Especially harmful is pathogens complex affect. One of the fusariosis distinctive features is a specific etiology – the participation of a different types complex of the genus Fusarium fungi in the pathogenic process, which differ in biological properties and are adapted to certain environmental conditions. The pathogen of Botrytis cinerea gray rot parasitizes the culture year-round. Various forms of strawberry root rot caused by pathogens of the genus Phytophthora are poorly studied diseases. Oomycetes of the genus Phytophthora are sources of transient forms of apparently healthy plants withering, associated with the appearance of horns necrosis. These processes occurrence is primarily due to the high harmfulness of these pathogens, that can cause death from 40 to 78% of strawberry plants during the growing season. The object of this work was to establish the species composition of the garden strawberries diseases in the Primorsky Territory and to develop recommendations on measures to control them.Methods. The determination of pathogens was carried out by microscopy and passage of pure culture on differential media (Hella medium, carrot-sucrose agar) according to E. Blagoveshchenskaya (2015).Results. It has been established that in the Primorsky Territory, gray rot, late blight and fusariosis received the highest prevalence among diseases of under coverage strawberry. The causative agent of late blight was previously defined as Phythophtora cactorum (Lebert &. Cohn) Schröd, of the gray rot as Botrytis cinerea, of the fusariosis as Fusarium oxisporum Schlecht. ex Fr. f. sp. fragariae Winks et Williams. Gumat K, Agat-25K, Switch 62.5 WG, Teldor 50 WG are effective drugs to contain its harmfulness and spread. As a result of the measures taken, the spread of the disease decreased to 40%, productivity increased by 1.5 times.

scholarly journals Isolation of Bacillus spp. including B. thuringiensis from apparently healthy female Aedes vexans nipponii

1994 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-237
Author(s):  
Shogo MASUDA ◽  
Hiroko JITSUKAWA ◽  
Keiko SEKI ◽  
Junji SAKURADA ◽  
Miyo MURAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Vexans ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Apparently Healthy

scholarly journals Deep viral blood metagenomics reveals extensive anellovirus diversity in healthy humans

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Cebriá-Mendoza ◽  
Cristina Arbona ◽  
Luís Larrea ◽  
Wladimiro Díaz ◽  
Vicente Arnau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Blood ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Viral Genomes ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Random Amplification ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Rna And Dna ◽  
Apparently Healthy

AbstractHuman blood metagenomics has revealed the presence of different types of viruses in apparently healthy subjects. By far, anelloviruses constitute the viral family that is more frequently found in human blood, although amplification biases and contaminations pose a major challenge in this field. To investigate this further, we subjected pooled plasma samples from 120 healthy donors in Spain to high-speed centrifugation, RNA and DNA extraction, random amplification, and massive parallel sequencing. Our results confirm the extensive presence of anelloviruses in such samples, which represented nearly 97% of the total viral sequence reads obtained. We assembled 114 different viral genomes belonging to this family, revealing remarkable diversity. Phylogenetic analysis of ORF1 suggested 28 potentially novel anellovirus species, 24 of which were validated by Sanger sequencing to discard artifacts. These findings underscore the importance of implementing more efficient purification procedures that enrich the viral fraction as an essential step in virome studies and question the suggested pathological role of anelloviruses.

scholarly journals Deterioration Profile of Postharvest Onion (Allium cepa L.) Bulbs Induced by Potential Pathogenic Microorganisms

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Nkem Torimiro ◽  
Ifeoluwa Oluwabusola Makinde ◽  
Richard Kolade Omole ◽  
Oluwafemi Bamidele Daramola
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Microbial Infection ◽  
Onion Bulbs ◽  
Adequate Care ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a highly nutritive vegetable with about 2 million metric tons grown annually in Nigeria, but the majority is lost to postharvest spoilage, especially through microbial infection. In this study, we identified bacteria and fungi associated with postharvest spoilage in onion bulbs and determined the pathogenicity of the bacterial isolates. Two weeks stored onion bulbs were purchased at a market in Ile-Ife, rinsed in 5% HOCL and aseptically cut into seven sections each. The fourteen sections obtained were swabbed daily with sterile cotton-tipped applicators for seven days. The swabs were streaked onto the surface of Nutrient Agar (NA) and selective/differential media plates for the isolation of bacteria, and Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) plates for the cultivation of fungi. The bacterial plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours, while the fungal plates were incubated at 25°C for 5 days. The isolates were identified based on standard microbiological methods. Pathogenicity tests of the bacterial isolates from each of the genera was carried out by re-inoculation on the inner tissues of fresh onion bulbs that have been cleaned with 1% NaOCL, an uninoculated onion bulb served as the control. Thirty-five (35) bacterial isolates belonging to four different genera were identified, which included; 11 (31.4%) Staphylococcus spp., 9 (25.7%) Micrococcus spp., 8 (22.9%) Bacillus spp. and 7 (20%) Flavobacterium spp. Seven (7) fungal isolates were identified which included; 5 (71.4%) Aspergillus fumigatus, 1 (14.3%) Gibellula suffulta and 1 (14.3%) Hirsutella saussueri. Pathogenicity tests revealed that all the bacterial isolates were able to cause rot in onion in comparison with the control which had no observable rot; Flavobacterium spp. (28 mm) was the most pathogenic, while Micrococcus spp. was the least pathogenic (14 mm) based on the diameter of rot formation within seven days. These findings revealed that spoilage microorganisms can cause onion rot, hence, onions already showing contamination symptoms should be separated from fresh ones to avoid cross-contamination, while adequate care should be taken before consumption of onion to avoid foodborne illnesses and diseases.

scholarly journals Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage could be a risk for development of clinical infections in rabbits

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Selva Martínez ◽  
David Viana ◽  
Juan Manuel Corpa Arenas
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Nasal Cavities ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Apparently Healthy

<p>Although nasal carriage has been described as a risk factor for <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> infections in humans, there is a scarcity of studies about <em>S. aureus</em> nasal carriers in animals. In rabbits, <em>S. aureus</em> is one of the most important pathogens responsible for a number of different types of infections. This study was designed to determine the extent of staphylococcal nasal carriage and to establish whether a relationship exists between nasal carriage and development of lesions. One hundred and sixteen rabbits with and without chronic signs of staphylococcosis from 6 industrial rabbitries were monitored. Nasal swabs for microbiological assessments were obtained from all animals. Microbiological results showed that 56% of the animals carried <em>S. aureus</em> in their nasal cavities with significantly higher incidence in animals with staphylococcal-related lesions (84.2%) compared to apparently healthy animals (28.8%). Additionally, the <em>S. aureus</em> strains isolated from the nasal cavity and lesions were clonally related in 91.7% of animals. This suggests that nasal carriage of <em>S. aureus</em> in rabbits could be a risk for development of clinical infections.</p>

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