scholarly journals Foodborne illnesses in Brazil: control measures for 2014 FIFA World Cup travellers

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (03) ◽  
pp. 254-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Ritter ◽  
Eduardo Cesar Tondo
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Information ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Foodborne Diseases ◽  
Food Services ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Foodborne Illnesses ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Fifa World Cup

Foodborne diseases are typically caused by the ingestion of food contaminated with micro-organisms or their toxins, resulting in gastrointestinal disorders and in some severe cases hospitalization and death. In Brazil, foodborne illnesses are caused mainly by Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The most important contributing factors for outbreaks are exposure of foods to unsuitable temperatures, inadequate food preparation and contamination of raw material or water used to prepare food. Recently, aiming to prevent foodborne illnesses during the 2014 FIFA World Cup, Brazil has developed a risk-based evaluation tool able to assess and grade Brazilian food services in cities that will host football matches. This tool has been used by the Brazilian sanitary surveillance officers during the inspection of facilities where food services. This is considered an innovative preventative sanitary action because it was created based on scientific information, statistical calculation and on risks of foodborne diseases occurrence. In this mini-review we summarize general data, control measures and how travellers can prevent foodborne illness in Brazil during the 2014 FIFA World Cup.

scholarly journals Inspection Score and Grading System for Food Services in Brazil: The Results of a Food Safety Strategy to Reduce the Risk of Foodborne Diseases during the 2014 FIFA World Cup

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diogo T. da Cunha ◽  
Ana L. de Freitas Saccol ◽  
Eduardo C. Tondo ◽  
Ana B. A. de Oliveira ◽  
Veronica C. Ginani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Foodborne Diseases ◽  
Grading System ◽  
Food Services ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Fifa World Cup ◽  
Safety Strategy

scholarly journals Pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic transmission of COVID-19: Implications for control measures in Qatar

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz M Tawengi ◽  
Samantha Johnston ◽  
Soha Shawqi Albayat ◽  
Devendra Bansal ◽  
Shazia Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Young Population ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Fifa World Cup ◽  
Entry Points

Public health control measures for communicable diseases are often based on the identification of symptomatic cases. However, emerging epidemiological evidence demonstrates the role of pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic transmissions of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Understanding high-risk settings where transmissions can occur from infected individuals without symptoms has become critical for improving the response to the pandemic. In this review, we discussed the evidence on the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, its effect on control strategies, and lessons that can be applied in Qatar. Although Qatar has a small population, it has a distinct setting for COVID-19 control. It has a largely young population and is mostly composed of expatriates particularly from the Middle East and Asia that reside in Qatar for work. Further key considerations for Qatar and travel include population movement during extended religious holiday periods, screening and tracing of visitors and residents at entry points into the country, and expatriates living and working in high-density settings. We also consider how its international airport serves as a major transit destination for the region, as Qatar is expected to experience a rapid expansion of visitors while preparing to host the FIFA World Cup in 2022.

Mega-Sporting events and the politics of nation-building: a comparison of the 2010 South African and the 2014 and 2016 Brazilian cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-21
Author(s):  
Hoyoon Jung
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
National Unity ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Similar Time ◽  
Fifa World Cup ◽  
The Cost

It is widely acknowledged that mega-sporting events play a powerful role in nationbuilding in their host countries, and many scholars have empirically demonstrated this relationship. The 2010 South Africa FIFA World Cup provided a potent vehicle through which national unity and integration could be successfully promoted. However, more recent Brazilian experiences in the 2014 FIFA World Cup and the 2016 Olympics proved that an identical outcome is not always the case. This study examines how the hosting of mega-sporting events in South Africa and Brazil yielded contrasting effects on nation-building. Events in these two countries are compared to explore how two analogous societies that hosted mega-sporting events at a similar time ultimately experienced completely different outcomes. It is argued that differences in the cost of these mega-events, different economic circumstances and, differences in the characteristics and impact of social movements in the two countries were major contributing factors to the divergence.

Food safety of food services within the destinations of the 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil: Development and reliability assessment of the official evaluation instrument

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diogo Thimoteo da Cunha ◽  
Ana Beatriz Almeida de Oliveira ◽  
Ana Lucia de Freitas Saccol ◽  
Eduardo Cesar Tondo ◽  
Eneo Alves Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Reliability Assessment ◽  
Evaluation Instrument ◽  
Food Services ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Fifa World Cup ◽  
Official Evaluation

Selecting the best team from the players in the 2018 FIFA World Cup using performance analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-32
Author(s):  
Tugay Karadag ◽  
Coskun Parim ◽  
Erhan Cene
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Topsis Method ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Fifa World Cup ◽  
Performance Variables

This study aims to determine the best player in each position from among the footballers who played in the 2018 World Cup in Russia. Player statistics for those who played over 200 minutes were obtained from the FIFA official and transfermarkt.com websites. Selected performance variables were then calculated per 100 minutes and the results were normalised. Kruskal Wallis H and Bonferroni Tests were used to determine the weights of the variables before the analysis. As the variables will have different values according to the players’ positions, the weights for each position were calculated separately. Finally, the performances of the players on the basis of the variables used were ranked for each position using the TOPSIS method. A second analysis was undertaken including only those players whose ages were under 28 and goalkeepers whose ages were under 32. The purpose of this analysis was to identify players with potential that had been largely unrecognised up until the tournament. It was found that both the teams selected in this way were dominated by players from European clubs. Ninety-two percent of the top sixty players in the analysis were playing in European leagues with 85% playing in Spain, England, Italy, Germany, France or Russia.

scholarly journals Price discrimination in informal labor markets in Bogotá: an audit experiment during the 2018 FIFA World Cup

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Zamora ◽  
César Mantilla ◽  
Mariana Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Price Discrimination ◽  
Pricing Strategies ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Fifa World Cup ◽  
Informal Labor ◽  
Seasonal Demand ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Gender Based

AbstractWe conducted an audit experiment to examine whether street vendors in Bogotá (Colombia) exert price discrimination based on buyers’ attributes, such as gender and nationality, and based on product characteristics, such as the increasing marginal valuation of items needed to complete a collection. We exploited the seasonal demand for album stickers related to the FIFA World Cup Russia 2018. In our within-subjects design, experimenters carried out in-person audits and quoted a pre-determined list of missing stickers. They interacted with 59 sticker vendors located in five geographic clusters and collected 287 vendor–buyer interactions. We find that prices quoted to foreign buyers are higher than prices quoted to Colombian buyers. By contrast, we do neither find evidence supporting direct gender-based discrimination, nor that vendors charge a higher price per sticker when the list of missing stickers is shorter. We complement the study with a qualitative analysis based on interviews that reveal vendors’ pricing strategies, their awareness of price discrimination, and the trade of counterfeits. The qualitative results suggest that price discrimination appears to be unconscious.

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