scholarly journals Simultaneous detection and subtyping of H274Y-positive influenza A (H1N1) using pyrosequencing

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (05) ◽  
pp. 348-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wasun Chantratita ◽  
Chonlaphat Sukasem ◽  
Sayomporn Sirinavin ◽  
Nipaporn Sankuntaw ◽  
Chutatip Srichantaratsamee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Resistance Mutation ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
H1n1 Influenza Virus ◽  
Oseltamivir Resistance ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
H274y Mutation

Introduction: We investigated the frequency of H274Y-positive swine-origin 2009 A (H1N1) influenza virus outbreak in Thailand during May-August 2009.  Methodology: This study sought to find Oseltamivir resistance mutation H274Y by using pyrosequencing. Results: From 8,710 real-time RT-PCR swine-origin 2009 A(H1N1) influenza virus-positive specimens, 100 randomly selected samples identified one such virus with H274Y mutation  using pyrosequencing. Conclusions: The patient probably acquired oseltamivir resistance from natural variation, since he had never received that form of treatment before and recovered from influenza-like symptoms without using anti-influenza drugs.

scholarly journals Contemporary Seasonal Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Infection Primes for a More Robust Response To Split Inactivated Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Vaccination in Ferrets

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 1998-2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali H. Ellebedy ◽  
Thomas P. Fabrizio ◽  
Ghazi Kayali ◽  
Thomas H. Oguin ◽  
Scott A. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Inactivated Vaccine ◽  
H1n1 Influenza Virus ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

ABSTRACT Human influenza pandemics occur when influenza viruses to which the population has little or no immunity emerge and acquire the ability to achieve human-to-human transmission. In April 2009, cases of a novel H1N1 influenza virus in children in the southwestern United States were reported. It was retrospectively shown that these cases represented the spread of this virus from an ongoing outbreak in Mexico. The emergence of the pandemic led to a number of national vaccination programs. Surprisingly, early human clinical trial data have shown that a single dose of nonadjuvanted pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 monovalent inactivated vaccine (pMIV) has led to a seroprotective response in a majority of individuals, despite earlier studies showing a lack of cross-reactivity between seasonal and pandemic H1N1 viruses. Here we show that previous exposure to a contemporary seasonal H1N1 influenza virus and to a lesser degree a seasonal influenza virus trivalent inactivated vaccine is able to prime for a higher antibody response after a subsequent dose of pMIV in ferrets. The more protective response was partially dependent on the presence of CD8+ cells. Two doses of pMIV were also able to induce a detectable antibody response that provided protection from subsequent challenge. These data show that previous infection with seasonal H1N1 influenza viruses likely explains the requirement for only a single dose of pMIV in adults and that vaccination campaigns with the current pandemic influenza vaccines should reduce viral burden and disease severity in humans.

scholarly journals Hospitalizations associated with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) and seasonal influenza in Saurashtra region, India

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 834-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh K Chudasama ◽  
Umed V Patel ◽  
Pramod B Verma
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Median Time ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 ◽  
H1n1 Influenza Virus ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Introduction: This study investigated the clinico-epidemiological characteristics of patients who were hospitalized with 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus infection and seasonal influenza in the Saurashtra region of India. Methodology: From September 2009 to February 2010, a total of 773 patients with influenza virus attending different hospitals in Rajkot city were studied. Real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) testing was used to confirm infection; the clinico-epidemiological features of the disease were closely monitored. Results: Of the 733 patients, 35.4% (274/773) were cases of 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza and 64.6% (499/773) were cases of seasonal influenza. Of the 274 patients with 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza, the median age was 29.5 years, and 51.5% were males. Only 1.1% positive patients had recent travel history to an infected region. A median time of five days was observed from onset of illness to influenza A (H1N1) diagnosis, and a median time of six days was reported for hospital stay. All admitted influenza A (H1N1) patients received Oseltamivir drug, but only 16.1% received it within two days of onset of illness. One fourth of the admitted positive patients died. The most common symptoms were cough, fever, sore throat, and shortness of breath. The coexisting conditions were diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic pulmonary diseases, and pregnancy (p = 0.001). Chest radiography revealed 93% of the positive patients had pneumonia. Conclusion: The clinical course and outcomes of the 2009 pandemic (H1N1) influenza virus are comparable to those of the currently circulating seasonal influenza, with high mortality in influenza A (H1N1) patients.

scholarly journals mRNA Vaccines Encoding the HA Protein of Influenza A H1N1 Virus Delivered by Cationic Lipid Nanoparticles Induce Protective Immune Responses in Mice

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyu Zhuang ◽  
Yanxin Qi ◽  
Maopeng Wang ◽  
Ning Yu ◽  
Fulong Nan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Cationic Lipid ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Translation Efficiency ◽  
H1n1 Influenza Virus ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Better Than

The design of the mRNA vaccine involves the selection of in vitro transcription (IVT) systems and nonviral delivery vectors. This study aimed to verify the effect of 5’ and 3’ untranslated region (UTR) sequences on the translation efficiency of mRNA. Three modes of IVT-mRNA systems (IVT-mRNA-n1/n2/n3) with diverse UTRs were constructed, and EGFP (enhanced green fluorescent protein) and HA (hemagglutinin) gene of H3N2 influenza virus were introduced into each of them. The results showed that the mode of 5’ and 3’ UTRs originating from human β-globulin was better than the mode of UTRs from human α-globulin, and the n3 mode was the best. mEGFP-n3, mH3HA-n3, and mLuciferease-n3 were prepared to compare the effect of cationic lipid nanoparticle (LNP) with that of mannose-conjugated LNP (LNP-Man) on the efficiency of gene delivery. The results showed that the effect of LNP-Man was better than that of LNP both in vitro and in vivo. Choosing appropriate ligands might help in vaccine design. After selecting the IVT-mRNA-n3 system and delivery vectors, mRNA vaccines were constructed against the H1N1 influenza virus, and C57BL/6 mice were immunized through intranasal administration. The results showed that mRNA vaccines could elicit both humoral and cellular immune responses and completely protect mice from the tenfold LD50 H1N1 influenza virus challenge.

Development of a multiplex real-time RT-PCR assay for detection of influenza A, influenza B, RSV and typing of the 2009-H1N1 influenza virus

2010 ◽  
Vol 167 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weston C. Hymas ◽  
Alan Mills ◽  
Sheri Ferguson ◽  
Janine Langer ◽  
Rosemary C. She ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
H1n1 Influenza Virus ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
2009 H1n1

Prospective Evaluation of 2009 H1N1 Influenza A in Patients Admitted with Fever to an Oncology Unit

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 815-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Seiter ◽  
Dhaval Shah ◽  
Claudio Sandoval ◽  
Delong Liu ◽  
Robert B. Nadelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Favorable Outcome ◽  
Prospective Evaluation ◽  
H1n1 Influenza Virus ◽  
Oncology Patients ◽  
2009 H1n1 ◽  
Oncology Unit

We prospectively evaluated all oncology inpatients for 2009 H1N1 influenza virus. All patients recovered completely. Evaluating all oncology patients with fever for influenza involved overtreatment of influenza-negative patients and involved a significant infection control burden. However, early antiviral intervention could have contributed to a favorable outcome.

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